土建詞匯(英漢)

1、6-53建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、總交Aa flight of stairs 一段樓梯abaciscus 嵌飾abatis 榪槎abat-vent 固定百葉窗abode 住宅abscissa 橫座標(biāo)absolute construction 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)absolute height 絕對(duì)高度abut 支柱，柱腳abutting joint 對(duì)接接頭acceptance 接受，同意，驗(yàn)收acceptance certificate 驗(yàn)收證書(shū)acceptance check 驗(yàn)收acceptance of concrete work 混凝土工程的驗(yàn)收acceptance of hidden subsurface

2、work 隱蔽工程的驗(yàn)收acceptance specification 驗(yàn)收規(guī)范access 出（入）口，通路access board 便橋access corridor (platform bridge) from power block to office building on the operating floor 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)層上從主廠房到辦公樓的交通走廊（天橋）access door 便門(mén)，檢修門(mén)access eye 檢查孔access gully 交通溝，窨井，雨水口access hole 檢查孔access ramp 入口坡道access road 入口道路accessible du

3、ct 通行地溝accessories store 備品庫(kù)accommodation ladder 舷梯accommodation road 專(zhuān)用道路accompanying diagram 附圖accordion door 折疊門(mén)accordion partition 折疊式屏風(fēng)acid brick 耐酸磚acid lining 耐酸襯砌acid resisting alloy 耐酸合金acid resisting cement 耐酸水泥acid resisting concrete 耐酸混凝土acid resisting stoneware 耐酸陶器acid waste 酸性廢液acid-p

4、roof brick 耐酸磚acid-proof ceramic pipe 耐酸陶瓷管acid-proof mastic 耐酸膠泥acid-proof paint 耐酸油漆acid-proof varnish 耐酸清漆acid-protection coating 耐酸涂層acoustic absorbent 吸音材料acoustic construction 隔聲構(gòu)造acoustic design 聲學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)，音質(zhì)設(shè)計(jì)acoustic disturbance 聲干擾acoustic felt 吸音氈acoustic field 聲場(chǎng)acoustic plaster 吸音灰膏acoustic t

5、ile 吸音磚acoustic treatment 防聲處理acoustic vault 吸聲穹窿acoustical board 吸音板acoustical tile ceiling 吸音磚平頂ACP (asbestos cement pipe) 石棉水泥管across bulkhead 橫向隔墻across grain 橫向木紋acting surface 作用面actinic glass 光化玻璃，閃光玻璃action of gravity 重力作用action of pile group 群樁作用action radius 作用半徑activated carbon 活性碳active

6、fault 活動(dòng)斷層active pressure 主動(dòng)壓力active storage 有效容積，有效庫(kù)容active thrust of earth 主動(dòng)土壓力actual load 實(shí)際荷載acute arch 尖拱，銳拱adamant 硬石，金剛石adamic earth 紅粘土addendum 附加物，齒頂，附錄，補(bǔ)遺addition of clay 摻粘土addition of sand 摻砂additional disturbing force 附加擾力additional load 附加荷載additional pipe 支管，接長(zhǎng)管additive alternate 補(bǔ)充比

7、較方案A-derrick 人字起重機(jī)，動(dòng)臂起重機(jī)adfreezing force 凍附力adhesion 粘著力，附著力adhesion agent 膠粘劑，粘著劑adhesive 膠合劑，粘合劑adhesive bitumen primer 冷底子瀝青adhesive coating 粘附層adhesive film 粘附膜adhesive strength 粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度adhesive tape 膠帶adhesive water 吸附水，附著水，薄膜水a(chǎn)dhesive wax 封蠟，膠粘蠟adit collar 支洞洞口，平洞洞口adit entrance 坑道入口adit opening 坑

