《中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)》中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)專題十二句子的類型課件20190403330

1、專題十二專題十二句子的類型句子的類型語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三一、賓語(yǔ)從句在主從復(fù)合句中做主句賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。1.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序。do you know how much the car is?你知道這輛車多少錢嗎?語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三2.賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞 語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài) 語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三4.否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象 語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三醫(yī)生是關(guān)心人們身體健康的人。who是關(guān)系代詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)。二、定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中做定語(yǔ),修飾主句中某一名詞、代詞或整個(gè)主句的從句,叫定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞,通常位于定語(yǔ)從句之前。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從

2、句的是關(guān)系代詞that,which,who(whom),whose和關(guān)系副詞when,where,why等。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞位于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間,它既起連接作用,又充當(dāng)從句中的一個(gè)成分。含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句。a doctor is a person who looks after peoples health.語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句總是跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后,由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做從句中的一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞起名詞或代詞的作用,關(guān)系副詞起副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)

3、的作用。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。做賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略。(1)先行詞指人時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句由who,whom,that引導(dǎo),在從句中who,that可以做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),whom只做賓語(yǔ)。this is the pen that im looking for.這就是我正在尋找的那支鋼筆。the man who/that/whom my father is talking to is mr wang.那個(gè)正和我爸爸談話的人是王先生。語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三(2)先行詞指物時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句由which,that引導(dǎo),在從句中可

4、以做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。the book that/which i read yesterday is very interesting.昨天我讀的那本書很有趣。the doll that/which can sing costs 200 yuan.那個(gè)會(huì)唱歌的玩具娃娃值200元。(3)whose在定語(yǔ)從句中只用作定語(yǔ),有時(shí)它還可以同of which互換。please pass me the book whose cover/the cover of which is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書。語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三2.關(guān)系代詞that/which/who的用法區(qū)別關(guān)系代詞that,which可以

5、指物,that和who可以指人,其用法有如下區(qū)別:(1)只可用that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)先行詞為everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代詞時(shí)。we should do everything that is useful to the people.我們應(yīng)該做一切對(duì)人民有用的事。先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)。you can take any seat that is free.你可以坐任何一個(gè)空位。先行詞被the only,the very,the right等詞修飾時(shí)。he is the very m

6、an that im looking for.他正是我正在找的那個(gè)人。語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。this is the best movie that i have seen.這是我所看過(guò)的最好的電影。當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。this is the second storybook that i bought this week.這是我這個(gè)星期買的第二本故事書。當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)含有人和物時(shí)。we talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.我們談?wù)撐覀兯信d趣的人和事。語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三(2)只

7、用which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前使用介詞時(shí),只能用which,不能用that。this is the train by which we went to beijing.這就是我們?nèi)ケ本┏俗哪前嗔熊?。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(即通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開,若去掉從句,整個(gè)句子仍能表達(dá)完整意義的定語(yǔ)從句)中。football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.足球是一項(xiàng)非常有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng),全世界人都在踢。(3)表示人時(shí),當(dāng)先行詞為everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone等時(shí)要用who,而不

8、用that。is there anyone who can answer this question?有人會(huì)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎?語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三3.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ),when用在表示時(shí)間的名詞后,where用在表示地點(diǎn)的名詞后,why用在表示原因的名詞后。when,where,why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)互換使用。i still remember the day when/on which i first met him.我依然記得我第一次遇到他的那一天。hefei is the place where/in which i was born.合肥是我的出生地。is this the reason why/for which he was late this morning?這就是他今早遲到的理由嗎?語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三(2)當(dāng)先行詞雖然表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因,但關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)而不是狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不可用when,where或why,而應(yīng)用that或which。hangzhou is a city where there is a beautiful lake. (做狀語(yǔ))語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)梳理一二三三、狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起狀語(yǔ)的作用,修飾主句中的謂語(yǔ)、非