翻譯 中英對(duì)譯 英文散文賞析

1、原文巷 柯靈 譯者-張培基巷，是城市建筑藝術(shù)中一篇飄逸恬靜的散文，一幅古雅沖淡的圖畫。 這種巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻靜的深閨，輕易不肯拋頭露面。你要在這種城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有機(jī)會(huì)看見(jiàn)她，接觸到她優(yōu)嫻貞靜的風(fēng)度。 這種小巷，隔絕了市廛的紅塵，卻又不是鄉(xiāng)村的風(fēng)味。它又深又長(zhǎng)，一個(gè)人耐心靜靜走去，要老半天才走完。它又這么曲折,你望前面，好像已經(jīng)堵塞了，可是走過(guò)去，一轉(zhuǎn)彎，依然是巷陌深深，而且更加幽靜。那里常是寂寂的，寂寂的。什么時(shí)候，你向巷中踅去，都如寧?kù)o的黃昏，可以清晰地聽(tīng)到自己的足音。不高不矮的圍墻擋在兩邊，斑斑駁駁的苔痕，墻上掛著一串串蒼翠欲滴的藤蘿，簡(jiǎn)

2、直像古樸的屏風(fēng)。墻里常是人家的竹園，修竹森森，天籟細(xì)細(xì)；春來(lái)時(shí)還常有幾枝嬌艷的桃花杏花，娉娉婷婷，從墻頭殷勤地?fù)u曳紅袖，向行人招手。 小巷的動(dòng)人處就是它無(wú)比的悠閑。無(wú)論是誰(shuí)，只要你到巷里去躑躅一會(huì)，你的心情就會(huì)如巷尾不波的古井，那是一種和平的靜穆，而不是陰森和肅殺。它鬧中取靜，別有天地，仍是人間。它可能是一條現(xiàn)代的烏衣巷(11)，家家有自己的一本哀樂(lè)帳，一部興衰史，可是重門疊戶，諱莫如深，夕陽(yáng)影里，野花閑草，燕子低飛，尋覓歸家（12）。只是一片澄明如水的氣氛，凈化一切，籠罩一切，使人忘憂。譯文the lane ke ling the lane, in terms of the art of u

3、rban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity. often tucked away in a small town south of the yangtse river, the lane, like a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance in public

4、. youll never have an opportunity to see it and savour its gentle poiseuntil you have become truly attached to the small town after living there for a long time. the lane, though cut off from the hustle and bustle of busy cities, does not taste of the countryside at all. it is long and deep, so it w

5、ill take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. it is also so winding that it seems to be a blind alley when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, youll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. there is nothing but stillnes

6、s there. at any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the dusk-like quiet your own footsteps. on either side of the lane stand enclosing walls of medium height, which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. inside the wal

7、ls are residents gardens with dense groves of tall bamboos as well as soft sounds of nature. in spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, like graceful girls waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians.the charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenit

8、y. no matter who you are, if you loiter around in the lane for a while, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. there you will experience a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness. there reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. it is

9、a world of its own on earth. it may be a modern version of wu yi xiang, a special residential area of nobility in the jin dynasty southeast of todays nanjing, (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of joys and sorrows, and rise and decline. when the sun is

10、setting, swallows will fly low over wild flowers and grass on their way to their nests. （12）the all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries. 評(píng)析:1、明喻（simile）.中文中"巷，是"與英文中"like"相對(duì)應(yīng)。本文中有很多比喻句， 如下文中將“墻上掛著一串串蒼翠欲滴的藤蘿”比作“古樸的

11、 屏風(fēng)”英文中相對(duì)應(yīng)的則是“l(fā)ike screens of primitive simplicity”。 2、倒敘（flashback）、明喻（simile）、擬人（personification）和釋義（paraphrase）?！斑@種巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻靜的深閨，輕易不肯拋頭露面?！迸c之相對(duì)應(yīng)的一句話翻譯的極好，首先采用倒裝，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣情感，其中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“to tuck away”作“使隱藏”、“把置放在隱蔽的地方”解，文中本無(wú)其詞但有這個(gè)意思，所以加此短語(yǔ)后語(yǔ)句很順暢。“有如”與“l(fā)ike”相對(duì)照將“南方小城”比作“女子”；而后面“有機(jī)會(huì)看到她，接觸到她的風(fēng)度”均是

12、一種擬人（personification）手法。譯文中則是 用“savour”譯成“接觸”，而“savour”本意是“有的氣味”，用“savour”在這一句英文中也是體現(xiàn)了擬人手法；下文中“嬌艷的桃花杏花，娉娉婷婷，從墻頭殷勤地?fù)u曳紅袖，向行人招手”相對(duì)應(yīng)的譯文是“l(fā)ike graceful girls waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians.”也是一處擬人（personification）用法。而且作者將“南方”譯為“south of the yangtse river”，為釋義（par

13、aphrase），這樣將中文里的“南方”具體化為“長(zhǎng)江之南”，讓外國(guó)人讀文章時(shí)能容易理解此處“南方”的含義； 3、此句中文中是“要才”，而英文翻譯卻翻成“never.until.to.”將中文中的一種表達(dá)條件的句子翻譯成因果形式，也是增強(qiáng)了一種語(yǔ)氣。4、隔絕了市廛的紅塵對(duì)應(yīng)的英文是“ cut off from the hustle and bustle of busy cities”，將“紅塵”翻譯為“hustle and bustle”可以充分體現(xiàn)了紅塵里的紛紛擾擾；原文中“隔絕了市廛的紅塵，卻又不是鄉(xiāng)村的風(fēng)味”在譯文中是將與“卻”字相對(duì)應(yīng)的“though”提前。5、此處中文“好像已經(jīng)堵塞了

14、”意即“好像是死胡同”，故譯為“it seems to be a blind alley”。6、“那里是寂寂的，寂寂的”語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)調(diào)，故譯為 “there is nothing but stillness there”。原文中兩個(gè)“寂寂的”在英文中并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出重復(fù)（repetition），譯文用“there is nothing but stillness there”取代。7、中文中本是有“不高不矮的墻”，但英文翻譯中無(wú)此對(duì)照翻譯，而是用“medium height”取代。8、中文中的“修竹森森”，“天籟細(xì)細(xì)”用“grove”描述“修，意為高”，“天籟”則翻譯成“soft of nature”為“自然界的音響”，兩個(gè)四字詞采用“as well as”將兩個(gè)連接起來(lái)；而“娉娉婷婷”則與荷塘月色中翻譯的一致，譯為“graceful girl”。9、將“躑躅”譯“l(fā)oiter around”感覺(jué)就是一種閑情逸致，在巷子里閑逛的悠閑心情。10、原文中本描述的是“那是一種和平的靜穆”是一種狀態(tài)的描述，而譯文翻譯出則是“you will experience a kind of peaceful .”譯成一種動(dòng)態(tài)的動(dòng)作。更符合英文的習(xí)慣。11、此處對(duì)“烏衣巷”進(jìn)行了釋義(par