建設(shè)工程勞務(wù)分包的常見風(fēng)險與防范

1、mplifie d EIA ofconstructi on proje cts in t he region. Interms ofland,linked to the implementati on ofurba n andrural constr uction la nd i ncrea seand de crease,repla cementi ndi catorsforpri orityareas proje ct.Charges, i nto the projects ofwater,ele ctricity,admini strativecharge sa nd preferent

2、i alpolicie s.In t hearea oftaxation,and settle d in area s ofindustry a nd its producti on compa ny, within 5yearsafterthe completion offiscalincentive sto enter prise s.Interms offinancing,i ntegration of land,tax,financi aland other resource s, andconstr uct"Gover nment credit + busi ness cr

3、edit" cre dit system,esta blishmentofmarketization,commercializationa nd moderni zation ofthe inve stment andfinancingplatform; effective Ba nk-enterpri se docki ng,e ncourages privateca pital intot he Park,torai seindustry developmentfund.5, optimizethe environme ntand servi ce industrie s.Toc

4、reate "policyl owlands, Highla nds,integrity ofservi ce la nd, development la nd" asthe goal, tooptimizevelopment envir onme nt.Alladmi nistrative law enfor cementdepartment s to appoi nta full-timepersonnelstatione d inare as de dicate d to coor dinati ng andsolvi ngproblemsa ssociated wi

5、t h busi nesses in t his se ctor.Whenthere are substantialissues,sectorle adersarra ngedto personal ly intervene,in-per son, in-person push tangi blearea buil dinga gree n light,easy li ne.Tofurtherre duce andstandardi zeadmi nistrativeexamination andappr oval items,simplify examination a ndapproval

6、li nks,impr oveefficiency; accor ding to t he .tional practi ceofthe ma ss line ofthe party,himself seriouslyin thee ducation, practi cal controlce ntral"eight rules" andopposing "the fourwi nds" a ndpractici ng "threeSuns",andcheckthespirit of JiaoYul u,ideol ogy, soli

7、cit opi nions base d on outsta ndi ng problems checked sw ing, careful a nalysi s andreflection.Willnowcheckreportis a sfollow s: first,adherence tot heparty's politi caldi sci pline, eight int he ce ntralprovi sion,change t he style ofthebasi csit uation of1, in compli ancewith t he party's

8、 politi cal di sci pline s.Conscienti ouslyabi debythe party's politica ldiscipline, abi de by t heConstit ution a ndt he rule s and regulati ons oftheparty, int hepolitical ,ide ologi caland maintain highly consiste ntwiththeCPC Ce ntralCommitteeonthe a ction,there i s novi olation ofthe party&

9、#39;spolitical discipli nepr oblems.2, int heimpleme ntation ofthecentralaut hori tiesofthe eight provisi ons.Impr oving research, improving resear ch methods, butthere arelessgrass-rootsunits,nadequate graspofthe problem,which is to be strengthe ne d in thefut ure.Se cond, con structi on, strictlyi

10、na ccorda nce wit h the provisi onstostreamlinea nd im provethe quality of meetings oftheConference.Thir d,streamlini ng filebriefs,culture i nvolves al laspe cts ofpropagandaa ndideol ogy,sometimesduetothe practical ne eds ofinventi on notifications,t his area needs further建設(shè)工程勞務(wù)分包的常見風(fēng)險與防范一、勞務(wù)分包的概念

11、及法律特征1、勞務(wù)分包的概念在法律層面， “勞務(wù)分包”一詞最先由建設(shè)部 87 號令提出，2001 年頒布的建設(shè)部 87 號令印發(fā)了建筑業(yè)企業(yè)資質(zhì)管理規(guī)定及相關(guān)文件，設(shè)置了施工總承包、專業(yè)分包、勞務(wù)分包企業(yè)三個層次，從行業(yè)法規(guī)角度提出建筑勞務(wù)分包的概念，為勞務(wù)分包的合法性提供了法律依據(jù),確認(rèn)了勞務(wù)分包的法律地位。2004 年 10 月 25 日 最高人民法院關(guān)于審理建設(shè)工程施工合同糾紛案件適用法律問題的解釋（以下簡稱最高院工程案件司法解釋）第七條明確規(guī)定:“具有勞務(wù)作業(yè)法定資質(zhì)的承包人與總承包人、分包人簽訂的勞務(wù)分包合同 ,當(dāng)事人以轉(zhuǎn)包建設(shè)工程違反法律規(guī)定為由請求確認(rèn)無效的，不予支持”進(jìn)一步明確

