大自然形形色色的晶體

1、大自然形形色色的晶體大自然形形色色的晶體The Nature of Various Crystal Todays topicCarbonSilicon dioxideOther crystaldiamondNow ,About 27 countries found that diamond deposits in their country, mostly in Africa, Russia, Australia and Canada. South Africa is the worlds leading diamond fields. The worlds largest diamond p

2、lacer in south-west named Africa namibia。The average selling price is higher than the $300 per carat, and more than 95% to gem grade.目前世界上共有27個國家發(fā)現(xiàn)鉆石礦床，大部分位于非洲、俄羅斯、澳大利亞和加拿大。 南部非洲是世界主要鉆石產(chǎn)區(qū)。 世界上最大的鉆石砂礦在西南非納米比亞，平均售價高于300美元/克拉，而且95%以上為寶石級。The largest gem grade diamond found in South Africas diamond mine

3、s in January 1905 ,which known as the star of Africa“. This diamond crystal is not complete,but the color is colorless, transparent, and perfect. Weighing 3106 carats diamond quality also is excellent,. At that time ,the stone reference the mine manager s name ,likunan .目前世界上最大的寶石級金剛石是1905年1月在南非的普列米

4、爾金剛石礦山發(fā)現(xiàn)的、號稱“非洲之星”的“庫利南”鉆石，是一塊晶體不太完整的金剛石塊，顏色為無色透明、無任何瑕疵、質(zhì)地極佳、重達3106克拉。當(dāng)時就用該礦總經(jīng)理的名字“庫利南”來命名。The story of star of Africa In January 1905, South Africas column mill diamond mine supervisor Buddha dwyer, walking in the field, a flash objects found in the dusk.He thought it was a glass bottle fall in the

5、 mud , but when he give it up,and scrape off the dirt, he almost did not believe her eyes, it s a large diamond As big as your fist.1905年1月，南非普列米爾金剛石礦山的監(jiān)督員佛烈德維爾，在礦場散步時，在夕陽的反射中發(fā)現(xiàn)一件閃光物體，對這件晶瑩有光的東西，他以為是掉在泥里的玻璃瓶，用手杖把它挑起、刮去泥土，他幾乎不信自己的眼睛，竟是一塊大如拳頭的金剛石。這塊世界上最大的金剛石，英國政府用75萬美元買下，運往英國，并于1907年獻給英王愛得華七世，作為英王六十六歲

6、的壽禮。后來這塊巨大的金剛石被送往荷蘭首都進行切磨。巨鉆分割完畢后，于同年3月3日開始切磨，由三位琢磨專家每天工作14個小時、費了八個月時光，琢磨成最大的四粒鉆石。庫利南第一”為梨形、三件中最重的一粒，重530.2克拉，后來鑲在英王的權(quán)杖上，這粒巨鉆稱“非洲之星”。它有74個刻面紅寶石Ruby refers to the color which is red, it is a kind of corundum, main ingredients are alumina (Al2O3), Red color is due to mixed with chromium (Cr)element, m

7、ost are Cr2O3 which content 0.1 3% in the crystal , the highest is 4%. Natural ruby mostly come from Burma, Thailand, Sri Lanka, China, Africa, Australia, and the United States. Natural ruby also is very scarce紅寶石是指顏色呈紅色的剛玉，它是剛玉的一種，主要成分是氧化鋁(Al2O3)，紅色來自鉻(Cr)，主要為Cr2O3，含量一般0.13%，最高者達4%。天然紅寶石大多來自緬甸、泰國、斯

8、里蘭卡、中國，非洲，澳大利亞，以及美國.天然紅寶石非常稀少Sapphire 藍寶石Except chromium ,the corundum contain other elements gem know as Sapphire, mostly composition is alumina (Al2O3). Blue sapphire is due to mixed with a small amount of titanium (Ti) and iron (Fe) ,which caused impurities; The color of sapphire, can have pink,

9、yellow, green, white, or even have variety. Sapphire producing area in Thailand, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Laos, Cambodia,and China. Myanmar is now the most common place to produce fine sapphire.藍寶石，自然沒有鉻的寶石是藍寶石。其它顏色剛玉寶石的通稱，主要成分是氧化鋁（Al2O3）。藍色的藍寶石，是由于其中混有少量鈦（Ti）和鐵（Fe）雜質(zhì)所致；藍寶石的顏色，可以有粉紅、黃、綠、白、甚至有多種顏色。藍寶石的

10、產(chǎn)地在泰國、斯里蘭卡、馬達加斯加、老撾、柬埔寨、中國.而緬甸是現(xiàn)今出產(chǎn)上等藍寶石最多的地方。Raw stone玉髓 英文名稱： chalcedony(agate) 。Chemical composition: SiO 2; may containing Fe, Al, Ti, Mn,and V etc.Crystalline state: crystal aggregation, dense block, can also be a ball of granular, subtle radial or fibrous assembly.Light jersey : oily luster to

11、 vitreous luster.化學(xué)成分： SiO 2 ；可含有 Fe 、 Al 、 Ti 、 Mn 、 V 等元素。結(jié)晶狀態(tài)：隱晶質(zhì)集合體，呈致密塊狀，也可呈球粒狀、放射狀或細微纖維狀集合體。光 澤：油脂光澤至玻璃光澤。硼鋁石 Jeremejevite硼鋁石 英文名稱：Jeremejevite 硼鋁石是一種鋁硼的氟化物聚合礦物，屬硼酸鹽礦物，非常極度罕見。硼鋁石通常夾藏于花崗巖和偉晶巖之間同電氣石， 鈉長石， 石英 等一起參雜。化學(xué)代號Al6B5O15(F,OH)3。Jeremejevite is a kind of aluminum and boron Fluoride polymeri

12、zation mineral,also belong to Boric acid salt content .Jeremejevite hidden in the granite and pegmatite,and mixed with tourmaline, sodium feldspar, quartz,etc.Chemical formula ： Al6B5O15(F,OH)3。硼鋁石與紅色綠柱石、鈹鋁鎂鋅石、紅鉆石、硅硼鎂鋁石、硅硼鉀鈉石、藍錐礦、丹泉石、亞歷山大變色石、鋁硼鋯鈣石并稱為世界上十大最稀有的寶石和田玉是一種由微晶體集合體構(gòu)成的單礦物巖，含極少的雜質(zhì)礦物，主要成分為透閃石?；瘜W(xué)式為Ca：Mgs(OH)z(Si4011)2。硬度為66.5，密度為2.953.17。Hetian jade is a kind