8、道入口adjacent accommodation 鄰近建筑物，廂房adjacent block （混凝土）相鄰澆筑塊adjacent country 相鄰地區(qū)adjacent lifts （混凝土）相鄰澆筑層adjacent map 相鄰圖adjacent plank 踢腳板，門(mén)頭線(xiàn)，門(mén)框邊挺adjoining building 鄰近房屋adjustable louver 可調(diào)百葉窗adjustable prop 可調(diào)支柱adjustable shelf 活動(dòng)架adjustable shore 可調(diào)支撐adjustable sieve 可調(diào)篩adjustable spanner 可調(diào)扳手，活

9、動(dòng)扳手adjuster for windows 撐窗桿adjusting device 調(diào)節(jié)裝置adjusting key 調(diào)整健adjusting link 調(diào)節(jié)聯(lián)桿adjusting nut 調(diào)整螺母，調(diào)節(jié)螺母adjusting rod 調(diào)整桿，調(diào)節(jié)桿adjusting screw 調(diào)整螺釘，校整螺釘adjusting shuttering 活動(dòng)模板adjusting wedge 調(diào)整鍥塊administration building 行政辦公樓administration office 行政辦公室admixture 摻合料adobe 灰質(zhì)粘土，磚坯，風(fēng)干磚，磚坯房，土墻adobe con

10、struction 土坯建筑adobe wall 土坯墻adretto 陽(yáng)坡adumbral 遮陽(yáng)的adumbration 輪廓，草圖，速描advance angle 前置角adverse wind 逆風(fēng)adz 刮刀，扁斧，錛子adz plane 刮刨adz-eye hammer 小鐵錘AE (air entraining) 加氣，摻氣AE (architect engineering) 建筑工程（公司）aeolian 風(fēng)成的，風(fēng)積的aeolian material 風(fēng)積物aeolian soil 風(fēng)積土aerated concrete 加氣混凝土aerated concrete block

11、加氣混凝土砌塊aerial 架空的，空氣的，架空線(xiàn)，天線(xiàn)aerial cable 架空電纜aerial cableway 架空索道aerial conductor 架空電線(xiàn)，明線(xiàn)aerial conveyer 架空輸送機(jī)aerial ladder 架空消防梯aerial lighthouse 航空燈塔aerial map 航測(cè)圖aerial perspective 空中透視aerial railway 高架鐵道aerial ropeway 架空索道，空中纜道aerial ropeway conveyer 架空索道輸送機(jī)aerial survey topographical map 航測(cè)地形圖a

12、erial tramway 架空電車(chē)道，高架電車(chē)道aerial view 鳥(niǎo)瞰圖aerial wire 天線(xiàn)，架空線(xiàn)aeroconcrete 加氣混凝土aerocrete 加氣混凝土aeroview 鳥(niǎo)瞰圖aesthetic standard 審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)after contraction 殘余收縮after flow 殘余塑性變形，蠕變after quake 余震after shock 余震after shrinkage 后期收縮after tack 軟化，回粘after treatment 二次處理after-working 后效age dating 年代測(cè)定，年齡測(cè)定age hardenin

13、g 時(shí)效硬化age of concrete 混凝土齡期age of specimen 試件齡期aged cement 老化水泥ageing crack 自然裂紋，時(shí)效裂紋ageing resistance 抗老化性，耐久性agglomerate 聚集，結(jié)塊，團(tuán)塊，燒結(jié)塊agglomerate-foam concrete 燒結(jié)礦渣泡沫混凝土aggradation 淤積，淤高，填積aggradation plain 沉積平原，淤積平原aggraded flood plain 洪積平原aggregate 骨料aggregate bin 骨料倉(cāng)aggregate chips 石屑aggregate g

14、radation 骨料級(jí)配，骨料分級(jí)aggregate grading 選配集料，集料級(jí)配aggregate reclaiming plant 骨料場(chǎng)，礫石料場(chǎng)aggregate roofing surface 骨料屋面aggregate size 骨料粒徑aggregate-cement ratio 骨料水泥比，骨灰比agitating device 攪拌裝置agitating lorry 攪拌車(chē)agitating truck 攪拌車(chē)agitation 攪拌，攪動(dòng)，拌和agitation dredging 攪動(dòng)挖泥agitator 攪拌機(jī)agraff 搭鉤，搭扣A-horizon 表土層，上

