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1、精品文檔_商業(yè)銀行招聘考試-相同項單選集1、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreet

2、rade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebette

3、roffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhig

4、herprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantagei

5、nfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysom

6、eofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestofthe

7、worldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.theeco

8、nomists_.a.agreeontherestrictionofinternaltradeb.disagreewhethertorestrictfreetradeornotc.holddifferentargumentsbecauseoftheirdifferentinterestsd.agreeonfreetrade2、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconclud

9、edthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersb

10、enefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfacein

11、ternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicethe

12、worldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalfor

13、themtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanle

14、astaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorga

15、nized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.whatistheauthorsattitudetowardprotectionismdenotedfromthefifthparagrapha.ironicb.sincerec.gratefu.d.appreciative3、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotont

16、heissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe

17、.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfro

18、mtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear

19、,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudi

20、scouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardo

21、flivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenef

22、itsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.accordingtothefreetradeprinciple,theauthorsuggeststhat_.a.saudiarabiabuilditso

23、wnfoodindustryb.saudiarabiaimportfoodfromu.s.c.u.s.becomeself-sufficientwithitsoild.u.s.exploreitsoilshale4、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltra

24、deisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexa

25、mple,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoi

26、mprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymore

27、efficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbeco

28、meself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenth

29、epoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,m

30、uchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.whyhasprotectionismalwaysbeenexercisedevenifitiswastefulandunjustbecause_.a.ithelpstoestablishnationalindustryofonesownb.itcanachieveanindependenteconomyc.itisfavoredbygeneralpublicd.itbenefitssomeprivilegedfew5、disagree

31、mentsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makesposs

32、iblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,

33、itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormo

34、uspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesau

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