language points in Five famous symbols of American Culture

1、BOOK 3Unit 4Language PointsBOOK 3Unit 4statue: n. e.g. as motionless as a statue 象雕像一樣靜止不動(dòng) the Statue of Liberty 美國的自由女神像近形詞近形詞 statue / staturethe natural height of a human being or an animal in an upright position 身材人或動(dòng)物立正姿式時(shí)的自然高度 She was a little short in stature.她身材較矮小2. an achieved level; statu

2、s 聲望獲得的狀況；地位 the lofty moral stature 崇高的精神境界1. a man of great stature 卓有成就的人BOOK 3Unit 4Stature Elevation Altitude height人體高度海拔高度海拔高度，科技用詞高度BOOK 3Unit 4liberty: n.the freedom to go where you want, do what you want, etc. take the liberty of doing sth 冒昧行事 at liberty: 空閑的，自由不受約束的 e.g. 1) the liberties

3、 protected by the Bill of Rights. 受人權(quán)法案保護(hù)的自由權(quán)利 2) 言論自由 liberty of speech 3) You are at liberty to leave when you wish. 4) 我無權(quán)告訴你那件事情。 Im not at liberty to tell you that. 5) 你不在時(shí)我冒昧借用了你的詞典。 I took the liberty of borrowing your dictionary while you were absent. BOOK 3Unit 4enlighten: vt. 1) to give sp

4、iritual or intellectual insight to 給予精神或智力的洞察力，啟迪 2) to give sb. more information about sth. so that he or she knows the truth. e.g. 1) He enlightened me on this subject. 他就這個(gè)題目指點(diǎn)我。2) The child thought the world was flat until I enlightened him! 這孩子原以為地球是平的,后來我告訴他,他才知道不是。3) Listen to both sides and

5、you will be enlightened. 兼聽則明。BOOK 3Unit 4phrase: enlighten sb. on the issue or questionse.g. 1) 關(guān)于這一題目，你能給我指點(diǎn)一番嗎? Can you enlighten me on this subject? 2) 能否請(qǐng)你給我講講你未來的計(jì)劃? Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future? 3) 你能給我講講這新程序嗎?Can you enlighten me as to the new procedure? BOOK 3Unit 4al

6、liance: n. a group of countries, political parties or people who have agreed to work together because of the same interests or aims. 同盟，聯(lián)盟 e.g. an alliance of labor unions opposing the bill. 反對(duì)法案的工會(huì)聯(lián)盟 economic alliance 經(jīng)濟(jì)同盟ally: v. to unit or connect in a friendly association 結(jié)盟， 聯(lián)盟 n. one that is a

7、llied with another 同盟者 BOOK 3Unit 41) 在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間意大利和德國結(jié)成同盟國 Italy allied (itself) with Germany during World War II. 2) Several tribes allied to fend off the invaders. 幾個(gè)部落聯(lián)合起來抵抗侵略者3) That country entered the war as an ally of France. 作為法國的盟國參戰(zhàn)4) the Allies (一戰(zhàn)中的)協(xié)約國; (二戰(zhàn)中的)同盟國BOOK 3Unit 4approve: vt

8、. accept, permit or officially agree to 批準(zhǔn),通過;贊成,稱許vi. approve of : say, show or feel that sth. is good; like sb. or sth; be pleased about sth. 贊成,稱許disapprove: vt. & vi.approval: n. approving: a. approvingly: ad. disapproval: n. disapproving: a. disapprovingly: adBOOK 3Unit 4e.g. 1) 國會(huì)批準(zhǔn)了國家預(yù)算。

9、Congress approved the budget. 2) 他父親永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)同意她和你結(jié)婚。 Her father will never approve of her marriage to you. 3) I am sorry I must disapprove your action. 很抱歉，我必須指責(zé)你的行動(dòng)。 工人們非常不贊成公司的新政策。 The workers strongly disapprove of the firms new policy. 5)她贊許地向他微笑 She gave him an approving smile. / She smiled at him

10、approvingly. BOOK 3Unit 4valuation resultsdocumentsnew suppliers 審批評(píng)估結(jié)果再次批準(zhǔn)這些文件審批新的供應(yīng)商her going steady with Franklinhim. his manner 贊成她與富蘭克林持續(xù)交往對(duì)他滿意喜歡他的舉止BOOK 3Unit 4approve ratify 批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可sanction制定制裁規(guī)則,認(rèn)可,核準(zhǔn),同意consent/ assent to give the green light toin favor of/go along with give the word to disapp

