UnitWomenofachievementGrammarPPT課件

1、Subject-Verb Agreement ( (主謂一致主謂一致)語法一致就近原則意義一致就遠原則“主語主語+ 附屬結(jié)構(gòu)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)” 作主語，謂語與作主語，謂語與主語主語一一致致即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語也用復數(shù)形式。即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。第1頁/共44頁語法一致即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語也用復數(shù)形式。第2頁/共44頁語法一致：1.當主語由and連結(jié)時，如果表示同一人或同一物時

2、，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，此時and后面的名詞無冠詞。 如 表示不同的人或物時, 謂語動詞用復數(shù)，此時and后面的名詞有冠詞。The worker and writer _(be) from Wuhan.那個工人兼作家 The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 isareThe League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. isB. was C. are D. were答案B. 注： 先從時態(tài)上考慮。這是過去發(fā)生的事情應用過去時，先排

3、除A.，C。本題易誤選D，因為The League secretary and monitor 好象是兩個人，但仔細辨別， monitor 前沒有the，在英語中，當一人兼數(shù)職時只在第一個職務前加定冠詞。后面的職務用and 相連。這樣本題主語為一個人，所以應選B。第3頁/共44頁The gift is used to have western meals.What is it?A knife and fork_ used to have meals.is第4頁/共44頁The singer and dancer _ on the stage.is第5頁/共44頁Going out for a

4、walk after supper is a good habit.晚飯后出去散步是一個好習慣。To see is to believe.眼見為實。Whether well go depends on the weather. 我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞。2.動詞不定式(短語), 動名詞(短語), 或從句作主語時, 謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。例如： 第6頁/共44頁Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished. 3.不定代詞不定代

5、詞somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主語，等作主語，謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式;hasbreaks第7頁/共44頁Two pictures _ on the wall, which attract many people.On the wall _ two pictures, which attract many people.Their teacher _ among the students, who

6、is in her thirties.Among the students _ their teacher, who is in her thirties.4.倒裝句中的語法一致倒裝句中的語法一致arearestandsstands第8頁/共44頁5 5、由分數(shù)或百分數(shù)、由分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+ +名詞作主語時，謂語動詞名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的的 形式與形式與of of 后面的名詞的數(shù)一致后面的名詞的數(shù)一致 即分數(shù)或百分數(shù)即分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+of+不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞或或單數(shù)單數(shù)名詞，名詞， 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù) 分數(shù)或百分數(shù)分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+of+復數(shù)復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用名詞，謂語動詞用

7、復復數(shù)數(shù) Ten percent of Ten percent of the pupilsthe pupils _ absent today. _ absent today. Three-fourths of Three-fourths of the surface the surface of the earth _ sea.of the earth _ sea.areis第9頁/共44頁Exercises 1. Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)2. Whether

8、 he comes or not _ of no matter. (is /are)3. To say _ one thing; to do _another. (is/are)4. Listening, speaking, reading and writing _four skills for English study. (is/are)5. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle. . (is/are) isisisisareare第10頁/共44頁意義一致即主語形式上為單

9、數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。第11頁/共44頁 1.由集體名詞,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主語時, ,如果看成一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式, ,如果看成其中各成員，則用復數(shù)形式. . His family isis very large.他家是一個大家庭。 His family areare music lovers.他的家人都是音樂愛好者。意義一致：第12頁/共4

10、4頁The group _ made up of nine students.The group_ dancing happily.is isareare第13頁/共44頁The team The team _ some good players. (have) some good players. (have)The team _ handsome. (be)The team _ handsome. (be)hashasareare第14頁/共44頁 Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.1.The

11、research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareis第15頁/共44頁6.The class (have, has) disagreed amo

12、ng themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 7.The government (has, have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.8.The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next years plan. havehashave注意：但集體名詞為 people, police, cattle等在多數(shù)情況下謂語動詞都用復數(shù)形式。9.The police_ (is, are

13、) searching for the thief.are第16頁/共44頁Neither dog _ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B2.代詞作主語第17頁/共44頁neither ofnone of不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞+可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞neither + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 謂語動詞用謂語動詞

14、用單數(shù)或復數(shù)單數(shù)或復數(shù)How to use none and neither謂語動詞用單數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)第18頁/共44頁3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready when the party began.4. None of them _ (has/have) watched the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B. have C. are D. was 2.Neither of them _ a good singer. A. was B.

