網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯中英文什么叫光纖與光纖應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域

1、鄭州輕工業(yè)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文丿英文翻譯什么叫光纖與光纖應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域計(jì)算機(jī)與通信工程學(xué)院學(xué)生姓名 專業(yè)班級(jí) 學(xué) 號(hào) 院（系）網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程*指導(dǎo)教師（職稱）* （講師英文原文what is fiber and fiber optic applicationsunderstanding the optical fiber, we first take a look at the propagation of light. just a straight line, but when the light exposure to a substance occurs when the refraction

2、and reflection. we often see the glass and mirrors, hreflectiven refers to the reflection of light; half of the straight stick into the cup is no longer a straight look is an illusion caused by light refraction. in fact, we have been able to see a variety of objects, that are caused by refraction an

3、d reflection of light (if there is no light, we could not see anything.)propagation of light in a vacuum can also be spread in certain substances, certain substances mentioned here, is called in the optical media or medium terms. glass, quartz, air, water, clear plastic so the light can be transmitt

4、ed, they are the medium of light transmission. different medium density is not the same, such as we know the density of water is much larger than the air. seemingly similar substances (such as glass and quartz), and their density is not the same. so, is divided into nlight denser medium11 and nlight

5、 sparse media.11 when the light from one medium will be injected into another medium refraction, like turning the light child friends. even with the same material, also produced by some of the density of different environmental conditions, such as the air somewhere hot (low density), somewhere in th

6、e cold air (high density), the light passing through hot and cold air can also occur when the refraction ( we are familiar with the mirage is a result of this situation occurs.) shine the light on the medium surface is called incident, refracted through the medium of light is called refraction of li

7、ght. incident, reflected light and medium interface (phase two media where) there is a relationship between, this is the angle of incidence and refraction. two points of view angle as the incident light changes. when the light from the optical denser medium injected into the medium angle light thinn

8、ing to a certain extent, the light can no longer launched into another medium, so will have a total reflection of light.understanding the propagation of light, let us know fiber. is a simple glass fiber can be, according to different requirements, it can be made very thin, usually from a few microns

9、 to hundreds of microns. a lot of fiber will usually increase in the surface (coating) layer of another material, called cladding or coating layer. this layer of material can be used as the medium from the refraction of light thinning, and some flexibility can enhance the optical fiber so that it ca

10、n be bent. no fiber coating layer is called bare fiber. bare fiber can also be transmitted optical signal (optical fiber and then the air became two different media.) depending on the needs of people in glass or quartz other chemical elements can be added, you can use a variety of complex technology

11、 to make thin fibers with a complex internal structure. therefore, the fiber is a lot of varieties, and some can send thousands of different types of light waves, while others only by a single wave of light. fiber production process is relatively fine, usually called the drawing. optical fiber commu

12、nications cable used in the root by the tens to hundreds of such integrated optical fiber, each fiber can take a huge traffic.therefore, in fiber optical transmission, mainly the common core and the cladding effect. refraction of light according to the above mentioned reason, we will understand that

13、 the fiber core, and it is certainly outside of the cladding material of two different densities, and the core density should be larger than the packet layer. thus, as long as a suitable angle of incoming light, this beam of light will be kept in total reflection within the fiber to transmit to the

14、other end.practical application of optical fiber, as long as not too bent, the light will enter the fiber within the fiber bounces back and forth, twists and turns forward propagation, but also some light into the cladding and in its dissemination. the propagation of light in fiber will also inspire

15、 a certain wave mode, which related with the thickness of the fiber, core diameter is too small to determine the transmission mode is difficult to form, the core diameter is too thick to an increase in transmission mode, the dispersion of a serious, solid the fiber core can not be too thick or too t

16、hin, generally transmitted several times to several times the wavelength. in accordance with the optical fiber to allow transmission of electromagnetic waves on the mode, can be divided into single-mode optical fiber and multimode fiber. single-mode fiber that can transmit an electromagnetic wave mo

17、de, multimode fiber that can transmit multiple wave modes, in fact, single-mode fiber and multimode optical fiber of the points, that is, the diameter of the core points. small single-mode fiber, multimode fiber thick. used in fiber optic cable networks are all single-mode fiber, its transmission ch