15、土層aiguille 鉆頭，鉆孔器aiming light 標(biāo)燈aiming line 瞄準(zhǔn)線(xiàn)aiming post 標(biāo)桿air brick 空心磚air bubble 氣泡，砂眼air casing 氣隔層air cavity 氣穴，空穴air cement gun 水泥噴槍air channel 通風(fēng)道，排氣道air chimney 通風(fēng)道，排氣道air chute 通風(fēng)道，排氣道air compressor station 空氣壓縮機(jī)房air flue 氣道，風(fēng)道，煙道air hammer 氣錘air painter 噴漆設(shè)備air passage 通風(fēng)道，排氣道air pick 風(fēng)鎬a

16、ir pile hammer 氣動(dòng)打樁機(jī)air pit 通風(fēng)井a(chǎn)ir pocket 氣穴，氣孔，麻點(diǎn)air rammer 氣動(dòng)夯錘air receiver 儲(chǔ)氣罐air stopping 擋風(fēng)（墻）air tamper 氣動(dòng)夯錘air void 氣孔，空隙air void ratio （土的）空隙比air well 通風(fēng)井a(chǎn)ir-curing 空氣養(yǎng)護(hù)air-free concrete 密實(shí)混凝土air-inflated structure 充氣結(jié)構(gòu)air-intake shaft 通風(fēng)豎井，進(jìn)氣豎井a(chǎn)ir-placed concrete 氣壓澆注混凝土air-tight door 密封門(mén)ai

17、rway 通氣孔，風(fēng)道，航空線(xiàn)aisle 通道，過(guò)道，走廊aisle gradient 通道坡度aisle wall 過(guò)道墻alameda 林蔭散步道albanite 地瀝清albertite 黑瀝清albronze 鋁青銅，銅鋁合金alclad 鍍鋁的，包鋁的，襯鋁alfalfa gate 金屬板滑動(dòng)門(mén)，螺旋式閘門(mén)alignment 定線(xiàn)，找平，對(duì)齊alignment design 定線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)alkali earth 堿（性）土all-brick building 全磚建筑all-concrete 全混凝土的allen screw 六角固定螺釘alley-stone 礬石all-haydite

18、 concrete 全陶?；炷羇lligator-hide crack 龜裂a(bǔ)lligatoring 龜裂，表面裂痕all-in aggregate 毛骨料allowable amplitude 容許振幅allowable bearing capacity 容許承載力allowable bearing pressure 容許承載力allowable error 容許誤差allowable factor of safety 容許安全系數(shù)allowable flexural stress 容許彎曲應(yīng)力allowable load 容許荷載allowable pile bearing load 單

19、樁容許荷載allowable pressure 容許壓力allowable settlement 容許沉降量allowable strength 容許強(qiáng)度allowable stress design (ASD) 許用應(yīng)力設(shè)計(jì)allowable value 容許值alloy 合金alpine road 高山道路alpine valley 高山河谷alternate bay 隔倉(cāng)alternate design 比較設(shè)計(jì)（方案）alternate joint 錯(cuò)縫，錯(cuò)列接頭alternate layout 比較設(shè)計(jì)（方案），比較布置（方案）alternate load 交變荷載alternate

20、 tooth slot 交錯(cuò)齒縫alternating bending 反復(fù)彎曲alternating load 交變荷載alternating motion 往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)alternating stress 交變應(yīng)力altitude 高程，海拔，高度altitude difference 高度差altitude gage 高度計(jì)，測(cè)高儀altitude level 測(cè)高水準(zhǔn)儀alum 明礬，硫酸鋁aluminium frame door 鋁框門(mén)alure 廊道，通道，院廊ambient temperature 環(huán)境溫度，室溫ambulatory 回廊，步道amended plan 修正計(jì)劃，修正

