名詞性從句經(jīng)典實(shí)用

1、unit 3the million pound bank note名詞性從句英語(yǔ)句子的種類英語(yǔ)句子的種類簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 (complex sentence)英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)概論名詞性從句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句:主句主句+從句從句 名詞名詞性從句性從句 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句1. the boy who is standing over there is tom.2. because it is raining , we have to stay at home. 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句3

2、. i know (that) he is from america.(賓語(yǔ)從句）賓語(yǔ)從句）名詞名詞性從句性從句-名詞性從句who will win the match is still unknown. i want to know who will win the match . the question is who will win the match . the question who will win the match is interesting. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句noun clauses(名詞性從句名詞性從句)s

3、ubject clause (主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句)appositive clause（同位語(yǔ)從句）（同位語(yǔ)從句）object clause（賓語(yǔ)從句）（賓語(yǔ)從句）predicative clause（表語(yǔ)從句）（表語(yǔ)從句）名詞性從句object clauses 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句conjunctions of noun clauses（引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞）：引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞）：從屬?gòu)膶龠B詞連詞（不作成分）（不作成分）連接連接代詞代詞（作主、賓、（作主、賓、表、定）表、定）連接連接副詞副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）（作狀語(yǔ)）what(ever), which(ever); who(ever),

4、whom(ever), whose that, whether, ifwhen(ever), where(ver), how(ever), why名詞性從句 做及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)做及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ) 做介詞的賓語(yǔ)做介詞的賓語(yǔ) 做形容詞的賓語(yǔ)做形容詞的賓語(yǔ)名詞性從句一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. that1)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變而來(lái)陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變而來(lái)時(shí)（包括肯定句和時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞否定句），連詞由由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)?，因?yàn)閠hat在從句中在從句中不作不作任何成分任何成分，也，也沒(méi)有任何具體意思沒(méi)有任何具體意思，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中式文體中

5、常省略。常省略。vlin tao feels (that) his own team is even better. the reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.名詞性從句2.在主句為動(dòng)詞在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面所跟等）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面所跟的從句也可算是的從句也可算是賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句(that可省略可省略)。vim sorry (that) i dont know .vwere sure (that) our team will

6、win .vim afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .名詞性從句3）賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞）賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞that在以下三在以下三種情況下種情況下不能省略：不能省略：（1）當(dāng)）當(dāng)that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，第二個(gè)第二個(gè)that不能省；不能省；he said (that) he liked rain very much and that he wouldnt use an umbrella when it was raining. （2）當(dāng)）當(dāng)that從句作從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)，that不可省。不可省

7、。i know nothing about him except that he is from the countryside. （3）用）用it做做形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句，的賓語(yǔ)從句，that不可省。不可省。名詞性從句1.i dont think _ she is coming.2.i dont think it necessary _ you should read english aloud.3.he told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthat(that)名詞性從句

8、1. i dont doubt _ he can speak english.2. i doubt_ he can speak english.whether/ ifthat名詞性從句當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句變來(lái)時(shí)從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句變來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)，由連詞時(shí)，由連詞whether或或if引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)， “是否是否”，不能省略。，不能省略。(1) lily wanted to know _ her grandma liked the handbag .(2) lets see _ we can find out some information about that city .(3) she as

9、ked me _ she could borrow these books .2. whether/ifwhether/ ifwhether/ ifwhether/ if名詞性從句注意注意 whether和和if的使用區(qū)別的使用區(qū)別: 1) whether和和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但 a. 當(dāng)從句中有當(dāng)從句中有or not時(shí)就用時(shí)就用whether,不用不用if。 b. 介詞后面介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用if表示表示“是否是否”。 c. whether to do 做動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)不能用做動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)不能用if to do. 2) if可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，可以引導(dǎo)