18、aracteristics, and bandwidth of up to 10ghz, can be transmitted in an optical fiber 60 pal-d tv sets.we have a preliminary understanding of the principles of fiber optic transmission of light, then it is also how a variety of text, images, sound transmission from? it turned out that the use of elect

19、ronic technology, people can be text, images, sound and other information into electronic signals, making them all into the t and n0n digit string consisting of, that is what we often call a "digital technology11 - in digital technology, the 1 and 0, said circuit for opening and closing, the us

20、e of the optical technology, the bright and dull that they can achieve two states. so, people through optical (fiber input to the optical signal device) to issue a series of light and dark fiber different light signal, optical fiber receives the other end of the optical signal, then through the spec

21、ialized equipment to restore it into a digital signal, finally, from tv, radio, computers and other digital signal will be reduced to text, images, sounds and so on.optical fiber communication has a tremendous advantage, first, its capacity is amazing, a thin optical fiber can transmit tens of thous

22、ands or even hundreds of millions of road calls, you can transmit thousands of television sets, which is unmatched by other transport means the. second, the optical transmission of light signals, electromagnetic interference from outside it, not afraid of humidity, not afraid of erosion, pollution-f

23、ree, secure and strong. optical fiber transmission signal loss is small, only one-tenth of the cable. general coaxial cable, at intervals of 1.5 km is necessary to set up a relay station to compensate for signal attenuation; and fiber optic communications relay station, the distance can exceed 10 ki

24、lometers. in addition, the fiber raw material is that we are familiar with the sand (quartz), and more is on the earth and very cheap. quartz can be produced a few grams a kilometer-long optical fiber. thus instead of an ordinary metal wire with a fiber can save a lot of valuable non-ferrous metals

25、copper and lead. very light weight of fiber, 8 fiber made of fiber optic cable, each weighing about 60 kg km only, while the same number of ordinary cable is 4 tons.in fact, far more than the fiber optical communication skills in this area, in many ways, especially in high-tech fields, plenty of fib

26、er not only useless, but new technology is leading the revolution yet.we know that the light can be transmitted in the fiber which is also known to light a variety of information with the basic method. in specific applications of such fiber, some only need one (such as optical communication), while

27、others need a lot of roots (such as transfer beams)- in addition, there is a great application of optical fiber, that is, image transmission. video image transmission means to direct transmission through the fiber, while the middle is no longer as optical communication through the conversion process

28、 as a signal. seen in this light, the transmitted light fiber can be divided into two categories, one with a variety of signal light, one can see the general image of our daily light. since we can express all kinds of information light, then the fiber can do things way too much. people use to create

29、 a wide variety of fiber optic equipment that we collectively are called optical fiber sensors. fiber optic sensors can not only transmit information, but also access to information. optical fiber sensors can measure temperature, pressure, vibration, content, position, rotation, deformation, speed,

30、single ring, voltage, electromagnetic fields, etc., are numerous. although, like fiber optic transmission of light signals without charge in too many things, but its manufacture has to much trouble. optical fiber transmission, as is usually the number one million by the tens of thousands to the inte

31、gration of very fine fiber bundle, called the image bundles. it is widely used in endoscopic aspects of the health care industiy as we know it to be.英文翻譯什么叫光纖及光纖應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域在認(rèn)識(shí)光纖z前，我們先來了解一下光的傳播。光是直線傳播的，但當(dāng)光線 照射到某一物質(zhì)上時(shí)便會(huì)發(fā)生折射和反射。我們常會(huì)見到玻璃和鏡子“反光”就 是指光的反射；一半插入水杯中的直棍看起來不再是直的是光的折射造成的假 象。其實(shí)，我們之所以能夠看到各種物體，那都是光的折射和反射造