21、平面圖amount of precipitation 降雨量amplitude of vibration 振幅amusement hall 娛樂(lè)廳anchor 地錨anchor bar 錨固筋anchor bolt 地腳螺栓anchorage 拋錨，錨固，錨具，錨座anchorage beam 錨梁anchorage bearing 錨座anchorage block 錨墩，錨塊anchorage cable 錨索anchorage length 錨固長(zhǎng)度anchorage pier 錨墩anchored sheet piling 錨定式板樁ancon 肋托，懸臂托梁angle 角鋼angle

22、 bar 角鐵，角鋼angle bead 護(hù)角，角條angle bond 角砌合，墻角拉筋，角形彎條angle brace 角撐angle branch 彎管，肋管angle catch 窗插銷(xiāo)angle cleat 連接角鋼angle fillet 三角焊縫，三角形蓋板angle of repose （堆料的）安息角，休止角annex room 前室，輔助小室anodized natural aluminium colour 陽(yáng)極化處理天然鋁色an-seismic 抗震的anta 壁端柱antechamber 前廳，接待室antefix 檐口飾antehall 前廳anteklise 臺(tái)背斜

23、，陸背斜anteport 外門(mén)，外檻anteroom 前廳antesolariun 朝日陽(yáng)臺(tái)ante-venna 遮陽(yáng)板，遮陽(yáng)棚anti-abrasive 耐磨損的antibreaker 防碎裝置anti-checking iron 扒釘，防裂鉤anti-corrosion 防腐蝕anticorrosive paint 防腐涂料，防銹油漆anti-dazzle lighting 防眩燈光antidetonation 防爆，抗爆antidetonator 防爆劑，抗爆劑anti-dirt 防塵antidrip 防滴，防漏antifatigue 耐疲勞anti-fluctuator 緩沖器anti

24、frost 防凍的，防霜的antiknock 減振，消振antinoise 防噪聲的，抗噪聲的anti-overloading 防過(guò)載的antioxidant 抗氧化劑，防老化劑antipollution 防污染antiputrefactive 防腐的antiresonance 防共振，防共鳴anti-rolling 防滾動(dòng)的antirot 防腐的antirust 防銹的antirust coat 防銹涂層antirust composition 防銹混合劑antirust grease 防銹脂antirust oil 防銹油antirust paint 防銹漆，防銹涂料antirust so

25、lution 防銹溶液antirust varnish 防銹清漆antiscale 防垢antiseep collar 防滲環(huán)antiseepage 防滲漏anti-seismic 防震的，抗震的anti-seismic joint 抗震縫anti-settling agent 抗沉淀劑anti-shrink 抗縮的，耐縮的antiskid 防滑，抗滑anti-slide pile 抗滑樁anti-sludge 抗淤沉，去垢anti-superheating 防止過(guò)熱（裝置）anti-symmetrical load 反對(duì)稱(chēng)荷載，不對(duì)稱(chēng)荷載antisyphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti

26、-thrust 止推的anti-wind beam 抗風(fēng)梁anvil 鐵砧，砧座，基準(zhǔn)面，平臺(tái)anvil block 砧座apatite 磷灰石aperture 小孔，壁孔，開(kāi)口，縫隙apex angle 頂角apex of arch 拱頂A-pole A形柱apomecometer 測(cè)距儀aposandstone 石英巖appearance of fracture 斷口形狀，斷口外觀appentice 廂房，耳房apple coal 瀝清煤application of force 施力application of load 施加荷載application program 應(yīng)用程序applie

