專(zhuān)題26虛擬語(yǔ)氣+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、2014全國(guó)高考匯編之虛擬語(yǔ)氣+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 一（2014安徽卷）30People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrown B. will be throwingC. were throwing D. would have thrown【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法【答案】D【解析】句義：人們作者回收利用他們過(guò)去常常會(huì)扔掉的東西。Would have done過(guò)去常常做某事；是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。如果不適應(yīng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可以使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)threw。故D正確?！九e一反三】I _ sooner but I di

2、dnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤拔冶緛?lái)可以早點(diǎn)來(lái)，但我真不知道他們?cè)诘任??！眀ut I didnt know表示了過(guò)去時(shí)間，因此前句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，用主語(yǔ)+should / would / could / might + have done表達(dá)，故選D。二（2014北京卷）27. _ I have a word with you? It wont take long. A. Can

3、B. MustC. ShallD. Should【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析【答案】A【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本意義辨析。Can能夠，可能；must必須，一定；非得；shall將要；should應(yīng)該；句意：我可以和你談?wù)剢?？不?huì)花很多時(shí)間的。根據(jù)句意可知本題使用can I？表示詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否允許。如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典嗎？故A正確。三（2014北京卷）34. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【考點(diǎn)】

4、考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣【答案】D【解析】本題考察的是if條件狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，條件句中使用“一般過(guò)去時(shí)/were”，主句使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。句意：如果你沒(méi)有把地圖丟了，我們現(xiàn)在就會(huì)在賓館里了。根據(jù)從句的did可知本句是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，故D正確?！驹囶}延伸】條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣是考查的重點(diǎn)。如果過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，條件句中使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”;如果主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，條件句中使用過(guò)去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞使用were,主句中使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”；如果與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，條件句中有三種：過(guò)去時(shí)；were to do ;should+動(dòng)詞原形，主句使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)

5、詞+動(dòng)詞原形”；要特別注意如果省略了if，句子要使用部分倒裝的形式，把助動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提之主語(yǔ)前?！九e一反三】Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥吭诒硎緦?lái)的情況下，主句中第一人稱(chēng)可用should，其他人稱(chēng)用would；從句中任何人稱(chēng)

6、都用should,不可用would.此處were to live用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與將來(lái)的事實(shí)相反。四（2014大綱卷）30. Although you _ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop. A. should B. need C. must D. can 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析【答案】D【解析】should應(yīng)該，竟然；need需要；must必須，一定；非得，偏偏；can能夠，可能，有時(shí)會(huì)；句義：盡管你有時(shí)可能會(huì)在倫敦找到便宜貨，但總得說(shuō)來(lái)那不是一個(gè)購(gòu)物的便宜的地方。根據(jù)句義可知can表示有

7、時(shí)可能，有時(shí)會(huì)；故D正確。【舉一反三】It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A.must B.can C.should D.would答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。解析must必然, 一定；can可能；should應(yīng)該；would（過(guò)去）將, 總會(huì)。本題提供的語(yǔ)境是 “有時(shí)可能會(huì)”。五（2014福建卷）32. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around

8、 the world. A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣和省略【答案】A【解析】本題是一個(gè)if條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與現(xiàn)在相反，if從句中使用“過(guò)去時(shí)/were”，主句使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”；在if被省略的時(shí)候，要使用部分倒裝。句義：如果沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代的電信業(yè)，要想得到世界各地的消息，我們就不得不等幾個(gè)星期。故A正確。六（2014湖南卷）22.If Mr. Dewey _ present, he would have offered any possible assist

9、ance to the people there.A. wereB. had beenG. should beD. was【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣【答案】B【解析】本題考察的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，條件狀語(yǔ)從句要使用“過(guò)去完成時(shí)had done”，主句要使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”。句義：如果Mr Dewey在場(chǎng)，他就會(huì)向那里的人提供保證。根據(jù)本句后面主句中的would have offered說(shuō)明與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故從句中使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故B正確。【試題延伸】if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣非常重要，簡(jiǎn)要概括如下：1、表示與現(xiàn) 在事實(shí)相反的情況，從句：If

10、主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去時(shí)(Be動(dòng)詞用were)；主句：主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do：2、表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況，從句：If主語(yǔ)+had+done；主句：主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+have done3、表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的主觀推測(cè)，從句：if+主語(yǔ)+were to doif+主語(yǔ)+should+do if+主語(yǔ)+did（動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式）/were ；主句：主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do?！九e一反三】If may car _more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead

11、 of flying last summer.A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可知題干是表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done，選B。七（2014湖南卷）25. Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean we_ bring anything with us?A. cant B. mustntC. shant D. neednt【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義

12、辨析。cant不可能；不能；mustnt禁止，千萬(wàn)不能；neednt不必；不需要；句義：我已經(jīng)為野餐準(zhǔn)備了各種食物。你是指我們不必帶任何東西了？根據(jù)句義可知前者已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了一切食物，所以后者不需要帶任何東西。故D正確?！九e一反三】We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay notBneedntCcantDmustnt 【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法【解析】may not不可以，neednt不需要，cant不可能， mustnt絕不可能本句句意為：既然Suzie不和我們一起吃晚飯，所以我

13、們就不需要買(mǎi)這么多食物。八（2014江蘇卷）31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析【答案】C【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊意義。Might也許；would會(huì)，過(guò)去常常做某事；should應(yīng)該，竟然；could能夠；句意：讓我難過(guò)的是，如此貧窮的他們竟然給我?guī)?lái)了食物。根據(jù)句意可知本句中的should表示“竟然”。故C正確?！驹囶}延伸】在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中既要注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義，也要注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊意義，如

