高中虛擬語氣講解課件[1](1)

1、GrammarGrammarthe Subjunctive Mood虛虛 擬擬 語語 氣氣We met in this room . Do come to the meeting next Friday .If I were you , I would study hard . 陳述語氣陳述語氣祈使語氣祈使語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 英語動詞有英語動詞有 種語氣種語氣三三 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形是一種特殊的動詞形式式(verb structure), 用來表示說話用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實人所說的話不是一個事實 (fact)，而只是一種假設(shè)而只是一種假設(shè)(hypotheses )

2、愿望愿望(wishes)、建議、建議(suggestion) 或懷或懷疑疑(doubt)等等。等等。The definition of the Subjunctive Mood 虛擬語氣的考點虛擬語氣的考點 1、條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法；、條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法；2、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；3、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法;5、虛擬語氣時態(tài)的判定。、虛擬語氣時態(tài)的判定?，F(xiàn)在事實相反現(xiàn)在事實相反If從句從句主句主句與與現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在相相反反did（be用用were)Would /sh

3、ould/could / might +doEnjoy three sentences 1. If I were you ,I would get up early. 2. If I had enough money, I would buy a new car. 3. If he were Zhang Yusheng ,he might see the God.如果我再有一次機會的話，如果我再有一次機會的話，我會我會對哪個女孩說三個字：我愛你對哪個女孩說三個字：我愛你If I had one more chance, If I had one more chance, I would say

4、 to the girl I would say to the girl “I love you.”If從句從句主句主句與與過去過去相反相反had +doneWould /should/could/mighthave + done 過去事實相反過去事實相反Taste the following sentences 1. If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake. 2. If he hadnt made such a mistake, he could have been a winner. 3. If

5、I had left earlier, I could have caught the bus.TranslateIf從句從句主句主句與將來與將來事實相事實相反反Would /should/could/might do與將來事實相反與將來事實相反 1）did（be用用were) 2）were to+ do 3）should +doFeel the following sentences 1. If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out. 2. If I had enough money, I would buy a big house.

6、 3. If I shouldnt go to work tomorrow, I might go to the picnic with you.如果我有一千萬，我就能買一棟房子。如果我有一千萬，我就能買一棟房子。我有一千萬嗎？沒有。我有一千萬嗎？沒有。所以我仍然沒有房子。所以我仍然沒有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。我有翅膀嗎？沒有。我有翅膀嗎？沒有。所以我也沒辦法飛。所以我也沒辦法飛。如果把整個太平洋的水倒出，也澆不如果把整個太平洋的水倒出，也澆不熄我對你愛情的火熄我對你愛情的火 。整個太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？不行。整個太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？不行。所以我并不愛你。所

7、以我并不愛你。如果我有一千萬，我就能買一如果我有一千萬，我就能買一棟房子。棟房子。我有一千萬嗎？沒有。我有一千萬嗎？沒有。所以我仍然沒有房子。所以我仍然沒有房子。If I were to have 10 milliondollars, I would buy a house. Do I have 10 million dollars? No. Therefore I have no house. . Have a try 1. 如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。 我有翅膀嗎？沒有。我有翅膀嗎？沒有。 所以我也沒辦法飛。所以我也沒辦法飛。 2. 如果把整個太平洋的水倒出，也澆不如果

8、把整個太平洋的水倒出，也澆不熄我對你愛情的火熄我對你愛情的火 。 整個太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？不行。整個太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？不行。 所以我并不愛你。所以我并不愛你。1. If I were to have a pair of wings, I could fly. Do I have a pair of wings? No. Therefore I could not fly. 2. If I were to unload all the water from the Pacific Ocean, and still could not put out the love of fire t

9、hat I have for you. Can all the water from Pacific Ocean be unloaded? No. Therefore I do not love you.（2.）省略）省略 if 的條件從句的條件從句If I were a bird, I could fly in the sky.If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Were I a bird,I . Should he fail in the experiment省略省略 if 的條件從句的條件從

10、句If I had followed your advice, I wouldnt have made such foolish mistakes. Had I followed your advice,單句改錯 1.If I am you, I would take his advice. 2.If it will be my birthday tomorrow, I would get some gifts. 3. If I have met you yesterday, we would have gone to the cinema together. 4.If you had com

11、e a few minutes earlier, you have met him. 5.If he were come here tomorrow, I would tell him.單句語法填空 1.If I _ (be) you, I would study hard . 2.If I had money, I _(buy) a computer for my mother. 3.If you had come yesterday , you _would have seen _(see) her. 4.If you had _(get) up earlier, you would ha

12、ve caught that bus. 5.If it _ (rain) tomorrow, we would not go outing .句子改寫 1.If he were you, he couldnt be a loser. 2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. 3.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.（3.）用介詞短語代替條件狀語從句。含蓄條件）用介詞短語代替條件狀語從句。含蓄條件句句but that（要不是）、（要不是）、without（

13、沒有）、（沒有）、otherwise（否則）、（否則）、or（不然）、（不然）、undercircumstances（在（在的情況下）、的情況下）、in the past（在過去）（在過去）相當于相當于if it werent/hadnt been for.e.g.: Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help. But for his help, we would be working now. Without your instruction, I wo

14、uld not have made such great progress. We didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. （4)有時條件從句中的動作和結(jié)果從句中的動作有時條件從句中的動作和結(jié)果從句中的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，混合條件句主句與從句的動發(fā)生的時間不一致，混合條件句主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的作發(fā)生在不同的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，這叫做這叫做混合條混合條件句。件句。e.g.: If you

