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1、精品資料歡迎下載定語(yǔ)從句 1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句一、 考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧【詞匯辨析】1.every day & everydayevery day “每天”,作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。everyday 是形容詞,“每天的,日常的”。eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天學(xué)一些日常英語(yǔ)。He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡覺很晚。2. between & amongbetween 常用于表示兩者之間,或用于表示三者或三者以上的眾多事物兩兩之間among 一般指在三者或三者以上眾多事物之中。eg: T

2、om is between Ann and Mary.湯姆在安和瑪麗之間。They talked among themselves while they waited.他們一邊等著一邊互相談話【固定搭配】 to do / doing在英語(yǔ)中,有些動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后既可以接不定式,也可以接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ),但意思不同1.forget to do 忘記做某事forget doing 做過某事忘了I msorry I forgot to post the letter.I forgot telling him the news the other day.2. stop to do 停下來做某事He st

3、opped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday.stop doing 停止做某事Please stop talking loudly in the library.3.try to do 盡力做某事I tryll to get there before sunset. 我將盡量在日落前趕到那里。try doing 試著做某事Why not try knocking at the back door?為什么不試一試敲后門?4.regret to do 遺憾地將做某事I regret to say that I can tgo

4、with you.regret doing 后悔做過某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English.【關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句】(一)、定義: 在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句是指在一個(gè)句子中作定語(yǔ)的句子,定語(yǔ)從句要放在所修飾的詞后。如: 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do .上面兩句中的man 和 everything 是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞,叫先行詞

5、,定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞 that, which, who( 賓格 whom, 所有格 whose)和關(guān)系副詞 where, when 、why關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用:1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分(二)、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who 指人,在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),??墒÷?。(1) Mr. Li

6、u is the person (whom) you talked about .注意:關(guān)系代詞whom 在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who 代替,可省略。精品資料歡迎下載(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which 指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ)

7、 )4. that 指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于 who 或者 whom ;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于 which 。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning ? (在句子中做賓語(yǔ) )5. whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whos

8、e roof has fallen in.whose 指物時(shí),常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the bookwhose color is yellow?=Do you like the bookis yellow?【總結(jié)】:一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等句子成分。如:代替人代替物代替人或物主語(yǔ)whowhicht

9、hat賓語(yǔ)whom whowhichthat定語(yǔ)whose( of whom )whose( of which )1.This is the doctor who came from London.2.The book which that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.3. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.4. This is the room that which Shakespeare was born in.二、使用關(guān)系代詞時(shí)應(yīng)注意 以下幾點(diǎn):1如果先行詞是all , anything

10、, something, nothing , everything , little , none 等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般 只用 that,不用 which。例如: All that are present burst into tears.2如果先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)以及first ,last,any,only ,few, much,no,some,very 等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常 用 that, 不用 which。例如: The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.精品資料歡迎下載3 which 還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導(dǎo)

11、從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句,代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中,which 可以 作主 語(yǔ),也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),多數(shù)情況下意思與and this 相似。例如: He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.4先行詞中 既有人又有物時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 that。例如: The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.5 “介詞關(guān)系代詞”可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in, on, ab

12、out, from, for, with, to, at, of, without等,關(guān)系代詞常常只可用 whom 或 which,不 可用that。例如: The room in which t here is a machine is a workshop.像 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of 等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開。例如: This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二、 典型例題()1、 -Do you know the man

13、 _is talking with your father?-Yes, he s our headmaster.A. heB. whoC. whichD. whom)2、 The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister.A. which ; isB. whom ; wasC. who; isD. who ; was)3、 Have you seen the film Titanic _actors are very famous?A whoB whoseC thatD whom)4、 Ann asked the policeman _he wor

14、ked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A with himB with whomC whoD whom)5、 A child _parents are dead is called an orphan.A whichB hisC whoseD with)6、 This is the reason _ he told me.A 、thatB 、whyC、 on whichD 、for that)7、 Do you know the scientist _ gave us a talk just now?A. whoB. whomC.

15、whichD. whose)8、 This is the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. whom)9Shaolin Temple _lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home andabroad.A. whereB. whichC. whoD. what)10、 Do you know the girl _ is standing under the tree? She is my little siste

16、r.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which精品資料歡迎下載三、課后練習(xí)()1. Beijing is the 29th city _ holds the Olympic Games.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. what)2. Have you read the book _ I gave you yesterday?A. thatB. whenC. where)3. The man _ came to our party with a present is my old friend.A. whenB. whichC. who)4. I like w

17、riters _ write short stories.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. who)5. This is the question _ we are talking about now.A. thatB. whoC. whereD. when)6. What are you looking for? I am looking for the book _ I bought yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. whose()7. Jack, there is someone in the office _ would like to speak

18、with you.A. whoB. whichC. whom()8. If a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _ works hard.A. whichB. /C. whomD. who()9. Many young people prefer the songs _ have great lyrics.A. whichB. whoC. whereD. whom()10. Even teachers can t understand some expressions their students use

19、 in daily life.A. whoseB. whoC. thatD. whom()11. The bridge _ a big ship can go has been built.A. under whichB. under thatC. in whichD. on which()12. The book _ is torn is mine.A. the cover of whichB. the cover of thatC. which the coverD. whose cover of()13. He talked about the classmates and the sc

20、hool _ he had visited.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. about which()14. You have seen the girl _ sister is a Chinese teacher.A. whomB. of whomC. whoseD. of which()15. We should do all _ is useful to people.A. /B. thatC. itD. which()16. We came to a place _ they had never paid a visit before.A. whichB. in whi

21、chC. on whichD. to which()17. Those _ finished doing it put up your hands.A. who haveB. who hasC. which haveD. have精品資料歡迎下載()19. The man _ was a friend of mine.A. that you just talked toB. whom you just talked to himC. who you just talked to himD. which you just talked to()20. I went to the school _

22、 my father once worked.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. on which()21. I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _has agreat effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who()22. The weather turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.

