()初中英語動詞分類講解及練習(有答案)

1、(完整版)初中英語動詞分類講解及練習(有答案)動詞概述表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞叫做動詞。可以分為以下四類：類別例句使用特點實義/行為動詞及物動詞love, make后跟賓語不及物動詞go, rise后不跟賓語連系動詞be, look后跟表語助動詞be, have, do, shall, will, did本身沒有詞義，后跟動詞原形或分詞，構成疑問句或否定句等情態(tài)動詞can, may, mist本身有詞義，后跟動詞原形，構成謂語1、 實義動詞及物動詞與不及物動詞根據(jù)后面是否帶賓語，行為動詞又可分為及物動詞和不及物動詞，及物動詞。vt. vi .they study hard. i know them

2、well. 注：有的動詞既可作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞。如：she sings very well.she sang an english song just now. 英語里有不少實義動詞可以兼作及物動詞和不及物動詞。兼作及物動詞和不及物動詞時，_不變。試比較： shall i begin at once?she began working as a librarian after she left school.when did they leave chicago?they left last week. 短語：動態(tài)動詞和靜態(tài)動詞動態(tài)動詞表示動作，如give, take, work,

3、 run等；靜態(tài)動詞表示感覺、情感、內(nèi)心世界、相互關系等，如know, exist, be, have, appear, prove, concern, hate, dislike, like, love, surprise, include, depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞根據(jù)動作是否延續(xù)，行為動詞又分為延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞。如rain, live, work, learn等是延續(xù)性動詞，go, come, leave, start, arri

4、ve, join, finish, end等是非延續(xù)性動詞。注：非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中通常不與表示時間段連用的for短語連用。如：譯他離開這里三天了。誤he has left here for three days. 正he has been away from here for three days. 正he left here three days ago. 正its three days since he left. 限定動詞與非限定動詞限定動詞在句中作謂語，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。非限定動詞有動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞三種，也叫非謂語動詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。the room needs cl

5、eaning. 二、連系動詞 系動詞亦稱連系動詞，作為系動詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語（亦稱補語），構成系表結構說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。系動詞后不可接副詞，接的是形容詞。be： he is a teacher.（is與補足語一起說明主語的身份。）i am fine. 2、keep, rest, remain, stay,例如： he always kept silent at meeting. 他開會時總保持沉默。 this matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個謎。 3、表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有se

6、em, appear, look, 例如： he looks tired. he seems (to be) very sad. 4、feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： this kind of cloth feels very soft. this flower smells very sweet. 5、become, grow, turn, fall（asleep）, get, go, come, run. he became mad after that. she grew rich within a short time.6、終止系動詞。表示主語已終止動作，主

7、要有prove, turn out, 表達"證實"，"變成"之意，the rumor proved false. his plan turned out a success. （turn out表終止性結果）7使役動詞：let,have,make 使，讓let /make somebody do sththe teacher lets/makes them clean the classroom after school.make sb/sth adj. the story makes me happy. the color makes it look

8、beautiful.have somebody do sth 讓某人做某事have sth done 讓某物被做my mother haves me make the bed. i have my hair cut/washed.有些動詞它們既可以用作實義動詞，又可以用作連系動詞。另外be還可用作助動詞。它們的用法不同，詞義和句型結構也有所不同。例如：look at the blackboard, please.請看黑板。(look用作實義動詞) he looks a little tired.他略顯疲倦。(look用作連系動詞) they are at work.他們在工作。(are用作連系

9、動詞) they are working.他們正在工作。(are用作助動詞，幫助構成現(xiàn)在進行時) 3、 助動詞協(xié)助主要動詞構成謂語動詞詞組的詞叫助動詞。 助動詞是語法功能詞，自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用，它沒有對應的漢譯，例如： he doesn't like english.（doesn't是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義)1、助動詞be(is, am,are,was,were)，have(has, had, having)，do(did,does).*do(does, did) 的用法（1）構成疑問句或否定句(how) did you know he does n

10、ot smoke. （2）加強語氣。he did tell that.do come and see us.（3）代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動詞，避免重復。-you like popular music, don't you? -yes , i do.he speaks french as fluently as she does.（4）用于倒裝句中。never did he pay attention to my words.only then did i understand the importance of english.（5）構成否定的祈使句。don't be so care

11、less.do not hesitate to come for help.情態(tài)動詞can,could,may,might, shill,should, will,would,need,dear,have to, ought to. 1. mr wang _ be in nanjing now, he went to beijing only this morning.a. mustnt b. may not c. cant d. neednt 2. -must i stay at home, mum -no, you _.a. neednt b. mustnt c. dont d. may

12、not 3. -can you go swimming with us this afternoon?-sorry, i cant. i _ take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.a. can b. may c. would d. have to 4. -may i go to the cinema, mum -certainly. but you _ be back by 11 oclock.a. can b. may c. must d. need 5. to make our city more be

13、autiful, rubbish _ into the river.a. neednt be thrown b. mustnt be thrownc. cant throw d. may not throw 6. -may i go out to play basketball, dad?-no, you _. you must finish your homework first.a. mustnt b. may not c. couldnt d. neednt 7. -where is jack, please -he _ be in the reading room.a. can b.

14、need c. would d. musta. musnt b. may not c. cant d. neednt 8. -mum, may i watch tv now?-sure, but you _ help me with my housework first.a. can b. may c. must d. could 9. the boy said he had to speak english in class, but he _ speak it after calss.a. could b. didnt have to c. might d. shouldnt 10. jo

15、hn _ go there with us tonight, but he isnt very sure about it.a. must b. can c. will d. may 11. even the top students in our class cant work out this problem. so it _ be very difficult.a. can b. may c. must d. need 12. its still early. you _.t hurry b. wouldnt hurryc. may not hurry d. dont have to hurry 13. a computer _ think for itself, it must be told what to do.a. cant b. couldnt c. may not d. might not 14. -could i borrow your dictionary - yes, of cour