2022年2022年高一定語(yǔ)從句導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】：高肯定語(yǔ)從句the attributive clause 導(dǎo)學(xué)案精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1.把握定語(yǔ)從句的定義；2.把握關(guān)系代詞that、who、which、whom 和 whose的用法；3.把握關(guān)系副詞when,where, why 的用法；4.把握介詞 +which 的用法5.能夠敏捷運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句；【學(xué)習(xí)方法】：1.依據(jù)學(xué)案中所給出的練習(xí)總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句的用法；2.背誦典型句子3.多做練習(xí)進(jìn)行運(yùn)用和分析【語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)】1. 定語(yǔ)從句 -在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的從句叫定

2、語(yǔ)從句；定語(yǔ)從句的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,用來(lái)修飾主句中的某一名詞.代詞或整個(gè)主句2. 先行詞 - 被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的 名詞或代詞叫先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后；先行詞可以為一個(gè)詞,短語(yǔ),或整個(gè)主句；3. 關(guān)系詞 - 在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用的詞叫關(guān)系詞,分成關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞.4. 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有三大作用：連接-連接定語(yǔ)從句和主句 替代-替代前面的先行詞成分-在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)肯定的句子成分（主語(yǔ).表語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ).定語(yǔ).狀語(yǔ)）例1.a huge crack （ thatwas eight kilometres long and thirty metres wid）e（先行詞

3、）關(guān)系詞 （定語(yǔ)從句）cut across houses、 roads and canals.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載【學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程】1.完成表格part1.關(guān)系詞的使用精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載關(guān)系代詞先行詞（ 指 人 或物）在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分例句分析精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載that指人/物作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)（作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) 可 以 省略）a huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses、 roads and canals.

4、i don t know about the matnhat you mentioned.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載who指人作主語(yǔ)the number of people who werekilled or seriouslyinjuredreached more than 400、000.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載whom指人作賓語(yǔ)（可以省略）the man whom you met yesterdaisy mr. smith.the boy whom you are looking foirs hidden behind the tree.精品學(xué)習(xí)

5、資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載which 指 物 作 主 語(yǔ) . 賓語(yǔ)（作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) 可 以 省略）then、 later that afternoon、 another big quakewhich was almost as strong as the first osnheook tangshan. the pen which my uncle gave me is missing.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載whose指人/物作定語(yǔ)workers built shelters forsurvivors

6、whose homeshad been destroyed.=.t.he homes of whomhad been destroyed.=of whom the homeshad been destroyed【注】whose +n = the +n. +of which / whom或 of which / whom + the +n.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載as正如.指人/物 作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)（不行省略）we have found such materials as are used in their factory.he is not the same manas he

7、 was.as we all had expectedl、iuxiang won the gold medal in the competition.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分例句分析精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載when=介詞+which where=介詞+which why= for+ which時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)i still remember the daywhen / on which i first cameto taishan no.1 high school.地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀

8、語(yǔ)this is the villagewhere / in which i ever lived.緣由緣由狀語(yǔ)doyouknowthe reason why /forwhich he isabsent.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載【注】定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞when where why = 介詞+which、但反之并不肯定；如： english is the subjectin which i m interested.2. 做題方法：（ 1）找先行詞（ 2）仍原 -把先行詞放入定語(yǔ)從句（ 3）確定關(guān)系詞【練習(xí) 1】用關(guān)系代詞 that、 who、 whom、 which 或

9、whose 填空,并指出它們?cè)趶木渲凶骱纬煞?；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1. the eggs i bought yesterday were not fresh（.2. he prefers the goose comes from his parents作 ）（作_ f_a_rm . ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3. the noodles you cooked were delicious.（作 ）4. he saw a house windows were all broken.（作 ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載5. the

10、man lives next to us sells vegetables（.作 ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載6. i don t like the people smoke a l（ot作. ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載7. i prefer dumplings have just been cooked（.作 ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載8. don t drink water has not been boile（d作. ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下

11、載9. the man you met just now is my teacher（.作 ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載10. plane is a machine can fly.（作 ）觀看下面兩組句子1. a. this is the house i once lived in.先行詞指,關(guān)系詞在句中作語(yǔ),應(yīng)填；b. this is the house i once lived.先行詞指,關(guān)系詞在句中作語(yǔ),你知道應(yīng)填什么關(guān)系詞嗎？2. a. he was born in a day was very hot.先行詞指,關(guān)系詞在句中作語(yǔ),應(yīng)填；b. he was bor

