常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解

1、 常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解 常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解 、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有詞義，但它不能單獨(dú)作謂語，它必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成 謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化；它的后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形 二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的種類： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 詞義 否定形式 詞義 can 能夠，會(huì) cant 不能，不會(huì) could 能夠，會(huì) couldn t 不能，不會(huì) may 可以 / / must 必須 mustn t 不允許，不能 shall 將，要 shant 將不要 should 應(yīng)該 shouldn t 不應(yīng)該 need 需要 neednt 不必 would 將會(huì)，愿 wouldnt 不會(huì)，不愿 三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法及主要句型： 1、

2、 Can I help you? - Yes, please. / No, thanks. 2、 Can + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形？ Yes,can. No,can t. 3、 Can I borrow your book?-Yes,of course. 4、 Can I write on the book? - No, you can mustn t. 5、 Could Can you help me?- Yes,of course.Certainly. Sure. 6、 Could Can you tell me the way to the Zoo? 2 7、 May I come in

3、?Come in, please. 8、 Sorry, please don t. 9、 May I have some Coke?- Yes, of course. 10、 May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -Speaking. Who s calling? 11、 should、shouldn表示勸告： 1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldn t play computer game too much. 12、 Should +主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形? Yes,should. No,shouldn t. 13、 表示建

4、議 你愿意嗎” -Would you like to go shopping with me? -Yes, I d love to. /I d love to. But I m busy now. 14、 就餐用語 Would you like something to eatdrink? -Yes, I d like 15、 shall 用于第一人稱( (I, we),可以表示 將”和表示建議 “好嗎？” 1) Where shall we have dinner? 2) Shall we go fishing? -All right. OK. Good idea. 16、 Must + 主

5、語 + 動(dòng)詞原形? -Yes,must.No,needn t. 四常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別： 1. can (could) 1) 表示能力，could 主要指過去時(shí)間。 Two eyes can see more than one 兩只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school 這女孩上學(xué)前能識(shí)字嗎？ 2) 表示可能(理論上或是邏輯判斷上)。 He can t (couldnt) have enough money for a new car 他不可能有足夠的錢買新車。 3) 表示允許。 Can I have a look at y

6、our new pen? 我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？ 4) 表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to?他 們會(huì)去哪兒了呢？ He can t (couldn t) be over sixty.他不可能超過六十歲。 How can you be so careless 你怎么這么粗心！ 3 5) 比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 幫我一把好嗎？ 2. may (might) 1) 表允許，might 可以指過去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語氣更

7、委婉。 You may take whatever you like .你喜歡什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room.他告訴我可以在房間里抽煙。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？ 在回答以 may 引起的問句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如 Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont ./ You d better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣。 2) 表可能(事實(shí)上)。

8、可以指過去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語氣更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道這件事。 They might be having a meeting, but Im not sure.他們有可能在開會(huì)，不過我不肯定。 3. must 1）表示義務(wù)。意為 “必須 ”（主觀意志）。 We must do everything step by step 我們一切都必須循序漸進(jìn)地做。 You mustnt talk to her like that.你不可能那樣對(duì)她說話。 -Must we hand in o

9、ur exercisebooks now? 我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習(xí)本嗎？ -No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.不必。（這種情況下，一般不用 mustnt） 2）表示揣測(cè)。意為 “想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定 ”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale 他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。 4. shall 1） 表征詢意見，用于第一、第三人稱疑問句。 Shall I get you some tea?我 給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎？ Shall the boy wait outside?讓那男孩在外面等嗎？ What shall we do th

10、is evening?我 們今晚做什么？ 2） 表說話人的意愿，有 “命令、允諾、警告、決心 ”等意思，用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。 You shall do as I say.按我說的做。（命令） You shall have my answer tomorrow 你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。（允諾） He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他會(huì)后悔的，我告訴你。 （警告） 4 Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan 什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。（決心） 5. will 1） 表意

11、愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。 I will do anything for you. 我愿為你做任何事。 2） 表請(qǐng)求，用于疑問句。 Will you close the window? Its a bit cold. 請(qǐng)你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？有點(diǎn)冷。 3） 表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 Fish will die out of water. 魚離開水就不能活。 6. should 1）表義務(wù)。意為 “應(yīng)該 ”（某件事宜于做） ，用于各種人稱。 You shouldnt waste any time. 你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 2）表推測(cè)，意為 “想必一定、照說應(yīng)該、估計(jì) ”等。 They should be

12、 home by now 照說他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。 7. would 1）表意愿。 I said I would do anything for you. 我說過我愿意為你做任何事。 2）表委婉地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或看法。 Would you like another glass of beer*再來杯啤酒好嗎？ 3）表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過去的一種傾向。 Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help 她每遇至 U 麻煩都會(huì)向她求助。他 告訴我盒子打不開了。 相關(guān)練習(xí) （一） 用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。 1. Must I

13、borrow the book with my ID card* No, you _ . 2. _ I use your car* Yes, you _ . 3. _ I go home now* No, you _ stay here. 4. My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her. 5. _ you like some tea* 6. You _ take more exercise. 7. _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park* 5 8. The clock _ tel

14、l us the time. 9. _ you like to go fishing with me* 10. _ we play football this afternoon* （二 ） 按要求改寫句子。 1. I can run fast. I _ _ fast. （否定句 ） 2. You must return the book now（. 一般疑問句） _ I the book now* No, you _ . 3. He can play basketball well. （一般疑問句） _ he _ basketball well* 4. They must take the

15、books out of the room（. 否定句） They _ the books out of the room. 5. He should get up early.否定句) ) He _ get up late. (三三) 單項(xiàng)選擇。 ()1. _ you like some milk ? A . Would B. Could C . Can ()2. We _ pick the flower in the park. A. can t B. dont C. mustnt ( )3. We should _ more trees, and we shouldn t cut any

16、 trees. A. plant B. planting C. plants ()4. May I have some coffee? A. Yes,you have. B. Yes,you can. C. Yes,certainly. ()5. Shall we visit the factory? A. Yes,we do. B. Yes, we shall. C. All right. ( )6. Would you like something to eat? A. Yes,we would. B. Yes, I d like some cakes.C. Yes, of course.

17、 ()7. What can I do for you? A. Yes,you can. B. No,I can do it. C. Yesd like some orange (四四) 根據(jù)所學(xué)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，填寫適當(dāng)形式。 1) _ you like to go fishing with me? 2) _ I go home now? No, you _ stay here. 6 3) You _ take more exercise. 4) The clock _ tell us the time. 5) _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park

18、? 6) My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her. 7) _ you like some tea? 8) Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you _ . 9) _ I use your car? Yes, you _ . 10) _ we play football this afternoon? (五五) 對(duì)劃線部分提問。 1. We must nt pick, the flowers in the park.7 2. We should piantmoretrees. 3. I would you like some, ca.kes to eat? 4. She could swim, five .years, ago. 5. We should protect animals.becausetheyarejour, goodfriends . 6. Tom could go to the