23、A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it()23. Carol said the work would be done by October, _personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which()24. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the othersunhappy.A. whoB. whichC. thisD. what()25. Have you seen the film &quo

24、t;Titanic", _ leading actor is world famous?A. itsB. it'sC. whoseD. which精品資料歡迎下載典型例題1B2C3b4b5c6a7a8a9b10a課后練習(xí)1B2A3D4D5-9ABADA10C11 解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞。基本常識(shí):定語(yǔ)從句隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞由搭配介詞+which/whom 構(gòu)成,先行詞指人用前者,先行詞指事/ 物用后者。定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的判斷方法為將先行詞想方設(shè)法放入從句,使從句成為一個(gè)完整且有先行詞成分的陳述句。此句中,先行詞為the bridge; 從句為 a big ship c

25、an go, 二者構(gòu)成的完整句為A big ship can go under the bridge.因此,答案為A12 解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞以及所屬關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞。此句中先行詞為the book, 從句應(yīng)為cover is torn, 二者構(gòu)成的完整句為the cover of the book is torn.因此隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞結(jié)構(gòu)為the cover of which 或所屬關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞結(jié)構(gòu)whose cover.因此,答案為A13 解析:考查先行詞即指人又指物的定語(yǔ)從句相同意思引導(dǎo)詞。定語(yǔ)從句相同意思引導(dǎo)詞基本要點(diǎn),無論限定性還是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的主賓表引導(dǎo)詞均為相同意思引導(dǎo)

26、詞。先行詞指事物的情況,用引導(dǎo)詞which. 此句中,先行詞為 the classmates and the school, 從句為 he had visited, 二者構(gòu)成的完整句為 He had visited the classmates and the school. 所以不難發(fā)現(xiàn)先行詞在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作visited 的賓語(yǔ)使用,先行詞既指人又指物。 因此,答案為 B14 解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句所屬關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞。此句先行詞為the girl ,定語(yǔ)從句為sister is a Chinese teacher,二者構(gòu)成的完整句為 The girl's sister is a Chi

27、nese teacher. 先行詞的 's 所有格構(gòu)成的所屬關(guān)系結(jié)構(gòu)在從句中作定語(yǔ)。因此,答案只能為 C.定語(yǔ)從句固定關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞相關(guān)要點(diǎn):先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中除作從句主賓表成分以外的成分,均為相關(guān)意思引導(dǎo)詞,其中包括固定關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞和隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞。固定關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞只有when( 時(shí)間關(guān)系 ),where(地點(diǎn)關(guān)系), why( 先行詞為 the reason,原因關(guān)系) whose(所屬關(guān)系,包括 's 所有格關(guān)系和of 所有格關(guān)系,由 whose 修飾的名詞成分前不能用冠詞成分,whose 應(yīng)為名詞的前置性定語(yǔ)成分) ;隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞為相關(guān)搭配介詞+which/whom 構(gòu)成

28、的引導(dǎo)詞結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)。15 解析:考查限定性定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞為不定代詞的相同意思引導(dǎo)詞。此句中先行詞all 為不定代詞,從句為is useful topeople,從句缺主語(yǔ),二者構(gòu)成的完整句為All is useful to people. 為了便于理解, All =All the things/ everything.所以從句的完整句還可以寫成 Everything is useful to people;或 All the things are useful to people. 因此,答案為 B16 解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句隨意性關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞。此句先行詞為a place, 從句為 they had

29、 never paid a visit before,二者構(gòu)成的完整句為 They had never paid a visit to the place before. 因此,答案為 D。此句的可轉(zhuǎn)換概念進(jìn)行相同意思引導(dǎo)詞的考查,題干為Wecame to a place _ they had never visited before.其答案可以為 which/that/ 省略引導(dǎo)詞。17 解析:考查為指示代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)的指代分析以及引導(dǎo)詞的數(shù)量。此句中, those 為定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,相當(dāng)于 thosestudents/clerks, finished diong it為定語(yǔ)從句成分, 從句缺主語(yǔ)以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)指人, 用一般引導(dǎo)詞who, 引導(dǎo)詞數(shù)量與先行詞一致為復(fù)數(shù)。因此, 答案為 A19 解析:考查完整的定語(yǔ)從句。此句中先行詞在從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ),先行詞相同意思用引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng),先行詞指人。因此,答案為 A20 解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句相關(guān)意思引導(dǎo)詞。此句先行詞the school, 定語(yǔ)從句 my father once worked, 二者構(gòu)成的完整句 o 為My father once worked in the school. in the sc

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