10、條件狀語(yǔ)從句，whether無(wú)此無(wú)此用法。用法。 i dont know whether or not i will stay.i worry about whether i hurt her feeling.if you are to succeed, you ought to work harder.i dont know whether to tell him about this.名詞性從句practice timei asked her _ she had a bike.were worried about _ he is safe. i dont know _ he is well

11、 or not.4. i dont know _ or not he is well.5. i dont know _ i should go. if / whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_ to go.whether名詞性從句3. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)變而來(lái)特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)變而來(lái)時(shí)，由時(shí)，由疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞（what, who, whom, which, whose, when, where, how, why等等）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡?wèn)詞在從句）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡?wèn)詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義

12、，所以以不可以省略。不可以省略。v do you know _ he said just now ?v i dont remember _ we arrived .v i asked him _ i could get so much money in so short a time.v please tell me _ we have to see .v do you know _ time the plane leaves ?whatwhenwherewho / whomwhat名詞性從句二、時(shí)態(tài)二、時(shí)態(tài)1. 1. 如果如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)

13、 ，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），從句的從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等）。等）。v i know he _ here .(live)v i know he _ here ten years ago .(live) v i have heard that he _ tomorrow . (come)liveslivedwill come名詞性從句2. 如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)，（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），過(guò)去進(jìn)

14、行時(shí)），那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）i knew who _ here. (live) i saw she _ her mother. (talk)he asked whether his father _ tomorrow. (come back)he said that he _ it before. (see)3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。livedw

15、as talking withwould come backhad seen名詞性從句三、語(yǔ)序三、語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句要用賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞：連接詞+ +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ +其他成分。其他成分。1. i dont know what is the matter / the trouble/ wrong with him.2. i dont know who did it.3. i dont know who is he.1. his brother asks when he will go to the library .2. his brother asks when wi

16、ll he go to the library . 1. i dont know what he wants to buy .2. i dont know what does he want to buy .名詞性從句21如果賓語(yǔ)從句后面有如果賓語(yǔ)從句后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，要使用，要使用形式賓形式賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ) it 而將而將真正的賓語(yǔ)真正的賓語(yǔ)that/wh-從句放到補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后從句放到補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面面；find, feel, think, believe, guess, make e.g. i thought it strange that he failed to call me我覺(jué)得奇怪：他沒(méi)給

17、我打電話。我覺(jué)得奇怪：他沒(méi)給我打電話。用用it作形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句作形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句 1). can you make sure_ alice has put the gold ring. 2). it all depends on _they will support us . 3). she will give _needs help a warm support. 4). he made _clear to the public_ he did an important and necessary job . wherewhetherwhoeveritthat名詞性從句名詞性

18、從句名詞性從句 to名詞性從句predicative clauses 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句從屬連詞從屬連詞(不作成分）不作成分）連接代詞連接代詞（作成分）（作成分）連接副詞連接副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）（作狀語(yǔ)）what(ever), which(ever);who(ever), whom(ever), whose that, whether, as if/as though， becausewhen(ever), where(ever), how(ever), why, 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,放在放在系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞之后之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是一般結(jié)構(gòu)是

19、“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句”?？梢越颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有?？梢越颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。等。表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句the questions is_we can rely on him. 2. he didnt study abroad. thats_he was in need of money at that time. 3. he looked_he was going to cry. 4. my car broke down halfway. thats_i was late.whetherbecauseas

20、ifwhy名詞性從句 注注 意：意： 在表語(yǔ)從句中，表在表語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否是否” 時(shí)，只能用時(shí)，只能用 “whether”不能用不能用“if”。 一般情況下，一般情況下，“that”不能省。不能省。 it is/ was because . it is/ was why. 4. the reason (why/for)is/ was that.5. the reason/ result is because/ whythat .名詞性從句 my advice is that you _(set) off early tomorrow morning. his order is that we