27、d force 外加力applied load 外加荷載applied moment 外施力矩applied thrust 外施推力approach bank 引堤approach bridge 引橋approach channel 引水渠，引航道，進(jìn)港航道approach cutting 進(jìn)洞引道挖方，引橋挖方approach embankment 引道路堤approach fill 引道填方，引橋approach ramp 引道斜坡段，引橋坡道approach road 引路，引道approach segment 臨近段，臨近部分approach sign 引道標(biāo)志approach spa

28、n 引橋跨，岸跨approach trench 交通溝，窨井，雨水口approach trestle 引道棧橋approach viaduct 高架引橋apron 散水a(chǎn)pron flashing 遮檐板，披水板apron piece 遮檐板，披水板apron space 碼頭前沿區(qū)apron stone 護(hù)腳石apron wall 前護(hù)墻apse 半圓室apse-buttress 半圓室支墩apsidal 半圓室的apt (apartment) 一套房間，公寓apteral 無(wú)側(cè)柱的aqua storage tank 儲(chǔ)水池aqueduct bridge 渠橋，渡槽araeosystyle

29、對(duì)柱式的，對(duì)柱式建筑物arc melting 電弧溶化arc welding 電弧焊arc welding set 電弧焊機(jī)arcade 有拱廊的走道arcaded 有拱廊的，有拱頂?shù)腶rch 拱arch abutment 拱座，拱壩壩肩arch bar 拱板arch barrel 拱形筒殼arch block 拱塊，拱面石arch bond 拱砌合arch brick 拱形磚arch bridge 拱橋arch buttress 拱形支墩arch camber 拱矢，起拱arch cover 拱板，拱形屋蓋arch crown 拱冠，拱頂arch falsework 拱形腳手架arch hi

30、nged at ends 雙鉸拱arch in trellis work 格形拱arch limb 拱翼arch-braced roof 拱支屋頂arch-core 拱心arched 起拱的arched dome 圓頂穹窿arched roof 拱形屋頂arch-flat 平拱arching 架拱，形成拱狀，起拱作用archit (architecture) 建筑學(xué)architect 建筑師architective 建筑的，關(guān)于建筑的architectonic 建筑術(shù)的，構(gòu)造的，結(jié)構(gòu)的architectonics 建筑原理，建筑學(xué)，建筑設(shè)計(jì)，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)architectural 建筑上的，建筑學(xué)

31、的architectural appearance and elevational treatment 建筑外觀和立面處理architectural compatibility 建筑調(diào)和性，建筑協(xié)調(diào)性architectural complex 建筑群，建筑綜合體architectural composition 建筑構(gòu)造architectural design 建筑設(shè)計(jì)architectural ornament 建筑裝飾物architectural style 建筑風(fēng)格，建筑式樣architectural treatment 建筑處理architecture 建筑學(xué)，建筑藝術(shù)architra

32、ve 框緣，（柱的）下楣，嵌線(xiàn)archives 檔案，檔案館archway 拱廊，拱道archy 拱形的arciform 拱形的，弓形的arcuated 拱式的，弓形的are 公畝（等于100平方米）area drain 露天排水斗，地面排水溝area grating 陰井格蓋area load 面荷載area method 面積法area of building 建筑面積area of pile head 樁頭面積area of pumping depression 抽水降水區(qū)，抽水漏斗區(qū)area of reinforcement 鋼筋面積area of section 截面積area of

33、 steel 鋼筋面積area of structure 構(gòu)筑物面積area of supply 補(bǔ)給區(qū)，補(bǔ)給面積area-moment method 力矩面積法，面積法areaway （建筑物之間的）通道，（地下室前的）空地arenaceous 砂質(zhì)的，多砂的arenaceous limestone 砂質(zhì)石灰?guī)rarenaceous quartz 石英砂arenaceous rock 砂質(zhì)巖arenose 粗砂arenyte 粗屑巖，砂粒巖argil 白土，陶土，礬土argilla 陶土，高齡土，鋁氧土argillaceous 泥質(zhì)的，含陶土的，粘土質(zhì)的argillaceous rock 泥質(zhì)