15、is C. were D. is used to beCB第19頁/共44頁3.表示時間、距離、金錢等復數(shù)名詞作主語，表達一個整體概念時, 謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式;Two years _ passed since I left Ningbo;One million dollars _ a great sum of money.1.Every means _ been tried since then.A.has B. have C. are D. is 2. No news _ good news. (is / are)3. Maths / physics _ the subject that

16、I like most. (is / are)4.以以-s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等等作主語作主語, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;hasisisishas第20頁/共44頁e.g. Tom is one of the students who_ good at playing football.Tom is the only one of the students who_ good at playing foo

17、tball.areis 注意注意 在在“one of+ +復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞” ” 的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復 數(shù)形式；但是若前有數(shù)形式；但是若前有the only, , 將其限定為只將其限定為只有一個時有一個時, ,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式. .第21頁/共44頁5.thetheadj.adj.作主語作主語 thetheadj.adj., ,表示表示一類人一類人，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用復數(shù)復數(shù)，如，如the old, the old, the young, the rich, the poorthe young, the

18、rich, the poor等等 the+ the+ adj.,adj.,表示表示某個人某個人或或一類抽象的事物一類抽象的事物，謂語動詞，謂語動詞用用單數(shù)單數(shù)，如，如the beautiful, the goodthe beautiful, the good等等 The old _ taken good care of in our society.The old _ taken good care of in our society. The rich _ for the decision but the poor The rich _ for the decision but the po

19、or areare against it.against it. The wounded _ a young boy.The wounded _ a young boy. The beautiful _not always the same as the The beautiful _not always the same as the good.good.arearewasis第22頁/共44頁就近原則即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。第23頁/共44頁 A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only

20、 A but also B Verb就近原則：第24頁/共44頁1. 我們教室里有一臺電視機和56張桌子.There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.存在句: There be . 結(jié)構(gòu) Here There+Verb A and B A , B and C第25頁/共44頁Not only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he _ right. (is/a

21、re)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isisareis_第26頁/共44頁1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe第27頁/共44頁3. Not only

22、 I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another A. is B. are Cam Dbe4. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais B. are Cam Dbe5. Either she or you_ going to visit Beijing.A. is B. are Cam Dbe第28頁/共44頁6. Many a man_ the story.A. beli

23、eves B. believe 7.More than one man _died in the accident.A. has B. have 8.More than five men _died in the accident.A. has B. have AAB第29頁/共44頁就遠原則“主語主語+ 附屬結(jié)構(gòu)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)” 作主語，謂語與作主語，謂語與主語主語一致一致第30頁/共44頁當主語后面跟有當主語后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , b

24、ut , except, besides, ,including等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)由主語的單、復數(shù)而定。單、復數(shù)由主語的單、復數(shù)而定。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA就遠原則第31頁/共

25、44頁 A A 謂語動詞與第一個主語謂語動詞與第一個主語A A保持一致保持一致 All All butbut one _(be) here just now. one _(be) here just now. A library A library with with five thousand books _(be) offered to five thousand books _(be) offered to the nation as a gift.the nation as a gift. A peasant A peasant together withtogether with s

26、ome soldiers some soldiers _(be)_(be) about about to help us.to help us.withwithalong withalong withtogether withtogether withbesidesbesidesbutbutexceptexceptincludingincludingas well asas well asrather thanrather thanBwereisis第32頁/共44頁1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere

27、 Chas been Dhave been2A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come3. Everything, including the clothes, _ stolen that evening. A. is B. was C. are D. were第33頁/共44頁7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as well a

28、s the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 第34頁/共44頁Homework1.Finish exercises on pages 4-52. Finish workbook page 43 using structures 1,2,3.第35頁/共44頁Exercises 第36頁/共44頁1One or two

29、 days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam DbeExercises:第37頁/共44頁3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe4Not the teacher，but the students _ loo

30、king forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe第38頁/共44頁5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come第39頁/共44頁7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 第40頁/共44頁10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after a