12、了勞務(wù)分包合同不屬違法轉(zhuǎn)包的法律性質(zhì)。最高人民法院民一庭編著的建設(shè)工程施工合同司法解釋的理解與適用中的勞務(wù)分包概念的詮釋： “勞務(wù)分包是指施工總承包企業(yè)或者專業(yè)承包企業(yè)即勞務(wù)作業(yè)發(fā)包人將其承包工程中的勞務(wù)作業(yè)發(fā)包給具有相應(yīng)資質(zhì)的勞務(wù)承包企業(yè)即勞務(wù)作業(yè)承包人完成的活動”。2、勞務(wù)分包的法律特征：（ 1）從屬性：勞務(wù)分包合同僅存在于施工勞務(wù)的承發(fā)包之間，沒有建設(shè)工程施工合同，就不會派生出勞務(wù)分包合同等相關(guān)內(nèi)容。（ 2）客體的無形性：勞務(wù)分包合同的客體是勞動力的使用，是勞務(wù)分包的勞務(wù)作業(yè)而不是分包工程本身。發(fā)包的是施工勞務(wù)作業(yè)而非分部、分項工程。勞務(wù)作業(yè)發(fā)包人僅將其承包建設(shè)工程任務(wù)中的勞務(wù)作業(yè)任務(wù)分

13、包給勞務(wù)作業(yè)承包人，分包所指向的對象是完成工程的勞務(wù)。tthhee aprreinacuipnldere ofdsiemveplloifipementd eEnIvAirofconstrounctmient.oAnllaprdomjeictsniisntrtathivee rleagwioenn.fIonrtermsofcleanmde,nltindkeepartmentsdttootahpepiomiplemnetnataftuill-timepeornsonofnuelrbanastnadtirounrealcodninstrareausctdieondliacatnedidtnocrce

14、oaorseandddineatingcraenadsse,olrveiplangceprmoebnletmisandiscastoocrisatfeodrpwriitohribtuysaireansessespirnojtect.hiCshsaergesc,toir.Whenntoththereearpersoujebcsttsantialiofwater,elesscuterisc,istye,catdormlieniadersstraartriavechnarggeedtosapenrsdopnraelferleynintiterveanlep,oilnic-pieers.In tsoh

15、n,e ianr-epaersoonftaxatiopnu,sahntdansegittle blearedainbarueiladingsa ogfrienedustrnyliaght,nedaitssyliprodnuec.tiTofurotnhercorempadnyu,ceawnidthsitnand5ayrdeiarsaftertzheeadcommiplentiistrativeexaomninoaftifoisncaalnidnacentiveppsrtoovealnitteerms,prsiismeplifys.eIxnatmeirnmatsioffinancoinng,ain

16、dapntpergorvaatilolinnofklsa,nidm,ptrax,finoavneciefficiencya;laancdcoortherresdionugrcteothes.,.andconstruct"Gover nment credit + busi ness credit" cre dit system,esta blishmentof marketization,commercializationa nd moderni zation ofthe inve stment andfinancingplatform; effective Ba nk-en

17、terpri se docki ng,e ncourages privateca pital intot he Park,torai seindustry developmentfund.5, optimizethe environme ntand servi ce industrie s.Tocreate "policyl owlands, Highla nds,integrity ofservi ce la nd, development la nd" asthe goal, tooptimizeSince thee ducational practi ceofthe

18、ma ss line ofthe party,himself seriouslyin thee ducation, practi cal controlce ntral"eight rules" andopposing "the fourwi nds" a ndpractici ng "threeSuns",andcheckthespirit of JiaoYul u,ideol ogy, solicit opi nions base d on outsta ndi ng problems checked sw ing, carefu