12、n in a day it was very hot.先行詞指,關(guān)系詞在句中作語(yǔ)；【指點(diǎn)迷津】當(dāng)把先行詞放回定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),需要加上一個(gè)介詞,說(shuō)明先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)；如： when i arrived、 bryan took me to see the house where i would be staying.仍原： i would be staying in the house【練習(xí) 2】用關(guān)系副詞 when、 where、 why 填空,并指出它們?cè)趶木渲凶骱纬煞郑?. i remember the day i first come to the school.2. beijing

13、 is the place i was born.3. this is the factory i visited last year.4. is this the reason he refused to help you.5. i ll never forget the years i spent with you in the city.6. we all didn t believe the reason s_a_idhejust now.【指點(diǎn)迷津】在定語(yǔ)從句中,如其先行詞為抽象名詞situation,point、 position 、condition、 case、 scene、

14、spot、 stage等,如定語(yǔ)從句不缺主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ),就用關(guān)系副詞whereoccasion -場(chǎng)-合where ;-時(shí)機(jī) ;機(jī)會(huì)when ；如： we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.occasions are quite rare when i have the time to spend a day with my kids. 200山8 東 i have never been to such an occasion where people all dress formally.ex. he s

15、got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over theplane.a. whereb. which.c. whiled. why3.that和 which關(guān)系代詞只用 that 的情形： 先行詞被最高級(jí).序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)； 先行詞為 all、 any、 everything、 anything、 none、the one等不定代詞時(shí) 當(dāng)主句為 who 或 which 引導(dǎo)的特別疑問(wèn)句,為防止重復(fù),只用that 先行詞既包括 人又包括 物時(shí)；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載

16、精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載 先行詞被 the only、 the very、 the same、 the las修t飾時(shí)；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載 . this is the highest building ive ever seen. . i really didnt know anything happened to jim yesterday. . who is the man is standing over there. oh、he is my math teacher. . they are talking about things an

17、d persons they saw there a few days ago.關(guān)系代詞只用 which 的情形： 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 ; 關(guān)系詞前有介詞 ; 先行詞本身為 that； . the tree、is four hundred years old、 is very famous here. . we depend on the landfromwe get our food. . thatyou told him about is what we want to know.who 和 that在什么情形下只用who 不用 that？ all / those 作先行詞且指人； 在

18、there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中,先行詞指人； 先行詞為指人的不定代詞one、 anyone、 no one、 all、 nobody、 anybody、 non；e.those want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.there is a strangerwants to see you. onedoesnt work hard will never succeed in his work .4.先行詞為 way 的定語(yǔ)從句1）the way you solved the problem is not

19、the best one. 2）this is the way he told me to solve the problem.【指點(diǎn)迷津】 當(dāng)先行詞為 the way 且在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系連詞有三種情形： in which / that / 省略part2. 介詞 + which/ whom1. 分析以下例句 :（1） ） the manwhom he is talking to is my father.the man towhom he is talking is my father.（2） ） this is the penwhich i wrote the letter w

20、ith.this is the pen with which i wrote the letter.【指點(diǎn)迷津】1 “介詞+關(guān)系代詞 ”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 如先行詞為物 、 用介詞 +which;如先行詞為人 、 用介詞 +whom(2) 當(dāng)介詞位于定語(yǔ)從句的末尾時(shí),可將介詞提前到關(guān)系詞前,構(gòu)成“介詞 +which/ whom”(3) 在固定搭配的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中,由于動(dòng)詞和介詞不行分割,因此不能把介詞位于關(guān)系代精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載詞之前； 如: look after、 take care of、 look for等；判定正誤： this is the pe

21、n for which im looking. this is the pen which im looking for. 2. 如何確定定語(yǔ)從句中的介詞？先找出定語(yǔ)從句,將先行詞放入定語(yǔ)從句中1）看定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配this is the book which you asked 2）看定語(yǔ)從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配he referred me to some reference books which i am not very familiar.3）依據(jù)先行詞判定,所用的介詞與先行詞搭配this is our classroom 、 which there is a teacher

22、 s desk.【練習(xí)】用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~ +which/whom 填空1. this is the rock the boy fell down into the sea.2. the film star we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.3. the west lake hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful.4. the reason he could not go there was that his grade was too low.5.