34、巖argillaceous sandstone 泥質(zhì)砂巖arid 干旱的arm 桿，臂，支架，扶手arm crane 懸臂式起重機(jī)arm of balance 平衡臂，秤桿arm of couple 力偶臂arm of force 力臂arm of wheel 輪輻armature 電樞，加強(qiáng)料，鋼筋，附件arm-brace 撐腳armchair 扶手椅armor coat 護(hù)層armor course 道路護(hù)面層armor layer 護(hù)面層armor-clad 鎧裝的armored 包鐵皮的armored concrete 鋼筋混凝土armored door 裝甲門(mén)，防火門(mén)armored

35、glass 鋼化玻璃，防彈玻璃armored wood 包鐵木材armrest 扶手，靠手arm-tie 橫臂拉條，斜撐，拉板arrangement drawing of the power plant area 電廠廠區(qū)布置圖arrangement of the underground facilities for the power plant area 電廠廠區(qū)地下設(shè)施布置arrester 避雷器arris 棱（角），尖脊arris gutter V形檐槽arris of joint 接縫圓角arris of slab 板棱，板肋arris rail 三角軌arris-wise 成對(duì)角方

36、向（砌磚）arroyo 干河道，旱谷，小河ARS (asbestos roof shingle) 石棉屋頂瓦art glass 彩色藝術(shù)玻璃arterial canal 干渠，總渠arterial drain 排水干溝arterial highway 干線(xiàn)公路arterial railway 干線(xiàn)鐵路arterial road 干線(xiàn)道路arterial street 干線(xiàn)街道，主要街道artery 干線(xiàn)，大道，大路，動(dòng)脈artesian (flowing) well 自流井a(chǎn)rtesian fountain 自噴噴泉artesian ground water 自流地下水a(chǎn)rticulated

37、鉸接的articulated construction 裝配式結(jié)構(gòu)，活節(jié)式結(jié)構(gòu)articulated dumper 鉸接式翻斗車(chē)articulation 鉸，關(guān)節(jié)，接合（方式）artificial 人工的，人造的artificial ground 人工地基artisan 技工，工匠artistry 藝術(shù)形，藝術(shù)手法，效果as per . 按照.asb (asbestos) 石棉asbestic tile 石棉瓦asbeston 防火布asbestonite 石棉絕熱材料asbestophalt 石棉瀝青as-built drawing 竣工圖ascent 爬高，上升，坡度，斜坡，（一段）階梯a

38、s-dug gravel 原狀礫石aseismic design 抗震設(shè)計(jì)aseismic region 無(wú)地震區(qū)aseismic structure 抗震結(jié)構(gòu)aseptic 無(wú)菌的，防腐的，防腐劑ash 灰，粉塵，火山灰，煤渣，槐木ash bed 火山灰層ash bin 出灰桶，垃圾桶ash can 垃圾桶ash cellar 灰坑ash dump 灰堆a(bǔ)sh hole 出灰口ash sluicing pump house 沖灰泵房ash water pump house 灰水泵房ashl (ashlar) 琢石，方石，條石，（裝飾墻面的）石板ashlar facing 琢石鑲面ashlar

39、ing 砌方石墻面，貼方石墻面ASL (above sea level) 海拔高度aspect 方向，方位，狀況，形狀，外觀aspect of slope 坡向aspect ratio 長(zhǎng)寬比，長(zhǎng)徑比，形態(tài)比asphalite 瀝青礦，瀝青巖asphalt base oil 瀝青冷底子油asphalt board strip 瀝青填縫條asphalt built-up roofing 瀝青組合屋面asphalt felt 油毛氈asphalt jute cloth 瀝青黃麻布assembling jig 裝配機(jī)架，裝配夾具assembling joint 裝配接頭assembly drawin