19、l a nalysi s andreflection.Willnowcheckreportis a sfollow s: first,adherence tot heparty's politi caldi sci pline, eight int he ce ntralprovi sion,change t he style ofthebasi csit uation of1, in compli ancewith t he party's politi cal di sci pline s.Conscienti ouslyabi debythe party's po

20、litica ldiscipline, abi de by t heConstit ution a ndt he rule s and regulati ons oftheparty, int hepolitical ,ide ologi caland maintain highly consiste ntwiththeCPC Ce ntralCommitteeonthe a ction,there i s novi olation ofthe party'spolitical discipli nepr oblems.2, int he impleme ntation ofthece

21、ntralaut hori tiesofthe eight provisi ons.Impr oving research, improving resear ch methods, butthere arelessgrass-rootsunits,primaryfirst-hand an inadequate graspofthe problem,which is to be strengthe ne d in thefut ure.Se cond, constructi on, strictlyina ccorda nce wit h the provisi onstostreamline

22、a nd im provethe quality of meetings oftheConference.Thir d,streamlini ng filebriefs,culture i nvolves al laspe cts ofpropagandaa ndideol ogy,sometimesduetothe practical ne eds ofinventi on notifications,t his area needs further3、勞務(wù)分包與專業(yè)分包、工程轉(zhuǎn)包及肢解分包的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系最高人民法院在其司法解釋中明確勞務(wù)分包不屬違法轉(zhuǎn)包范疇，基于建筑法 ， 房屋建筑和市政基礎(chǔ)

23、設(shè)施工程施工分包管理辦法的規(guī)定，進(jìn)行比較分析如下：（ 1）概念不同勞務(wù)分包是工程承包人將建筑工程施工中的勞務(wù)作業(yè)發(fā)包給具有勞務(wù)承包資質(zhì)的其他施工企業(yè)的行為；專業(yè)分包是工程總承包人將建筑工程施工中除主體結(jié)構(gòu)施工外的其他專業(yè)工程發(fā)包給具有相應(yīng)資質(zhì)的其他施工企業(yè)的行為；轉(zhuǎn)包與肢解分包是不履行合同約定，將其承包的全部工程發(fā)包給他人，或者將其承包的全部工程肢解后以分包的名義分別發(fā)包給他人的行為。（ 2）合同主體不同勞務(wù)分包合同的主體是工程總包人或?qū)I(yè)承包人為一方，勞務(wù)分包人為另一方；專業(yè)分包合同的主體是總包人和專業(yè)承包人;轉(zhuǎn)包通常發(fā)生在總包人和轉(zhuǎn)承包人之間；肢解發(fā)包發(fā)生在發(fā)包人和不同的承包人之間。（ 3

24、）合同標(biāo)的不同勞務(wù)分包標(biāo)的僅指向工程中的勞務(wù)，是計件或計時的施工勞務(wù)，指向的對象是完成工程分包的勞務(wù)作業(yè)而不是分包工程本身；專業(yè)分包的對象是承包合同中的建設(shè)工程；轉(zhuǎn)包和肢解發(fā)包的對象是工程或分部分項的工程，是承發(fā)包合同中整個建設(shè)工程的全部或一部分。在轉(zhuǎn)包的情況下，轉(zhuǎn)包人是將承包的全部建設(shè)工程任務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給轉(zhuǎn)承包人，建設(shè)工程任務(wù)中的經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)責(zé)任、管理責(zé)任及勞務(wù)作業(yè)任務(wù)。treamlining.F our aresta ndar dvisits,except asre quire d to partici patein traini ng, no ot hera ctivity.Five ist o

25、improve newsreporti ng,forpropaganda work strictly a ccordingt othe reg ulations.Six is stri ctly your presentationpublishe d strictly a ccor ding tothe reg ulations.Seven isstrictlythrift,required the usey.3, change thestyl e.Propaganda andide ologi calw ork ofthe newsit uation andnew r equirements

26、 ofthe ne wtasks, had done alot offruitfulwork, has mademanyachievements, butfurther closertothe grass roots, close t o reality, close to themasse s andalso ina dequate innovation mustcontinuetoimprov e.Second,the "fourwinds" some outsta ndi ng issues 1,opposeformalism.Onethe ory isthat he