11、rove/oppose/object to turn down/frown on reject/denygive the thumbs down to veto 否決否決denounce 公然抨擊公然抨擊condemn 譴責(zé)譴責(zé) rebut 反駁反駁BOOK 3Unit 4assemble:vt. 1. to bring or call together into a group or whole 召集集合或召集到一起成為一組或整體 e.g. 召集陪審團(tuán) assemble the jury.2. to fit together the parts or pieces of 裝配 e.g. 裝配

12、機(jī)器 assemble a machinevi. to gather together 集合，聚集 e.g. 所有的人都聚集在瑪麗的屋子里。 All the people assembled at Marys house.Compare: 瑪麗把所有的人都聚集在她屋子里。 Mary assembled all the people in her house. BOOK 3Unit 4assembly: n. 集合，集會(huì)， 裝配 e.g. General Assembly (聯(lián)合國)大會(huì) assembly line (工廠產(chǎn)品的)裝配線disassemble: v. 拆卸, 拆除, 分解；散開

13、e.g. disassemble a toaster 拆卸烤面包爐 The unit disassembles easily. 那個(gè)裝置很容易拆開 觀眾開始散去。 The spectators began to disassemble/scatter. BOOK 3Unit 4近形詞近形詞 assemble, resembleresemble: vt. to exhibit similarity or likeness to. 類似，相象 e.g. He strongly resembles his father. 他酷似他的父親。 比較：bear a strong/striking rese

14、mblance to 翻譯：這幅贗品跟原作非常相似。 This artifact bears a strong resemblance to the original works.BOOK 3Unit 4gather: spontaneously by process collect: one by one, bit by bitassemble: for a joint purpose mass: in great number congregate: spontaneously BOOK 3Unit 4exaggerate: vt. & vi. to represent as gr

15、eater than is actually the case; overstate 夸大，夸張exaggerated: a. 夸大的， 言過其實(shí)的，夸張的exaggeration: n. 夸張，夸大This is no exaggeration.It is no exaggeration to say thatexaggerator: n. exaggerative, exaggeratory: adj. BOOK 3Unit 4e.g. 1) 你把困難夸大了。 You are exaggerating the difficulties. 2) Her hairstyle exaggerat

16、es the roundness of her face. 她的發(fā)式使她的臉形顯得更圓。 3) 如果你總是夸大其辭，人們就不再相信你了。 If you always exaggerate, people will no longer believe you. 4) exaggerated piety 虛偽的虔誠Compare: exaggerate(-tion) v. overstate(ment)exaggerate較為正式，指使某事、物比事實(shí)上看起來更大、更糟等，后面常跟抽象名詞或具體名詞。Overstatement強(qiáng)調(diào)言語上的言過其實(shí)、夸張、夸大等。BOOK 3Unit 4 univer

17、sal: a.1. of or relating to the universe 宇宙的2. including, relating to, or affecting all members or situation 包括、有關(guān)或影響所有人/場(chǎng)合的；全體的，普遍的1) His speech met with universal applause. 他的講話得到全場(chǎng)掌聲。2）戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給所有的人帶來苦難。 Wars cause universal misery.個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)大家都感興趣，每個(gè)人都在學(xué)習(xí)怎樣使用微機(jī) Personal computers are of universal interest;

18、 everyone is learning how to use them.universally: ad.It is universally acknowledged that 普遍認(rèn)為普遍認(rèn)為These rules do not apply universally. 這些規(guī)則并非放諸四海而皆準(zhǔn)。這些規(guī)則并非放諸四海而皆準(zhǔn)。3) BOOK 3Unit 4world worldly 世間的,世俗的,世上的global globally 全局地universe universally 普遍地;一般地earth earthly 地球的,俗世的,可能的heaven heavenly 天上的,神圣的,

19、天國似的BOOK 3Unit 4solemn: a. e.g. give a solemn promise 予以鄭重的許諾 a solemn vow 神圣的誓言 the solemn statement of the central government 中央政府的莊嚴(yán)聲明solemnity: n. 莊嚴(yán)；隆重；嚴(yán)肅solemnize: v. 使莊嚴(yán)；隆重慶 祝/紀(jì)念BOOK 3Unit 4inspire: vt. fill sb with the ability or urge to do /feel sth or create a work or art, etc. 給以靈感 Poets

20、are usually inspired by nature in their creation.2. to stimulate to action; motivate: 激勵(lì)，鼓舞inspiring: a. 令人鼓舞的， 振奮人心的 e.g. an inspiring speechinspiration: n. 靈感，鼓舞，振奮BOOK 3Unit 4 e.g. 1) 這一美景給了他靈感而創(chuàng)作出他最偉大的詩篇。 The scenery inspired him to write his greatest poetry. 2) inspire hope / loyalty / enthusia