32、成的（如果 沒有光，我們什么也看不到）。光可以在真空中傳播，也可以在某些物質(zhì)中傳播, 這里所說的某些物質(zhì)，在光學(xué)的術(shù)語中叫做介質(zhì)或媒質(zhì)。玻璃、石英、空氣、水、 透明塑料等等都可以傳播光線，它們都是傳播光的介質(zhì)。不同的介質(zhì)密度是不一 樣的，比如我們知道，水的密度要比空氣大很多。表面上看起來差不多的物質(zhì)（如 玻璃和石英），它們的密度也是不一樣的。因此，又分“光密介質(zhì)”和“光疏介 質(zhì)”。當(dāng)光線從一種介質(zhì)射入另一種介質(zhì)時(shí)就會(huì)發(fā)生折射，好像是光線拐彎兒啦。 即使是同一物質(zhì)，也會(huì)因某些環(huán)境條件而產(chǎn)生密度不同，如某處的空氣熱（密度 低），某處的空氣冷（密度高），光線在穿越冷熱空氣時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)生折射（我們熟知 的

33、海市蜃樓就是因這種情況而發(fā)生的）。照到介質(zhì)表面上的光叫入射光，經(jīng)過介 質(zhì)折射的光叫折射光。入射光、折射光和介質(zhì)的界面（兩種介質(zhì)相接的地方）之 間存在著一種相互關(guān)系，這就是入射角和折射角。兩個(gè)角度隨著入射光線角度的 變化而變化。當(dāng)光線從光密介質(zhì)射入光疏介質(zhì)的角度變化到一定程度時(shí)，光就不 能再射入另一個(gè)介質(zhì)中了，于是就會(huì)產(chǎn)生光的全反射現(xiàn)象。了解了光的傳播，我們?cè)賮碚J(rèn)識(shí)光纖。簡單的光纖可以就是一根玻璃絲，根 據(jù)不同要求，它可以做得非常細(xì)，一般從兒微米到兒百微米。通常很多光纖都會(huì) 在表面加（涂）上一層別的物質(zhì)，叫包層或涂敷層。這一層物質(zhì)可以作為光疏媒 質(zhì)起折射作用，有的還可以增強(qiáng)光纖的柔軟性使其可以隨

34、意彎曲。沒有涂敷層的 光纖就叫裸纖。裸纖也可以傳播光信號(hào)（這吋光纖和空氣就成了兩種不的介質(zhì)）。 根據(jù)不同需要，人們?cè)诓ＡЩ蚴⒅锌梢约尤肫渌瘜W(xué)元素，可以利用多種復(fù)雜 工藝使細(xì)細(xì)光纖的內(nèi)部具有復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，光纖的品種也是很多的，有的可 以同時(shí)傳送上千種不同波型的光波，有的則只能通過單一波型的光線。光纖的制 作過程比較精細(xì)，通常叫做拉絲。光纖通信屮用到的光纜是由數(shù)十到數(shù)百根這樣 的光纖集成的，其中每根光纖都可承擔(dān)起巨大的通訊量。光所以能在光纖中傳輸，主要是纖芯和包層的共同作用。根據(jù)上而講到的光 折射道理，我們就會(huì)明白，光纖的纖芯和它外面的包層肯定是兩種密度不同的物 質(zhì)，而且纖芯的密度應(yīng)該大于

35、包層。這樣，只要一個(gè)光線射入的角度合適，那么 這束光線就會(huì)在光纖內(nèi)部不停地進(jìn)行全反射而傳向另一端。實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的光纖，只要不是過分彎曲，進(jìn)入光纖的光都會(huì)在光纖內(nèi)來回反 射，曲折向前傳播，但也會(huì)有部分光滲入到包層并在其內(nèi)傳播。光在光纖中傳播 時(shí)也會(huì)激發(fā)出一定的電磁波模式，這種模式同光纖的粗細(xì)有關(guān)，芯徑太細(xì)難以 形成確定的傳輸模式，芯徑太粗則使傳輸模式增多，使色散嚴(yán)重，固而光纖的纖 芯不能太粗也不能太細(xì)，一般為傳輸波長的幾倍至幾i倍。按照光纖中容許傳輸 的電磁波模式的不同，可以把光纖分為單模光纖和多模光纖。單模光纖指只能傳 輸一種電磁波模式，多模光纖指可以傳輸多個(gè)電磁波模式，實(shí)際上單模光纖和多 模光纖z分，也