電壓源換流器論文：輕型高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)的非線性控制策略研究

1、 電壓源換流器論文：輕型高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)的非線性控制策略研究【中文摘要】隨著可關(guān)斷電力電子器件(Insulated-gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT; Gate-Turn Off Thyrisitor, GTO等)和PWM技術(shù)的發(fā)展,基于電壓源換流器的輕型高壓直流輸電(Voltage Sourced Converter-High Voltage Direct Current, VSC-HVDC)系統(tǒng)越來越受到人們的關(guān)注。與傳統(tǒng)的HVDC輸電系統(tǒng)相比,該輸電技術(shù)具有可向無源網(wǎng)絡(luò)供電、無換相失敗危險(xiǎn)、有功功率和無功功率獨(dú)立控制和易于構(gòu)成多端直流輸電系統(tǒng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文著重研究

2、VSC-HVDC輸電系統(tǒng)的非線性控制策略。第一種方法,建立起雙端無窮大VSC-HVDC輸電系統(tǒng)在同步旋轉(zhuǎn)dq坐標(biāo)系下的暫態(tài)非線性數(shù)學(xué)模型,采用狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化的方法,把非線性的數(shù)學(xué)模型轉(zhuǎn)化成線性的形式。然后,運(yùn)用變結(jié)構(gòu)的控制方法,設(shè)計(jì)整流側(cè)和逆變側(cè)的控制器,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)直流側(cè)電壓恒定和有功、無功功率的獨(dú)立解耦控制；第二種采用無源性理論的方法,建立VSC在同步旋轉(zhuǎn)dq坐標(biāo)系下的暫態(tài)非線性數(shù)學(xué)模型,驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的無源性。外環(huán)采用定直流側(cè)電壓和定有功功率、無功功率來生成內(nèi)環(huán)dq軸參考電流id*,iq*；內(nèi)環(huán)采用無源性理論的控制方法,設(shè)計(jì)無源性控制器,用來追蹤參考電流,以達(dá)到控制直流側(cè)電壓和獨(dú)立調(diào)節(jié)有功和

3、無功功率的。最后,基于MATLAB的仿真結(jié)果表明了該控制器能實(shí)現(xiàn)有功功率和無功獨(dú)立控制,在負(fù)載擾動的情況下,具有良好的暫態(tài)控制性能和很強(qiáng)的魯棒性。本文還建立了對無源網(wǎng)絡(luò)供電的VSC-HVDC輸電系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,整流側(cè)采用狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化的方法對非線性數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行解耦,然后用變結(jié)構(gòu)的控制方法設(shè)計(jì)控制器；逆變側(cè)利用穩(wěn)態(tài)數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用前饋解耦的控制方法設(shè)計(jì)控制器。最后,基于MATLAB的仿真結(jié)果表明該控制器具有良好的啟動和故障恢復(fù)性能,也能實(shí)現(xiàn)有功功率和無功獨(dú)立控制?！居⑽恼縒ith the development of self-commutated power electronic dev

4、ices (Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT; Gate-Turn Off Thyrisitor, GTO and so on) and PWM technique, HVDC based on the Voltage Source Converter (VSC-HVDC) has got more and more attention. The VSC-HVDC transmission system has many advantages compared with the traditional HVDC system. For exampl

5、e, it can realize the power supply to passive network, and avoid the risk of commutation failure, and obtain the individual control of active power and reactive power, and is also easy to construct multi-terminal DC system.Two nonlinear control strategies for the VSC-HVDC transmission system are mai

6、nly studied in this paper. In the first strategy, a nonlinear transient mathematical model of VSC-HVDC transmission system in synchronously rotating dq frame is built. To design the controller for this nonlinear system directly, the approach of state feedback exact linearization is adopted to change

7、 the nonlinear mathematical model into the linear one; then utilizing the variable structure control method, the controllers for rectifying side and inversion side are designed, thus the constant voltage at DC side and independent decoupling control for active power and reactive power can be impleme

8、nted.In the second strategy, a nonlinear transient mathematical model of VSC-HVDC in synchronously rotating dq frame is developed and the passivity of the system is also verified. In order to realize the decoupling control between the active power and reactive power, a dual closed loop control strat

9、egy is established. The control strategy includes an outer loop, which contains the DC voltage together with active and reactive power regulators used to generate the inner dq-axis reference currents id*,iq*; and an inner loop, which consists of a passivity-based current controller that applied to t

