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1、小學(xué)英語語法及習(xí)題班級:_ 姓名:_一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以o. s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:potato-potatoes(土豆),tomato-tomatoes(西紅柿),hero-heroes(英雄) ,bus-buses(公交車), box-boxes(盒子),fox-foxes(狐貍) bush-bushes(灌木), watch-watches(手表)3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:candy-candies(糖果),cherry-cher
2、ries(櫻桃),family-families(家庭), strawberry-strawberries(草莓),diary-diaries(日記),fly-flies(蒼蠅)4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives(刀),leaf-leaves(樹葉)5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice,child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth6.單復(fù)數(shù)同形:sheep-sheep,fish-fi
3、sh, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _ sandwich _ fish_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如:The earth goe
4、s around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞:主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞:主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如:We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化:1. be動(dòng)詞的變化:否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。
5、如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化:否定句:主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如:I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.一般疑問句:Do( Does ) +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. /
6、No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則:1一般情況下,直接加-s,如:collect-collects(收集), like likes(喜歡),eat-eats(吃)2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses(猜), wash-washes(洗), wat
7、ch-watches(看),catch-catches (抓)teach-teaches(教) go-goes(去),do-does(做)3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies(學(xué)習(xí)),fly-flies(飛) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He of
8、ten _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9.
9、 She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Mond
10、ay to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)
11、詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為: 疑問詞 + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing? 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為: 疑問詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下,直接加ing,如:visit visiting(游覽)2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making(制作),write-writing(寫),ride-riding(騎)3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stoppi
12、ng,swim-swimming現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí):一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(加ing的形式):play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come_ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen !Some girls _( sing)i
13、n the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look ! They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our teacher doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now.
14、We _(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、一般將來時(shí)一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天),this weekend(這個(gè)周末)等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):be going to + do; will+ do. 三、否定句:在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如:Im going
15、to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句: be或will提到句首,some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?練習(xí):填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with
16、 my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購物嗎?是,她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?五、一般過去時(shí)一、概念:一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)
17、間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。(句子中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語:yesterday、last、ago)二、句式:肯定形式:主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+賓語例:I visited the great wall last Saturday.否定形式:1、主語+didnt+謂語動(dòng)詞原形;2、was/were +not三、 動(dòng)詞變化:一般情況:動(dòng)詞 +ed work- worked (工作) look-looked (看)dream-dreamed(做夢) clean-cleaned(打掃) kill-killed(殺害) jump-jumped(跳)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾:動(dòng)詞+d live-li
18、ved(住) love-loved(愛) hate-hated(討厭)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母: 雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed不變:put-put(放) cut-cut(割傷)read-read(讀書)(發(fā)音不同)不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞過去式:am/is-was are-were break-broke(摔) bring-brought(帶)buy-bought(買) can-could(能;會(huì)) catch-caught(抓)come-came(來) do-did(做) eat-ate(吃) fall-fell(掉)feel-felt(感覺) find-found(找到) get-got(
19、得到)give-gave(給) go-went(去;走) have,has-had(有)hear-heard(聽見) learn-learnt(學(xué)習(xí)) leave-left(離開)make-made(制作) ride-rode(騎) say-said(說)see-saw(看見) take-took(拿) teach-taught(教)tell-told(告訴) write-wrote(寫)六、小學(xué)??计渌Z法:1、can+動(dòng)詞原形2、 likelove + doingenjoy3、be afraid of +名詞/doing (害怕)4、dream about/of +名詞 ;dream (that)+句子5、Th
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