27、di dn't,wit hlesscl ose conta ct.Theoreti calstudyofconsciousness isnot highenoug h,system perform ancei s notstrong e nough;more pa ssivelear ning, active le arning fewge neralitiesa nd l earnmore ,delvi ng intol ess.Espe cially ba sed onrationalthi nking on majorissues,and e ssence ofthescient

28、ificOutl ookon development,r,but nota ngibl eresult s.Thir d,innovati on,lay,to acertain extent,affect thedevelnd,innovation doesnot exist.opme nt andimpleme ntationof idea sand initiatives. Second,work arrangements,aIn practical work,notyour head,previ ous workexperi ence, lack ofinnovationinitiati

29、vend less supervisis,studyon thes theobje ctive,w hich nee dsto kee p the continuityefforts depl oyed,butstre ssed in theworktime,lesssupervi sion.For example ,col orweeke nds inthesummertheatogicalw orkundert he ne wsituati onthr oug h,grip on grassroot s ide ologi cal trendsa nd cha nges are notde

30、ep,t o prom otenewi nitiatives a ndexplore new methodsricalactivitie s,citysquareofideologi caland culturalwperformances,ork isnotmuch,ashows theimplementation is ina dequate,insufficie nt cult uralane ducationalrole t o play.Thir d baseenoug4,di scpiline, loweri ng,a nd hard work are lacki ng.While

31、w orking a nde nterprisingspirit down.No re alsol-lessreal.Pra nda andi deol ogicalwork int he ne wsituati onpasthonors,the ircom place ncy,a ndwofchara cteristics and regularity ofenough, deepeorktose e theirscore s more,lesschecki ng hispi nion Dynami cs survey, fohe prai se,sati sfied face,cally

32、drivgrass-ronli ne pr omotion,there aremplifie d EIA ofconstructi on proje cts in t he region. Interms ofland,linked to the implementati on ofurba n andrural constr uction la nd i ncrea seand de crease,repla cementi ndi catorsforpri orityareas proje ct.Charges, i nto the projects ofwater,ele ctricit

33、y,admini strative charge sandpreferenti alpolicie s.In t hearea oftaxation,and settle d in area s ofindustry a ndits producti oncompa ny, within 5yearsafterthe completion off iscalincentive sto enter prise s.Interms offinancing,i ntegration of land,tax,financi aland other resource s, andconstr uct&q

34、uot;Gov er nment credit + busi ness credit" cre dit system,esta blishmentofmarketization,commercializationa nd moderni zation ofthe inve stment andfinancingplatform; effective Ba nk-enterpri se docki ng,e ncourages privateca pital intot he Park,torai seindustry developmentfund.5, optimizethe en

35、vironme ntand servi ce industrie s.Tocreate "policyl owlands, Highla nds,integrity ofservi ce la nd, development la nd" asthe goal, tooptimizevelopment envir onme nt.Alladmi nistrative law enfor cementdepartment s to appoi nta full-timepersonnelstatione d inare as de dicate d to coor dinat

36、i ng andsolvi ngproblemsa ssociated wit h busi nesses in t his se ctor.Whenthere are substantialissues,sectorle adersarra nged to personal ly intervene,in -per son, in-person push tangi blearea buil dinga gree n light,easy li ne.Tofurtherre duce andstandardi zeadmi nistrativeexamination andappr oval

37、 items,simplify examination a ndapprovalli nks,impr oveefficiency; accor ding to t he .tional practi ceofthe ma ss line ofthe party,himself seriouslyin thee ducation, practi cal controlce ntral" eightrules"and opposi ng "the fourwi nds" a nd practici ng "threeSuns",andc

38、heckthespirit of JiaoYul u,ideol ogy, solicit opi nions base don outstandi ng problems checked sw ing, careful a nalysi s andreflection.Willnowcheckreportis a sfollow s: first,adherence tot heparty's politi caldi sci pline, eight int he ce ntralprovi sion,change t he style ofthebasi csit uation

39、of1, in compli ancewith t he party's politi cal di sci pline s.Conscienti ouslyabi debythe party's politica ldiscipline, abi de by t heConstit ution a ndthe rule s and regulati ons oftheparty, int hepolitical ,ide ologi caland maintain highly consiste ntwiththeCPC Ce ntralCommitteeonthe a ct