40、g 裝配圖，組裝圖assembly shop 裝配車(chē)間assessable land 可征土地asymmetric configuration 不對(duì)稱(chēng)結(jié)構(gòu)at one pouring 一次澆灌at ones own cost (expense) 由某人自己出錢(qián)at ones own risk 承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，（損失）自己負(fù)責(zé)ATC (acoustical tile ceiling) 吸聲磚吊頂ATF (asphalt tile floor) 瀝青磚地面atomizing spraying 霧化噴涂atrium 天井，前廳，門(mén)廊attached building 附聯(lián)建筑物，配套建筑物attached

41、 pier 扶垛，支墩attachment link 連接桿attachment screw 連接螺釘，止動(dòng)螺釘attic 頂樓，閣樓，屋頂室attic story 閣樓，屋頂層attle 廢礦渣audience chamber 接見(jiàn)室，會(huì)見(jiàn)室audience room 接見(jiàn)室，會(huì)見(jiàn)室auditorium 大會(huì)堂，音樂(lè)廳auger 螺旋鉆，麻花鉆auger bit 螺旋鉆頭auger hole 鉆孔auger stem 螺旋鉆桿auget 雷管austral window 南窗，滑動(dòng)窗，推拉窗autobahn 高速公路，快車(chē)道autocrane 汽車(chē)式起重機(jī)automatic door 自動(dòng)門(mén)

42、auxiliary stair 便梯auxiliary station 副廠房auxiliary structure 輔助建筑avalanche 崩落，崩塌，雪崩avalanche baffle 塌方防御設(shè)施avalanche control works 防崩工程avalanche defence 防塌，崩塌防護(hù)avalanche prevention works 防坍工程avenue 林蔭道，道路，（南北向）街道average annual precipitation 平均年降水量average annual rainfall 平均年降雨量average annual runoff 平均年涇

43、流量average grading 平均級(jí)配average grain diameter 平均粒徑avoid any glare on the panels 避免盤(pán)上有任何眩光award of contract 簽訂合同awn (awning) 遮篷，涼篷，雨篷awning type window 篷式窗axed arch 斧斬拱面axial compression 軸向壓縮，軸向受壓axial elongation 軸向伸長(zhǎng)axial force 軸向力axial load 軸向荷載axial strain 軸向應(yīng)變axial stress 軸向應(yīng)力axial symmetry 軸對(duì)稱(chēng)axi

44、al tension 軸向拉伸，軸向受拉axial torque 軸向轉(zhuǎn)矩，軸向扭矩axial translation 軸向位移axis 軸，軸線(xiàn)axisymmetric 軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的axonometric projection 三向投影，不等角投影axonometry 軸測(cè)法，三向正投法azimuth 方位角，地平經(jīng)度azimuth mark 方位標(biāo)azimuth-elevation 方位-高程azimuth-range 方位-距離azure spar 天蘭石azure stone 天蘭石，青金石BB&S (beam and stringers) 橫梁與縱梁back arch 拱背，墻內(nèi)

45、暗拱back bead 封低焊道，填角焊縫back brace 后部斜撐back coat 底層涂料back cutting 回挖，必要的超挖部分back drain 墻背排水管back elevation 后視圖back filling 回填土back flap 里扉，里垂簾back guy 拉攬，牽索back heading 通風(fēng)巷道back house 后屋back joint 待填槽back leg 背面支柱back lining 背襯，背襯料back nail 平釘back nut 防松螺帽，反向螺帽back of arch 拱背back of levee 堤背back shop 修

46、理廠，修理車(chē)間back shore 背撐，頂撐back shutter 里百葉窗back stair 后樓梯back view 后視圖，背視圖back wall 后墻，胸墻backboard 底板，后板，背靠，背后擋板backbone 骨干，骨架，構(gòu)架，主干backbone road 干道backer 支持物，襯墊物backer brick 墻心磚，背襯梁backfill 回填土back-filled 回填backfilling tamper 回填夯back-flap hinge 明鉸鏈backform 后模，頂模backhaul cable 后拖纜繩backing 反向，后退，支架，靠背，背

