永磁直流電機(jī)電磁設(shè)計(jì)算例

1、永永磁磁直直流流電電機(jī)機(jī)電電磁磁計(jì)計(jì)算算程程序序和和算算例例: :手工輸入公式計(jì)算，不可改關(guān)鍵判定，提示說(shuō)明數(shù)據(jù)引用序序號(hào)號(hào) 名名稱(chēng)稱(chēng)符符號(hào)號(hào)或或算算式式一一額額定定數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)1 額定功率PN2 額定電壓UN額定轉(zhuǎn)速n N額定電流IN額定轉(zhuǎn)矩TN=9.549*PN/nN起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)TstN二二主主要要尺尺寸寸及及永永磁磁體體尺尺寸寸選選擇擇額定效率N =PN/(UN*IN*COS)*100計(jì)算功率P=(1+2/100)/(3N/100)*PN感應(yīng)電勢(shì)Ea=(1+(2N/100)/3)*UN極對(duì)數(shù)p永磁材料類(lèi)型預(yù)計(jì)永磁體工作溫度t永磁體剩磁密度Bt20 工作時(shí)永磁體剩磁密度Br =(1-(t-20

2、)*Br/100)*(1-IL/100)*Bt20剩磁溫度系數(shù)Br剩磁溫度不可逆損失率IL永磁體計(jì)算矯頑力Hc20工作時(shí)永磁體計(jì)算矯頑力Hc=(1-(t-20)*Br/100)*(1-IL/100)*Hc20永磁體相對(duì)回復(fù)磁導(dǎo)率r=Br/(0*Hc)/1000真空磁導(dǎo)率0=4*PI*10-7工作溫度下退磁曲線的拐點(diǎn)bk電樞鐵心材料鐵芯疊加系數(shù)KFe電負(fù)荷預(yù)估值A(chǔ)氣隙磁密預(yù)估值B=(0.60-0.85)Br =0.8Br計(jì)算極弧系數(shù)i=0.6-0.75長(zhǎng)徑比預(yù)估值=0.6-1.5電樞直徑Da=(6.1*P*104/*A*B*nN*)1/3電樞直徑圓整電樞長(zhǎng)度La=Da電樞長(zhǎng)度圓整極距=PI*Da

3、/(2p)氣隙長(zhǎng)度永磁體結(jié)構(gòu)型式極弧系數(shù)P, P=I磁瓦圓心角P, P=P*180永磁體厚度hM永磁體軸向長(zhǎng)度LM, LM=LaLM, LM=(1.1-1.2)La電樞計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度Lef,Lef=La+2Lef,Lef=La+La(hM+)La=(0.45-0.5)(LM-La)/(hM+)永磁體內(nèi)徑Dmi=Da+2永磁體外徑Dmo=Dmi+2hM電樞圓周速度Va=pi*Da*nN/6000機(jī)座材料-機(jī)座長(zhǎng)度Lj=(2.0-3.0)La, 取Lj=2.8La機(jī)座厚度hj=*i*Lef*B/(2*Lj*Bj)機(jī)座厚度圓整計(jì)算機(jī)座軛磁密Bj, Bj=(1.5-1.8)T漏磁系數(shù), =(1.11.3)機(jī)

4、座外徑Dj=Dmo+2hj三三電電樞樞沖沖片片及及電電樞樞繞繞組組計(jì)計(jì)算算繞組型式繞組并聯(lián)支路對(duì)數(shù)a, a=p槽數(shù)Q槽距t2=pi*Da/Q預(yù)計(jì)滿載氣隙磁通=*Lef*B*10-4預(yù)計(jì)導(dǎo)體總數(shù)N=60*a*Ea/(p*nN)每槽導(dǎo)體數(shù)NS=N/Q每槽元件數(shù)u每元件匝數(shù)WS=NS/(2*u)每元件匝數(shù)圓整為Ws實(shí)際每槽導(dǎo)體數(shù)Ns=2*u*Ws實(shí)際導(dǎo)體總數(shù)N=Q*Ns換向片數(shù)K=u*Q實(shí)際電負(fù)荷A=N*IN/(2*pi*a*Da)支路電流Ia=IN/(2*a)預(yù)計(jì)電樞電流密度j2=5-13預(yù)計(jì)導(dǎo)線截面積ACua=Ia/j2并繞根數(shù)Nt計(jì)算導(dǎo)線裸線線徑d0=(4ACua/PI)1/2導(dǎo)線裸線線徑d0