15、 had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.（從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。）（從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。） If it had rained last night (過去過去), it would be very cold today (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在).If he had followed the doctors advice, he would be quite all right now. I wish I _ to have a word I wish I _ to have a word with

16、 Danny when he was here with Danny when he was here last week.last week.A.A. had been ablehad been ableB.B. should be able should be ableC.C. have been able have been ableD.D. were able were able How I wish I _ as well as How I wish I _ as well as she.she.A.A.shall sing shall sing B.B. can sing can

17、sing C.C. could sing could sing D.D. should sing should sing（賓語從句中常見動詞賓語從句中常見動詞: 一個一個堅持堅持, 兩個兩個命命令令, 三個三個建議建議, 四個四個要求要求。即。即1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose4). demand, require, request, desireWe suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king o

18、rdered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如果注意：如果suggest, insist不表示不表示“建議建議” 或或“堅持要某人做某事堅持要某人做某事”時，即它們用于時，即它們用于其本意其本意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“堅持認為堅持認

19、為”時，時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。賓語從句用陳述語氣。His pale face suggested that he was illThe boy insisted that he was right.1. The guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospitals at once.obeywasbe sent（3）在主語從句表語從句，同位語從句中的應(yīng)用）在主語從句表語從句，同位語從句中

20、的應(yīng)用1）在）在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位從句中要用虛擬語等名詞后面的表語從句、同位從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（氣，即（should）+動詞原形。動詞原形。 demand (要求要求), desire (請求請求),requirment (要求要求) advice (勸告勸告), recommendation (建議建議),suggestion (建議建議) order (命令命令) necessity (必要地必要地), preference (優(yōu)先優(yōu)先) proposal (計劃計劃), plan (

21、計劃計劃), idea (辦法辦法)， recommendation以及以及plan，idea，resolution等。等。 The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone The advice is that we (should 可省略，可省略，)leave at once. My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. (idea, should + get) (表示做出主意表示做出主意) I m

22、ake a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 3. 狀語從句狀語從句 1)as ifas though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句引導(dǎo)的狀語從句 as ifas though（仿佛、好像）引起方式狀語（仿佛、好像）引起方式狀語從句，從句， a一般過去時一般過去時（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反）（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反） b過去完成時過去完成時（表示與過去事實相反）（表示與過去事實相反） cwould do（表示與將來事實相反）（表示與將來事實相反） You look as if you had seen a ghostHe looks as if he

23、 were his father.The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for many years. He seemed as though he had known everything.It looks as if it would be the last day for him.They talked and talked as if they would never meet again. Note: 如果句子表示的是陳述語氣，事實則如果句子表示的是陳述語氣，事實則要用陳述語氣要用陳述語氣e.g.: It looks

24、 as if it is going to rain because there are a lot of dark clouds.2)lestin case for fear that引導(dǎo)的狀語引導(dǎo)的狀語從句從句 lest（以防、以免）、（以防、以免）、in case（萬一、（萬一、以防）、以防）、for fear that（因恐、免得）引起的（因恐、免得）引起的狀語從句中，謂語動詞要使用（狀語從句中，謂語動詞要使用（should）do的形式。的形式。 The old woman walked slowly lest she（should）slip He took enough money

25、for fear that unexpected things should happen.He started out earlier lest he should be late.4. 定語從句定語從句Its (about/high) time +從句，表示從句，表示“該做而未做的事該做而未做的事”, 是一種婉轉(zhuǎn)是一種婉轉(zhuǎn)的建議的建議, 從句中的動詞用一般過從句中的動詞用一般過It is high time we began to work. Weve enjoyed the evening, but its time we went home.Its about time the boy

26、 learned to behave himself.虛擬語氣特殊句型：虛擬語氣特殊句型：5. if only 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來：did（were）had donewould do If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!6. would rather that現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來：I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont co

27、me. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done1. Without sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B would be C can be D must be 2 But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B would have arrived C arrive D arrived 1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination?

28、A. takes B. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldDB1. 判斷是否虛擬判斷是否虛擬2. 判斷虛擬類型判斷虛擬類型3. 判斷虛擬時間判斷虛擬時間1. If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last week. A. would buy B. had bought C. bought D. could have bought2. If

29、we were to be 200 years old, we _ everything. A. will change B. can change C. could change D. changed3. If you _ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A. didnt see B. havent seen C. wouldnt seen D. hadnt seen4. You are late. If you _ a little minutes earlier, you _ him. A. came, woul

30、d meet B. had come, would have met C. came, would have met D. were to come, would meet5. But for the storm, we _ a pleasant journey. A. should have B. have had C. would have D. should have had 6. _ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I7. Without the

31、 computer, the problem _ in such a short time. A. couldnt be solved B. wouldnt have solved C. couldnt have been solved 8. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. will be B. were to be C. would be D. is 9. “You are very selfish. Its high time you _ you are not the most important p

32、erson in the world,” Edgar said to his boss angrily. A. have realized B. realized C. realize D. should realize10. I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept11.I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible .

33、 A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 12 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could13. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there. A. not went B. wont go C. not go D. not to go14.The teacher demanded that the exa

34、m _ before eleven. A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished15.The commander ordered that we _ work. A. must finish B. finished C. should finish D. could finish16. Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill . A be B was C should be D is17.He insists he _right. A. were B. wa

35、s C. be D. is18.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try19 She made the demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be left20.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off21. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.(2010,天津天津)A. follo