初中英語被動語態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、語法復(fù)習(xí)之初中英語動詞語態(tài)講解考標(biāo)解讀 1.了解被動語態(tài)的用法，重點掌握 四種時態(tài)及情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成2.掌握被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊形式被動語態(tài)基本用法被動語態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語主語是動作的是動作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時，謂語時，謂語的形式是的形式是主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的作的承受者承受者時，謂語要用時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。被。被動語態(tài)由助動詞動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過通過be表現(xiàn)出來。表現(xiàn)出來。 何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動

2、作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：執(zhí)行者時。例如： my bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。我的自行車被盜了。 三、漢語中含有三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有人說有人說”、“大家說大家說”等時。例如：等時。例如： it is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and it was reported that her moth

3、er died of sars.眾所周知眾所周知 it is well known that 據(jù)推測說據(jù)推測說 it is supposed that 四、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如：四、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： he was born in october，1989 時態(tài)時態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時v(原形原形)/ v(e)sam/is/are +vpp一般過去時一般過去時v-edwas/were +vpp一般將來時一般將來時will +v(原形原形)will+ be +vpp現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時have/has vpphave/has been +v

4、pp含情態(tài)動詞含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ v(原原形形)情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ be +vpp要點突破 1.被動語態(tài)常見時態(tài)各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：you are invited to do this.2）一般過去時：一般過去時：the story was told by her.3）一般將來時：一般將來時：the problem will be discussed tomorrow.4)現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： thousands of trees have been planted in our city. 5)情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞： the

5、rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.1.1.一般可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的動詞為一般可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的動詞為及物動詞及物動詞2.2.bebe動詞動詞可根據(jù)可根據(jù)人稱人稱、時態(tài)時態(tài)、數(shù)數(shù)進(jìn)行變化進(jìn)行變化. .3.3.不特別強調(diào)不特別強調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者動作執(zhí)行者時，時，byby短語短語( (即即 byby和后面的賓語和后面的賓語) )一般可以省略一般可以省略注意事項：注意事項：1. 1.感官動詞感官動詞( (hear, see, watch, feel, notice等等) )和使役動詞和使役動詞( (let ,make have等等) )在主動語在主動語

6、態(tài)中后接不帶態(tài)中后接不帶toto的動詞不定式的動詞不定式, ,但是改為被動語但是改為被動語態(tài)時態(tài)時, , 把把toto加在動詞原形之前加在動詞原形之前. .they made the boys work 12 hours a day.-the boys were made _12 hours a day.we often see him go for a walk by the river.-he is often seen _for a walk by the river.要點突破 2被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊形式被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊形式to workto go2.帶雙賓語的句子有兩種改法帶雙賓語的句

7、子有兩種改法: 一般情況下把指人的一般情況下把指人的賓語作為被動句的主語賓語作為被動句的主語.當(dāng)把直接賓語物作為主語時，當(dāng)把直接賓語物作為主語時，要加介詞要加介詞to,如如give, bring, pass, read, teach, show等。等。加加for的動詞有的動詞有buy, sing, make, leave，mend等等1.he gave me a book.-a book _me by him.2.toms father bought him a book.-a book _ him by his father.was given towas bought for 3. 主動句

8、中含有賓語補足語句子的被動語態(tài)主動句中含有賓語補足語句子的被動語態(tài): :把人變?yōu)橹髡Z把人變?yōu)橹髡Z mother told me not to be late. i was told not to be late by mother. i saw mother planting flowers in the garden. mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.4. 短語動詞的被動語態(tài)短語動詞的被動語態(tài) i can take good care of the baby.-the baby can be taken good care of.

9、we should speak to the old politely.-the old should be spoken to politely. the rain stopped.不及物動詞（不及物動詞（vi.)不能用于被動語態(tài)。不能用于被動語態(tài)。happen, take place ,appear, disappear, belong to ,break out (爆發(fā)）爆發(fā)）5.不用被動語態(tài)的情況 a traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 連系動詞連系動詞（link.v.)不用被動語態(tài)不用被動語態(tài)，如be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become peking opera _ (sound