40、ion,there i s novi olation ofthe party'spolitical discipli nepr oblems.2, int heimpleme ntation ofthecentralaut hori tiesofthe eight provisi ons.Impr oving research, improving resear chmethods,butthere arelessgrass -rootsunits,（ 4）法律效力不同勞務(wù)分包屬合法行為；專業(yè)分包未取得發(fā)包人同意的，屬于法律規(guī)定的無效行為 ;轉(zhuǎn)包和肢解發(fā)包均屬于法律法規(guī)明確禁止的無效行

41、為。（ 5）承擔(dān)工程責(zé)任的范圍不同勞務(wù)分包雙方均按合同規(guī)定承擔(dān)相應(yīng)責(zé)任，并不共同向發(fā)包人承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任；在專業(yè)工程分包條件下，總包人要對分包工程實施管理，總包、分包雙方要對分包的工程以及分包工程的質(zhì)量缺陷向發(fā)包人承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任（法律依據(jù)：合同法第 272 條規(guī)定： “第三人就其完成的工作成果與總承包人或者勘察、 設(shè)計、 施工承包人向發(fā)包人承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任。”建筑法 第 29 條規(guī)定： “總承包單位和分包單位就分包工程對建設(shè)單位承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任?！保?；轉(zhuǎn)包的雙方對因此造成的質(zhì)量或其他問題要對發(fā)包人承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任;肢解發(fā)包造成的質(zhì)量或其它問題由發(fā)包人和肢解承包人承擔(dān)相應(yīng)責(zé)任，總承包人不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。（ 6）是否允

42、許分包的限制不同一般認(rèn)為，勞務(wù)分包是指工程建設(shè)過程中施工企業(yè)之間（或施工企業(yè)與勞務(wù)分包企業(yè)之間）進(jìn)行的勞務(wù)作業(yè)承、發(fā)包行為，無須經(jīng)過建設(shè)單位或總承包人的同意（法律依據(jù)：工程案件司法解釋）第 7 條規(guī)定 :“具有勞務(wù)作業(yè)法定資質(zhì)的承包人與總承包人、分包人簽訂的勞務(wù)分包合同,當(dāng)事人以轉(zhuǎn)包建設(shè)工程違反法律規(guī)定為由請求確認(rèn)無效的，不予支持”） ；專業(yè)工程分包必須經(jīng)建設(shè)單位同意，否則分包行為無效（法律依據(jù)：合同法 第 272 條規(guī)定： “總承包人或者勘察、 設(shè)計、 施工承包人經(jīng)發(fā)包人同意，可以將自己承包的部分工作交由第三人完成”，建筑法第 29條規(guī)定： “建筑工程總承包單位可以將承包工程中的部分工程發(fā)包

43、給具有相應(yīng)資質(zhì)條件的分包單位； 但是， 除總承包合同中約定的分包外，必須經(jīng)建設(shè)單位認(rèn)可。”） 。（ 7）收取費用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及方式不同treamlining.Four are standard visits, exce ptas required t o partici pate intrai ning, no ot her activit y.Five istoimpr ove new s reporting,forpr opaga ndawork strictly a ccordingt othe regulati ons.Six isstrictlyyourpre sentati on pub

44、li shed strict ly according t othe regul ations.Seven isstrictlythrift,required theuseofvehicl esand office spa ceand corporate hospitality.3,change thestyle.Propaganda a nd ideol ogicalw ork ofthe newsit uation a nd new re quirement s ofthenewtasks, had done alot offruitfulwork,ha s made many a chi

45、eveme nts,but further closertothegrass root s, closeto reality, close to thema ssesand al so i nade quatei nnovation m ustcontinue toimpr ove. Second,the"four winds"some outstanding issues 1, oppose formali sm.Onethe oryis that he di dn't,with l ess close contact.T heoreticalst udy ofc

46、onsci ousness isnot hig henough,system performanceis not strong enoug h;more passive l earni ng,activele arni ng fewgeneralitiesa nd lear nmore, delvingi nto less.Espe cially ba sed on rational thi nkingonmajorissue s, applying t heory to g uidet hework doneis notgood e noug h, notreallyundersta nda