14、must偏偏，非得；should竟然；mustnt禁止，千萬(wàn)不能；等等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Shall用于所有人稱(chēng)，表示命令，警告，允諾；以及法律規(guī)定中要做的事情?！九e一反三】Its hard to believe that Jack _ have fought with the policeman. Yes. If one _ ask for trouble, it cant be helped.A. would; will B. must; may C. should; must D. need; dare【答案解析】C考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：難以置信，杰克竟然與警察打了一架。是的。如果一個(gè)人非要找麻煩，

15、實(shí)在沒(méi)法子。句中should表示“竟然”，must表示“硬要，非要”。九（2014江西卷）30. Life is unpredictable ; even the poorest _become the richest .A. shall B. must C. need D. might【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析【答案】D【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。Shall將要；must必須，一定；need需要；might也許；句義：生活是無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)的，甚至最貧窮的人也許會(huì)成為最富有的人。根據(jù)前句：Life is unpredictable。說(shuō)明一切都有可能，所以使用might表示存在的可能性。故D正

16、確。【試題延伸】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的情緒,態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ), 只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。can (could) 表示說(shuō)話(huà)人能,可以,同意,準(zhǔn)許,以及客觀條件許可；will, would用于疑問(wèn)句表示說(shuō)話(huà)人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢(xún)問(wèn),用 would 比 will 更婉轉(zhuǎn),客氣。Shall表示命令,警告,允諾,征求,勸告,建議驚奇。十（2014陜西卷）23. We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longe

17、r.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣【答案】C【解析】would rather后面的從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在將來(lái)相反，所以使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，如果與過(guò)去相反，要使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句義：我們寧愿我們的女兒待在家里，但是這是她的選擇，她已經(jīng)不再是孩子了。根據(jù)句義可知是與現(xiàn)在相反，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故C正確?！九e一反三】George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.

18、A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。解析would rather后應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 表示與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間相反, 用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式十一（2014陜西卷）25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who _ have taken it?A. need B. must C. should D. could 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法【答案】D【解析】本題考察的是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法。該結(jié)構(gòu)既可以表示虛擬，也可以表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。Need have don

19、e本可以做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做；must have done一定做了某事；should have done本應(yīng)該做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做；could have done可能做了某事/本可以做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做；句義：我的書(shū)The House of Hales,不見(jiàn)了。可能是誰(shuí)拿走了它呢？根據(jù)句義可知本句中的could have done表示“可能做了某事”。故D正確。十二（2014四川卷）6. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A. might B. must

20、C. would D. should【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特殊用法【答案】C 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Might也許；可能；must一定，必須；非得，偏偏；would將要，會(huì)；過(guò)去常常；should應(yīng)該，竟然；本句中的would表過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，可譯為“過(guò)去常?！保F(xiàn)在可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)做下去。區(qū)別于used to do過(guò)去常常做某事，通常表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不這樣做了。句意：我仍然記得我那幸福的童年，在那時(shí)我的母親常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂(lè)園。其余三項(xiàng)與上下文語(yǔ)境不相符。故C正確?！驹囶}延伸】在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中既要注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義，也要注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊意義，如must偏偏，非得；should竟然；must

21、nt禁止，千萬(wàn)不能；等等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Shall用于所有人稱(chēng)，表示命令，警告，允諾；以及法律規(guī)定中要做的事情?！九e一反三】Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?Itbe, but it is now heavily polluted.A.will B.would C.shouldD.must答案C考點(diǎn)考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別。解析will可用來(lái)表示 “意愿；客觀必然性等”；would可表示 “意愿；過(guò)去常常（現(xiàn)在也可能是那樣的）”；should表示 “應(yīng)該, 理應(yīng)”；must表示 “必然；一定, 準(zhǔn)是”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知, 此處用shou

22、ld表示虛擬。句意為： “這本來(lái)應(yīng)該是美麗的, 但是現(xiàn)在它被嚴(yán)重污染了。十三（2014天津卷）15. _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught【考點(diǎn)】考察省略和倒裝以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣【答案】D【解析】本題實(shí)際上是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。條件句中使用“過(guò)去完成式”，主句使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”；當(dāng)條件句中的if省略的時(shí)候，要把had提前形成部分

23、倒裝。句義：如果他趕上了早班火車(chē)，他就不會(huì)開(kāi)會(huì)遲到了。故D正確。十四（2014浙江卷 ）16. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _ to our help. A. would have come B. could come C. have come D. had come【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣【答案】A【解析】本句考察的是一個(gè)含蓄的虛擬條件句，句中的or相當(dāng)于if they had not gone abroad.因?yàn)榍懊婢渲惺褂玫氖莣ere，說(shuō)明這個(gè)虛

24、擬語(yǔ)氣是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，所以主句中使用的是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的形式。句意：在我們進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的這幾個(gè)月里，他們?cè)趪?guó)外，要不然，他們就會(huì)來(lái)幫助我們的。故A正確?！九e一反三】Hehave completed his work; or he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.should B.must C.wouldntD.cant答案B考點(diǎn)考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表猜測(cè)的用法。解析由句意 “他一定是已經(jīng)完成工作了；否則, 他就不會(huì)在海邊玩得那么高興?！笨芍菍?duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)。十五（2014重慶卷 ）3. Ive ordered some pizza , so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.A.cant B. dare not c. neednt D. may mot【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞【答案】C【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義辨析。Cant不可能；做不到；dare not不敢；neednt 不必；may not也許不；句意：我已經(jīng)點(diǎn)了一些披薩，所以當(dāng)我們很累地到家的使用，不必?fù)?dān)心做飯的問(wèn)題。Need既可以作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可以作為行為動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)它作為情態(tài)