初二上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

1、初二上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 第一單元 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 1) shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。 “will+do” will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭(zhēng)求看法時(shí)常用于其次人稱。 which paragraph shall i read first. will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示將來(lái)。 a. 主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。 what are you going to do tomorrow? b. 方案，支配要發(fā)生的事。 the play is going to be produced next mo

2、nth。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事 look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) “be +doing”表將來(lái)，按方案或正式支配將發(fā)生的事。 we are to discuss the report next saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意為立刻做某事。 he is about to leave for *. 留意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 其次單元 征求對(duì)方看法，和一般過去時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)的用法 1)在確定的過去時(shí)間里

3、所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 where did you go just now? 2)表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，常常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 when i was a child, i often played football in the street. whenever the browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型： it is time for sb. to do s

4、th 到時(shí)間了 該了 it is time sb. did sth. 時(shí)間已遲了 早該了 it is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。 it is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧愿某人做某事' i'd rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時(shí)，作摸索性的詢問、懇求、建議等。 i thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。 比

5、較： 一般過去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。 christine was an invalid all her life. (含義：她已不在人間。) christine has been an invalid all her life. (含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著) 留意： 用過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。 1)動(dòng)詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 did you want anything else? i wondered if you could help me. 2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could, would. could you lend me

6、 your bike? 第三單元 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1) 概念：表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作。 2) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景;一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。 3) 常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while my brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. it was raining when they left

7、 the station. when i got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 典型例題 1) mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. a. made b. is * c. was * d. makes 答案c. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同 時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)供應(yīng)事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 2) as she _ the news*, granny _ asleep. read; was falling b. was reading; fell

8、 c. was reading; was falling d. read;fell 答案b.句中的as = when, while，意為當(dāng)之時(shí)。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行;一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell (fall的過去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。 練習(xí)題 第四單元 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)可以看書上p100 用過去時(shí)就行了 第四單元 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)可以看書上p100 用過去時(shí)就行了 第五單元 if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on

9、con*ion that 等。. if 引導(dǎo)的條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。非真實(shí)條件句已在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中闡述。 unless = if not. let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. if you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. 典型例題 you will be late _ you leave immediately. a. unless b. until c. if d. or 答案a。 句意：除非你馬上走，否則你就回遲到的?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為 if you do

10、ng leave immediately, you will be late. b、d句意不對(duì)，or表轉(zhuǎn)折，句子如為 you leave immediately or you will be late. 和 will和would 留意： 1)would like; would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。 would you like to go with me? 2)will you? would you like? 表示確定含義的懇求勸告時(shí)，疑問句中一般用some, 而不是any。 would you like some cake? 3)否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一種委婉語(yǔ)氣。 won't you sit down? 練習(xí)題(這個(gè)較簡(jiǎn)潔) 第六單元 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀 態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去 但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或 狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成： have (has) +過去分詞。 主要句型：for+段時(shí)間sincesince的