5、導(dǎo)線絕緣后線徑d實(shí)際導(dǎo)線截面積ACUa=PI*Nt*d02/4實(shí)際電樞電流密度j2=Ia/ACUa實(shí)際熱負(fù)荷=AJ2槽形選擇槽口寬度b02槽口高度h02槽下度半徑r22槽上部倒角半徑r23槽上部高度h2, h2=r23槽上部寬度d1槽中部高度h22槽下部寬度d2槽下部倒角圓心距d3槽高h(yuǎn)t2齒寬bt2, 近似取平行齒槽凈面積As=PI*(r222+r232)/2+h22(d1+2r22)+r23*d3-Ci(PI*r22+2*h22+d1)槽絕緣厚度Ci槽滿率Sf=Nt*Ns*d2/As線圓平均半匝長(zhǎng)度Lav=La+Ke*Da, Ke=(1.35,p=1)電樞繞組電阻Ra=*N*Lav/(4*

6、Acua*a2)Ra20(a20=0.1785*10-3.mm2/cm)Ra75(a75=0.217*10-3.mm3/cm)轉(zhuǎn)子沖片內(nèi)徑Di2, Di2=(0.15-0.25)Da轉(zhuǎn)子沖片內(nèi)徑圓整電樞軛高h(yuǎn)J2=(Da-2*ht2-Di2)/2電樞軛有效高h(yuǎn)j21=hj2+Di2/8四四磁磁路路計(jì)計(jì)算算氣隙系數(shù)K, K=(1.01-1.1)氣隙磁通密度B=*104/(*Lef)每對(duì)極氣隙磁位差F=1.6*K*B*104電樞齒磁通密度Bt2=t2*Lef*B/(bt2*La*Kfe)電樞齒磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度Ht2 (查磁化曲線圖表)電樞齒磁位差Ft2=2*ht2*Ht2電樞軛磁通密度Bj2=*104/(

7、hj21*La*Kfe)電樞軛磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度Hj2 (查磁化曲線圖表)電樞軛磁位差Fj2=Lj2*Hj2電樞軛部磁路平均計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度Lj2=PI*(Dj2+hj2)/2p定子軛磁通密度Bj=*104/(2*hj*Lj)定子軛磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度Hj1, Hj1(查磁化曲線圖表)定子軛磁位差Fj1=Lj1*Hj1定子軛部磁路平均計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度Lj1=PI*(Dj-hj)/2p外磁路總磁位差F=F+Ft2+Fj2+Fj1五五負(fù)負(fù)載載工工作作點(diǎn)點(diǎn)計(jì)計(jì)算算氣隙主磁導(dǎo)=/F磁導(dǎo)基值-主磁導(dǎo)標(biāo)么值-外磁路總磁導(dǎo)-直軸電樞去磁磁動(dòng)勢(shì)-永磁體負(fù)載工作點(diǎn)-實(shí)際氣隙磁通六六換換向向計(jì)計(jì)算算電刷尺寸, 電刷長(zhǎng)Lb電刷尺寸, 電刷寬bb電刷尺寸

8、, 電刷對(duì)數(shù)pb電刷面積Ab=Lb*bb每桿電刷數(shù)Nb電刷電流密度Jb=IN/(Nb*pb*Lb*bb)換向器長(zhǎng)度Lk一對(duì)電刷接觸壓降Ub換向器直徑DK, DK=(0.5-0.9)Da換向器圓周速度Vk=PI*DK*nN/6000換向器片距Tk=PI*DK/K換向元件電抗電動(dòng)勢(shì)-換向元件交軸電樞反應(yīng)電動(dòng)勢(shì)-換向元件中合成電動(dòng)勢(shì)-換向區(qū)寬度-換向區(qū)寬度檢查-七七最最大大去去磁磁校校核核不同工況時(shí)的最大瞬時(shí)電流 突然起動(dòng)時(shí)Imax=(UN-Ub)/Ra20 瞬間堵轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)Imax=(UN-Ub)/Ra75 突然停轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)Imax=(Ea-Ub)/Ra75 突然反轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)Imax=(UN+Ea-Ub)/Ra75