10、rack the reference currents. Finally, a MATLAB-based simulation model is constructed for simulation analysis of the controllers proposed. Simulation results show that the designed controllers possess satisfied transient control performance and strong robustness.A nonlinear transient mathematical mod

11、el of VSC-HVDC system in synchronously rotating dq frame is developed. In rectifier side, the approach of state feedback exact linearization is adopted to change the nonlinear mathematical model into the linear one, and the variable structure control method is used to design controllers; in the inve

12、rter side, the feedforward decoupling control strategy is adopted to design controllers. At last, the MATLAB simulation results show that the controller has excellent startup and fault recovery performances, and can realize independent decoupling control for active and reactive power.【關(guān)鍵詞】電壓源換流器 高壓直

13、流輸電 狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化 變結(jié)構(gòu)控制 無源控制器【英文關(guān)鍵詞】Voltage Sourced Converter(VSC) High Voltage Direct Current(HVDC) state feedback exact linearization variable structure control passivity-based controller【目錄】輕型高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)的非線性控制策略研究 摘要 6-7 Abstract 7 第一章 緒論 12-20 1.1 HVDC的發(fā)展過程和現(xiàn)狀 12-13 1.2 HVDC技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)和局限性 13-14 1.3 VSC-HVDC

14、的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 14-15 1.4 VSC-HVDC的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 15-16 1.5 VSC-HVDC的研究現(xiàn)狀 16-18 1.5.1 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)工作原理和數(shù)學(xué)模型研究 16-17 1.5.2 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)的控制器設(shè)計(jì)研究 17 1.5.3 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)和控制策略研究 17-18 1.5.4 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)調(diào)制波的生成方法研究 18 1.5.5 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)在實(shí)際領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用研究 18 1.6 課題的主要工作 18-20 第二章 VSC-HVDC的運(yùn)行原理和數(shù)學(xué)模型 20-23 2.1 VSC-HVDC的運(yùn)行原理和數(shù)學(xué)模型 20-23 2.1

15、.1 VSC-HVDC的運(yùn)行原理 20-21 2.1.2 VSC-HVDC的數(shù)學(xué)模型 21-23 第三章 非線性系統(tǒng)理論 23-33 3.1 多輸入多輸出非線性系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化設(shè)計(jì)原理 23-27 3.1.1 狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化涉及的幾個(gè)基本概念 23-26 3.1.2 狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化的條件 26-27 3.1.3 狀態(tài)反饋精確線性化方法的設(shè)計(jì)方法 27 3.2 變結(jié)構(gòu)控制理論 27-30 3.2.1 變結(jié)構(gòu)控制的基本問題 28-29 3.2.2 滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制的設(shè)計(jì) 29-30 3.3 無源性控制理論 30-33 3.3.1 無源性的概念 30-31 3.3.2 系統(tǒng)的無源性和穩(wěn)定

16、性 31-32 3.3.3 歐拉-拉格朗日系統(tǒng) 32-33 第四章 基于精確線性化變結(jié)構(gòu)的VSC-HVDC的控制器設(shè)計(jì) 33-44 4.1 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)控制方式 33 4.2 選擇合適的系統(tǒng)輸入、輸出量 33-34 4.3 系統(tǒng)的精確線性化和變結(jié)構(gòu)控制器設(shè)計(jì) 34-38 4.3.1 VSC-HVDC的精確線性化解耦 35-37 4.3.2 變結(jié)構(gòu)控制器設(shè)計(jì) 37-38 4.4 VSC-HVDC輸電系統(tǒng)MATLAB仿真 38-44 4.4.1 有功功率反轉(zhuǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn) 39-40 4.4.2 無功功率階躍響應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn) 40-41 4.4.3 系統(tǒng)電壓階躍響應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn) 41-42 4.4.4 換流站參數(shù)攝動實(shí)驗(yàn) 42-44 第五章 VSC-HVDC系統(tǒng)的無源性控制器設(shè)計(jì) 44-53 5.1 三相電壓型PWM換流器結(jié)構(gòu) 44-45 5.2 無源性控制器設(shè)計(jì) 45-47 5.2.1 VSC-HVDC內(nèi)環(huán)參考電流計(jì)算 45-46 5.2.2 內(nèi)環(huán)無源控制器設(shè)計(jì) 46-47 5.3 仿真分析 47-53 5.3.1 系統(tǒng)啟動到穩(wěn)態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn) 48-49 5.3.2 有功功率、無功功率階躍響應(yīng) 49-50 5.3.3 逆變側(cè)三相接地短路