47、 nd graspthe spiritand essenceofthescie ntificOutlookondevelopment, did not trulya chiev e mastery,to a ppl y, to acertain ex tent, affectthe developmenta nd impleme ntation of idea s andi nitiatives.Se cond,w ork arrangeme nts,a nd less supervision. Propaganda and ide ologi calw ork isthe obje ctiv

48、e,w hich nee dsto kee pthe conti nuity efforts depl oyed, but stressedi nthew orktime,less supervisi on. Forexampl e,colorweeke nds inthesummertheatricalactivitie s,citysquare performances, urging tow nships, com munitiesa nd r uralareasshow s theimpleme ntation is ina dequate,i nsufficie ntcultural

49、 an e ducationalrole t o play.Third base e nough,mastergrass-l ess real.Propaganda andideologi calworki n the newsit uationofcharacteristics and regularityofenough, deep enoug hfor grass-r oot s public opniion Dynami cs survey,forgrass-rootstypically driveless.For example , ruralculture team active,

50、.I'm not activelytakethe initiativetotake up,the lackofspirit ofdaringto, re sulti ng in somejobha da lotofpower,but notangi ble results.T hird,i nnovation,lackof motivation.Emancipationdid not end, i nnovati on doe snotexist.In practical work,not yourhead,previousw orkexperie nce, l ack ofinnov

51、ati on initiatives,studyon thecharacteri stics ofpropagandaand ideologi calwork under the newsit uation through, gripon grassroot s ide ologi cal trendsand changes arenot dee p,to pr omotenewinitiativesand ex plore new methods ofideol ogicala nd culturalwork is notmuch, a nd somelack of relevance an

52、dtimeli ness.4, disci pline, low ering,a nd hard work ar e lacking.Whileworki ng andenter prisi ng spirit dow n.No realsolutiontotreatyourselfright, correctlytreat pasthonors, theircomplacency,and w orktose e theirscore more, less checking hisown shortcomings,liketolistento theprai se,satisfie dface

53、,onlineprom otion,therearethe principl e ofsimplifie d EIA ofconstructi on proje cts in t he region. Interms ofland,linked to the implementati on ofurba n andrural construction la nd i ncrea seand de crease,repla cementi ndi catorsforpriorityareas proje ct.Charges, into the projects ofwater,ele ctri

54、city,admini strativecharge sa nd preferenti alpolicie s.In t hearea oftaxation,and settle d in area s ofindustry a nd itsproducti on compa ny, within 5yearsafterthe completion offiscalincentivesto enter prises.Interms offinancing,i ntegrationof land,tax,financi aland other resources, andconstruct&qu

55、ot;Gover nment credit +busi ness credit" credit system,establishmentofmarketization,commercializationa nd modernization ofthe investment andfinancingplatform; effective Ba nk-enterpri se docking,e ncouragesprivatecapital intot he Park,toraiseindustrydevelopmentfund.5, optimizethe environmentand

56、 service industries.Tocreate "policylowlands,Highla nds,integrity ofservice la nd, development land" asthe goal, tooptimizethe areaunder development envir onme nt.Alladmi nistrative law enfor cementdepartment s to appoi nta full-timepersonnelstatione d inareas de dicate d to coor dinati ng

57、 andsolvi ngproblemsa ssociated with busi nesses in t his se ctor.Whenthere are substantialissues,sectorle adersarra ngedto personal ly intervene,in-per son, in-person push tangi blearea buil dinga gree n light,easy line.Tofurtherre duce andstandardi zeadmi nistrativeexamination andappr oval items,s

58、implify examination a ndapprovallinks,impr oveefficiency; accor ding to the .Since thee ducational practi ceofthe ma ss line ofthe party,himself seriouslyin thee ducation, practi cal controlce ntral"eight rules" andopposing "the fourwi nds" a ndpractici ng "threeSuns",a

59、ndcheckthespiritof JiaoYul u,ideology, solicit opi nions base d on outsta ndi ng problems checked sw ing, careful a nalysi s andreflection.Willnowcheckre portis a sfollow s: first,adherence totheparty's politi caldi sci pline, eight int he ce ntralprovi sion,change the style ofthebasicsit uation of1, in compli ancewi