9、直軸電樞磁動(dòng)勢(shì)-交軸電樞磁動(dòng)勢(shì)-換向元件電樞磁動(dòng)勢(shì)-電樞總?cè)ゴ糯艅?dòng)勢(shì)-電大去磁時(shí)永磁體工作點(diǎn)-可逆退磁校核八八工工作作特特性性電樞繞組銅耗Pcua=IN2*Ra75電刷接觸電阻損耗pb=IN*Ub電樞鐵損耗PFe=k*p10/50(f/50)1.3*(mt2*Bt22+mj2*Bj22)k=2-3鐵損系數(shù)p10/50, 查鐵損手則f=p*nN/60電樞齒質(zhì)量mt2=7.84*Kfe*La*(PI/4*(Da2-(Da-2*ht2)2)-Q*As)*10-3電樞軛質(zhì)量mj2=7.84*Kfe*La*PI/4*(Da-2*ht2)2-Dt22)*10-3電刷對(duì)換向器的磨擦損耗pKbm=2*pb*A

10、b*pS*Vk電刷單位面積壓力Ps=2-6N/cm2(或=200-600g/cm2)電刷摩擦系數(shù), =0.2-0.3軸承磨擦和電樞對(duì)空氣磨擦損耗pBf+pWf0.04PN總機(jī)械損耗ptW=pKbm+pBf+pWf總損耗P=Pcua+Pb+Pfe+PtW輸入功率P1=PN+P效率=PN/P1*100電流校核IN=P1/UN實(shí)際感應(yīng)電動(dòng)勢(shì)Ea=UN-Ub-IN*Ra75滿載實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速n=60*Ea/p*N起動(dòng)電流Ist=(UN-Ub)/Ra20起動(dòng)電流倍數(shù)Ist/IN起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩Tst=p*N*Ist/(2*PI*a)起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)Tst/TN單單位位算算例例W75.00V230.00rpm3,900.0

11、0A0.58N.m0.1628321224.5%66.14339889W87.79666667V178.086545 1鐵氧體40T0.395T0.3792%K-10.2%0KA/M290KA/M278.41.0839000431.25664E-060.15DR510-500.97A/cm70T0.30336 0.7 0.630.629770992永永磁磁直直流流電電機(jī)機(jī)電電磁磁計(jì)計(jì)算算程程序序和和算算例例: :cm5.264543122 cm5.24 OK cm3.3012cm3.3 OK cm8.230972752 cm0.08瓦片形0.72()129.60.85cm3.3 釹鐵硼cm3.

12、96 鐵氧體cm3.46 釹鐵硼cm3.6168 鐵氧體0.340645161cm5.4cm7.1m/s10.70026458mm9.242.803030303cm0.259340811 cm0.25 OKT1.61.2137.6 單疊116cm1.028871594Wb0.0006321674333.968375270.87302341135.4365117 135135422.573964527043201676.102791110.29A/mm70.04142857110.229670406mm0.23 OKmm0.25 漆膜厚度0.01mmmm0.0415475636.97995213

13、6531.1938393半梨形槽cm0.27cm0.115cm0.2cm0.1cm0.1cm0.6950.694441291cm0.7230.723cm0.4cm0.495cm1.138cm0.249441291cm0.46018799cm0.023%36.66979661cm10.3741148.13518732 58.51728654mm0.786 mm0.8 OKmm1.082mm1.182 1.089T0.269372444 A375.4836378 T1.255407786 A/cm65A147.94 T0.835408457A/cm21 A62.08101243 cm2.956238687T1.659781192 A/cm36A415.6327081 cm11.5453531001.1373586.31449E-070.000630.000632167cm0.6cm0.53 1cm0.3181A/cm21.823899371cm1.4V2.5cm3.2 m/s6.5345127190.628318531 4.7262722493.8877400763.000592737289.82188319.685215191