21、 _(clean) the classroom every day. his suggestion is that the thief _(send) to the police station. the question is _ he will come.(should) set(should) clean(should) be sentwhether表示建議，要求，命令的詞表示建議，要求，命令的詞 sb (should) do名詞性從句1. thats _ the party called on us to do. a. why b. what c. how d. that 2. the

22、 reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. a. because b. why c. that d. whether3 .that is _ they separated. a. that b. what c. which d. where 4.jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. a. what b. which c. that d. when 名詞性從句5. she looked _ she were ten years younger. a. that b. like c. as d

23、. as though6. - i fell sick! - i think it is _ you are doing too much. a. why b. when c. what d. because 7. the problem is _ he has enough time. a. if b. whether c. / d. that ddb名詞性從句8. the trouble is _we are short of tools. a. what b. that c. how d. why that9. the energy is _ makes the cells able t

24、o do their work. a. that b. which c. what d. suchbc名詞性從句subject clauses 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句conjunctions of noun clauses（引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞）：引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞）：從屬?gòu)膶龠B詞連詞（不作成分）（不作成分）連接連接代詞代詞（作主、賓、（作主、賓、表、定）表、定）連接連接副詞副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）（作狀語(yǔ)）what(ever), which(ever); who(ever), whom(ever), whose that, whetherwhen(ever), where(ver), how

25、(ever), why名詞性從句 whether “是否是否”，不做主語(yǔ)從句中成分，源，不做主語(yǔ)從句中成分，源于一般疑問(wèn)句；于一般疑問(wèn)句；“if” 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞_ is not easy to say(他是否會(huì)來(lái)這兒）他是否會(huì)來(lái)這兒）.whether he will come here( if he will come here . )_ is more practice.（我們所需（我們所需要的）要的）_ is under discussion.（我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始會(huì)議）（我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始會(huì)議）四四. 連接副詞連接副詞 when 等在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。等在從句中

26、作狀語(yǔ)。what we needwhen we will begin the meeting三三. 連接代詞連接代詞what 等在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。等在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。名詞性從句 注意一注意一:主語(yǔ)從句后置主語(yǔ)從句后置! 為了避免主語(yǔ)冗長(zhǎng)為了避免主語(yǔ)冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常經(jīng)常用用it作形作形式主語(yǔ)式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ).1. that the earth is round is known to all. 2. that you missed the chance is a pity. it is a pity that you

27、 missed the chance. its known to all that the earth is round.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型: it is +adj./ n. (strange/a pity/) + that it is + v.-ed (said/ reported) + that 名詞性從句what he needs _ that book.what he needs _ some books.isare注意三：注意三：what 與與 that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:注意二注意二:主語(yǔ)從句對(duì)應(yīng)的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用主語(yǔ)從句

28、對(duì)應(yīng)的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單單數(shù)。但數(shù)。但what/ who等等引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)可根據(jù)單復(fù)數(shù)可根據(jù)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)決定。決定。 1. that不做成分；不能省略。不做成分；不能省略。 2. what可以做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)?？梢宰鲋髡Z(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)?？勺g成可譯成“-的東西，話，的東西，話，事情，人，地方，時(shí)間，樣子等事情，人，地方，時(shí)間，樣子等” “所所-”1. what he said disappointed me.2. a computer can only do what you have instructed it to do .名詞性從句 _ he made

29、 an important speech at the meeting was true. a. that b. why c. what d. how 2. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . a. if b. whether c. that d. where 3. _ is known to us all is that america is a developed country _ the first world. a. which; belong to b. as, belonged to c. what; belon

30、ging to d. it; belonging to名詞性從句4. its known to us all _ a form of energy. a. water is b. that water is c. is water d. that water to 5. it worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.a. whether b. that c. what d. when6. what i say and think _ none of your business. a. is b. are c. has d have名詞性從句a