47、襯，里壁backing brick 墻心磚，背襯磚backing of veneer 飾面板里層backing of wall 墻托backing of window 窗托backing plank 襯板backing sand 填充砂backing strip 墊板back-land 腹地，后方backplan 底視圖backsetting （砌墻）收進(jìn)backstay 拉索backstay anchor 拉索錨定backstay cable 拉索backstop 托架，止回器，后障back-to-back angles T形組合角鋼，背靠背組合角鋼back-up brick 墻心磚，襯里磚

48、back-up plate 墊片backyard 后院，后天井badigeon 油灰badland 荒原，瘠地，崎嶇地badly graded sand 級(jí)配不良砂baffle board 擋板，折流板，隔音板baffle mixing chamber 隔板式混合池baffle pier 消力墩，分水墩baffle plate 擋板，隔板，遮護(hù)板，折流板，門(mén)檻baffle reaction chamber 隔板式反應(yīng)池baffle sill 消力檻，門(mén)檻baffle structure 消力設(shè)施，消力建筑物baffle wall 消力墻，分水墻baffler 擋板，隔墻，消聲器，導(dǎo)流板，消力器

49、baffle-type 擋板式的，百葉窗式的bag dam 土袋埝壩bagged cement 袋裝水泥baghouse 集塵室，沉渣室bagwork 砂包，袋裝干拌混凝土bail 戽斗，桶，橫木，吊環(huán)，鉤，卡釘bailer 水斗，泥漿泵，抽泥桶bailey bridge 活動(dòng)便橋bailey span 貝利式（桁架）橋跨bailey truss 貝利式桁架bakelite 酚醛塑料，膠木，電木baking finish 烤漆，烘漆balance cuts and fills 均衡挖填，挖填土方平衡balance of arch 拱腳balanced earthwork 平衡土方工程balan

50、ced sash 平衡式窗框，平衡式窗扇balanced step 均衡踏步，平衡階梯balconied 有陽(yáng)臺(tái)的balcony 陽(yáng)臺(tái)baling 腳手桿balk 大梁，枕木balk board 隔板，障礙板，防護(hù)板balk roofing 重屋面ball bonding 球焊，球形接頭，鉸節(jié)ball flower 圓球飾ball joint 球節(jié)，球窩接頭ballast 壓艙物，壓塊，道渣，碎石，石渣ballast bed 石渣路基ballast chamber 壓塊室，平衡重室ballast concrete 石渣混凝土ballast road 石渣路ballasted 鋪道渣的balla

51、sted deck 鋪道渣（鐵路）橋面ballasted floor 鋪渣橋面balling-up of cement 水泥（受潮）起球balloon construction 輕型構(gòu)造，輕型結(jié)構(gòu)balloon frame 輕型骨架balsa wood 輕木，軟木Baltimore truss 平行弦再分式桁架baluster 欄桿小柱baluster column 欄桿柱baluster railing 立柱欄桿balustrade 欄桿，扶手bamboo 竹材bamboo concrete 竹筋混凝土bamboo fence 竹籬笆bamboo scaffolding 竹材腳手架band

52、and gudgeon 長(zhǎng)鉸，大門(mén)門(mén)鉸band iron 扁鐵條，（窄）帶鋼band molding 帶狀線(xiàn)腳band rope 扁鋼絲繩band tape 卷尺bandage 繃帶，防潮帶，鐵箍，紐繩banded architrave 帶飾門(mén)頭線(xiàn)banded column 帶飾柱，箍柱banded penstock 加箍壓力鋼管banded steel pipe 加箍鋼管bandlet 細(xì)帶banister 欄桿小柱banister brush 軟毛刷banjo fixing 對(duì)接接頭bank caving 淘岸，塌岸bank cutting 河岸侵蝕bank erosion 堤岸沖刷bank grading 河岸修坡ban