21、sm in sb. 燃起某人的希望、喚起某人的忠誠，激起某人的熱情 BOOK 3Unit 4grave:n. 墳?zāi)箟災(zāi)筧. e.g. a grave decision in a time of crisis 危機(jī)時(shí)期的重大決定危機(jī)時(shí)期的重大決定 a grave wound. 嚴(yán)重的創(chuàng)傷嚴(yán)重的創(chuàng)傷 a grave procession. 莊嚴(yán)行進(jìn)的隊(duì)伍莊嚴(yán)行進(jìn)的隊(duì)伍BOOK 3Unit 4stretch: vt. & vi. e.g. stretch the sweater out of shape 使毛衣伸長變形 stretch out ones hand 伸出手 She stretc

22、hed herself out on the couch and fell asleep. 她伸躺在沙發(fā)椅上睡著了 stretch every nerve to do sth-strain to do sth. 全神貫注地做某事 她竭盡全力養(yǎng)家糊口。(stretch oneself to do) She stretched herself to provide for the family. vi. Rubber stretches. 橡皮筋可伸展。 那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)延續(xù)了四年。 The war stretched over four years. 森林綿延數(shù)百哩。 The forests stret

23、ch for hundreds of miles. BOOK 3Unit 4portrait: n. e.g. display the portraits of revolutionary martyrs 掛革命烈士的畫像portray: vt. depict in pictures, in words, or by acting 用畫像、語言或表演來描繪 e.g. a picture of the general portraying him as a Greek hero The diary portrays his family as quarrelsome. 日記中描繪他的家庭總是吵吵

24、鬧鬧。 Who portrayed king Lear? 誰扮演李爾王?portrayal n. (description/depiction)BOOK 3Unit 4tragedy: n. 悲劇tragic: a. 悲劇的 tragic events/death/fatetragedian: n. 悲劇演員comedy: n. 喜劇comic/comical: a. 喜劇的 comics: n. 連環(huán)畫，漫畫comedian: n. 喜劇演員BOOK 3Unit 4inspect: vt. 1. to examine carefully and critically, especially

25、for flaws. 檢查(特別是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)毛病) He inspected the car before he bought it. 他買這輛車之前仔細(xì)檢查了一下。2. to review or examine officially 檢閱，視察e.g. The commander-in-chief inspected the troops. 總司令檢閱了部隊(duì)。 30 The government sent sb. to inspect our school. 政府派人來視察我們學(xué)校。inspection: n. 檢查，視察inspector：n. 檢察官，視察官BOOK 3Unit 4recr

26、uit: vt. gain sb as a new member; enlist 征募(新兵)，吸收(新成員)， 招生 e.g. recruit new members (to the club) 吸收新成員(進(jìn)入俱樂部) colleges recruiting minority students 吸收少數(shù)民族學(xué)生的大學(xué)n. 新兵，新分子， 新會(huì)員 e.g. gain new recruits from among the young unemployed 從年輕的失業(yè)者中招收新成員BOOK 3Unit 4chin: n. e.g. keep ones chin up 口不灰心, 振作起來,

27、不泄氣horn: n. e.g. The driver blew his horn at the slow truck. 司機(jī)向緩慢行駛的卡車按響了喇叭 blow ones own horn / trumpet 自吹自擂 BOOK 3Unit 4 dedicate: vt. (Line 11)1. to show to the public for the first time; to open (a building, for example) to public use 首次向公眾展示; 開放（例如，建筑物）供公眾使用 e.g. dedicate a monument. 為一座紀(jì)念碑舉行落

28、成儀式2. to address or inscribe (a literary work, for example) to another as a mark of respect or affection. 題獻(xiàn)給某人（在文學(xué)作品等上題獻(xiàn)詞表示尊敬或愛戴） This book/novel is dedicated to my mother without whom this book would have been impossible.3. to set apart for a special use; commit (oneself) to a particular course 為某

29、一特殊用途而奉獻(xiàn)：致力于 e.g. 他們把錢用于科學(xué)研究 They dedicated their money to scientific research. We dedicated ourselves to starting our own business. 我們致力于經(jīng)營自己的買賣。dedication: n.BOOK 3Unit 4prominent: a. (Line 46)1. projecting outward or upward from a line or surface 突起的；突出的 e.g. prominent eyes 凸眼 a prominent belly 羅漢肚2. immediately noticeable; conspicuous. 顯眼的 e.g. A single tree in a field is prominent. 田地里一棵孤零零的樹是很顯眼的。3. widely known; eminent 著名的 e.g. prominent persons/figures 著名人物prominence: n. 突起的地方，顯著，著名BOOK