31、ppositive clauses 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句 1. 跟在某些抽象名詞后面，對(duì)該名詞作進(jìn)一跟在某些抽象名詞后面，對(duì)該名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明步解釋說(shuō)明,解釋這些名詞的具體內(nèi)容。解釋這些名詞的具體內(nèi)容。常用名詞有常用名詞有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opinion等。以及等。以及suggestion, order, demand, wish等。等。2. 常用連詞：常用連詞：that, whether; when, where, why, how; wh

32、at, which, who, whom, whose, wh-ever等。等。 名詞性從句the queen of england was on a three-day visit in china./ we heard the news last night._ we heard the news last night that the queen of england was on a three-day visit in china._名詞性從句chinese students should be given more free time. the suggestion is welc

33、omed by many people, especially kids in school._ the suggestion that chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school._ _ 名詞性從句1. the news _ we won the competition is very encouraging.2. i have no idea _ has happened to him.用用that/ what填空填空whattha

34、t名詞性從句1.we expressed the hope that they had expected.2.we expressed the hope that they would come to visit china again.定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句3. 連詞連詞that在同位語(yǔ)從句中在同位語(yǔ)從句中不可省略不可省略,而在定語(yǔ)從句而在定語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)從句賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。區(qū)別區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句：引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句：1.引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)的連詞引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)的連詞that在句中在句中不作任何句子成分不作任何句子成分，而在定語(yǔ)從句中

35、，而在定語(yǔ)從句中，that充當(dāng)?shù)目梢允浅洚?dāng)?shù)目梢允菑木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)或從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)等。等。2. 同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞的內(nèi)容的同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說(shuō)明具體說(shuō)明，而，而定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾，解釋為進(jìn)行修飾，解釋為“的的”。名詞性從句 判斷判斷:定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句or同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句1.the order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 2.the order that we received yesterday was t

36、hat we should send a few people to help the other groups. 3.the news that he will leave for shanghai is true.5.the question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.(定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句)名詞性從句b2. _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising .a. who b. the one

37、c. anyone d. whoever 3. information has been put forward _ more graduates will be admitted into universities .a. that b. how c. where d. what da1. he is absent from school . it is _ he is seriously ill. a. why b. because c. that d. the reasonpractice time名詞性從句4. - are you still thinking about yester

38、days game ? - oh, thats _. a. what makes me feel excited b. whatever i feel excited about c. how i feel about it d. when i feel excited a名詞性從句5.there will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here.a. who b. whom c. whoever d. whomever6. mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed

39、to win the game . why b. what c. who d. that7.the poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. a. whichever b. however c. whatever d. whenever名詞性從句8. _ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun. which b. how c. what d. that 9. it is generally considered unwise to give a

40、 child _ he or she wants. a. however b. whatever c. whichever d. whenever 名詞性從句10. she received the message _ he would come by plane. a. that b. which c. what d. when11. energy is _ makes things work. a. what b. something c. anything d. that12.our city has changed a lot ,and now it is quite differen

41、t from _ a few years ago. a. what it used to be b. that it used to be c.which it used to be d. what was it名詞性從句correct or not?*when the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.pay attention:主語(yǔ)從句對(duì)應(yīng)的主句的謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句對(duì)應(yīng)的主句的謂語(yǔ)用用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式 名詞性從句 correct or not?pay attention: 在此賓語(yǔ)從句

42、中，在此賓語(yǔ)從句中，it 充當(dāng)充當(dāng)形形式賓語(yǔ)式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為，真正的賓語(yǔ)為that 從句從句i think it worthwhile that.* i think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.名詞性從句*his brother asks when will he go to the library .pay attention:名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序用名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序 correct or not?when he will go to the library . 名詞性從句* if we

43、 will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.correct or not?whether we will. decided yet.pay attention:放在名詞性從句放在名詞性從句句首句首，表示，表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether, 不能用不能用if名詞性從句 correct or not?pay attention:注意注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的在名詞性從句中的使用！由使用！由demand ,order, require, insist, suggest, advise等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，或由等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，或由demand, order, suggestion等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，其等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)要