23、the professor mr. smith shook hands yesterday has made new discoveries in science.6. could you tell me the day you arrived.part 3 定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞的數(shù)1. he is the only one of the students in his class who have got this chance.2. he is one of the students in his class who have got the teacher s praise3. those

24、who want to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30p.m.4. anyone who want to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30p.m.【指點(diǎn)迷津】 關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于先行詞part 4 課后鞏固練習(xí)一挑選正確選項(xiàng)；1. the wolves hid themselves in theplaces couldn t be found.a. whereb. thatc. in whichd. in that2. tha

25、t tree、 branches are almost bare、 is very old.a. whoseb. of whichc. in whichd. on which3. those not only from books but also through practice will succeed.a. learnb. who learnc. that learnsd. who4. anyone this opinion may speak out.a. that againstb. that againstc. who is againstd. who are against精品學(xué)

26、習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載5. can you lend me the novel the other day.a. that you talkedb. you talked about itc. which you talked withd. you talked about6. the train she was travelling was late.a. whichb. wherec. on whichd. in that7. do you still remember the happy days we swam in the river in our

27、village.a. whichb. whenc. thatd. where8. may the fourth is the day we chinese people will never forget.a. whichb. whenc. on whichd. about which9. the hotel we stayed during our holidays stands by the seaside.a. whatb. whichc. whered. that10. is that the reason you are in favour of the proposal.a. wh

28、ichb. whatc. whyd. for that11. i don t like you speak to her.a. the wayb. the way in thatc. the way whichd. the way of which12. there is only one thing i can do.a. whatb. thatc. alld. which13. i have many books、 some of are on chemistry.a. themb. thatc. whichd. those14. i like the second football ma

29、tch was held last week.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. /15. this is one of the best films this year.a. that have been shownb. that have shownc. that has been shownd. that has shown16. she was the only one ofthe girlsin our classaccepted as candidate for the president of our students union.a. who wasb. who w

30、erec. who has beend. who have been17. this is the magazine i copied the paragraph.a. thatb. whichc. from thatd. from which18. recently i bought a second-hand carwas very low.a. which priceb. the price of whosec. its priced. whose price19. anyone with what i said may raise your hand.a. that agreesb.

31、who agreec. who agreesd. that agree20. the great day we looked forward to at last.a. cameb. comec. coming二用關(guān)系詞填空；1. the place interested me most was the children's palace.2. do you know the year the chinese communist party was founded.3. great changes have taken place in the factory we have been

32、 working since then.4. they arrived at a farmhouse、 in front of sat a small boy.5. is there anyone in your class family is in the country.6. the letter is from my sister、 is working in beijing.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載7. in our factory there are 2、000 workers、 two thirds of are women.8. i will

33、 never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together.9. we admire him for the way he faces difficulties.10. the reason he didn't come was he was ill.11. - did you ask the guard what happened. - yes、 he told me all he knew.12. is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn.13. there are

34、 cases the word“ mighty ” is used as an adverb.14. the treatment willcontinue untilthe patient reachesthe point he can walk correctly and safely.15. there are several research centers in china a certain disease called bird flu is being studied.16. is known to everybody、 taiwan is a part of china.17.

35、 some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old they swam in it.18. who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there.19. the professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers they had seen.20. women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greate

36、r chance of having heart disease than those don t.21. i will hire the man they say is a good english speaker.22. after reading your proposal、there is one point i don t agree.三用介詞 +關(guān)系代詞填空；（每空一詞）1. the hotel they are staying is a very famous one.2. the pen i do my homework is a birthday present from m

37、y father.3. is this the car you paid a high price.4. the gentleman you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.5. is this the village the great scientist was born forty years ago.6. the professor we often turn for help will come to our party tonight.四.單句改錯(cuò)1the story happened in november on which the

38、weather was very cold 2stella is one of the engineers who is fit for the task3mr. williams has two sons、 both of whom looks like him4when we passed the place which the dead boy lay、 each of us saluted5. is this the horse that you spent five hours drawing it yesterday.6. those who has finished the ex

39、ercises may leave the classroom now.7. children eat a lot of sweets or chocolate often have bad teeth.8. mr. green is always working hard should get a rise.9. john is the only one of the students that have been abroad.10.i care about nothing which is going on there.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載四用定

40、語(yǔ)從句合并以下句子；1the factory is a small one.the factory stands near the river2have you answered the letter. you got that letter two weeks ago3i'll never forget the day. on that day i joined the league. 4.we are not allowed to do so tell me the reason.5the boy student is very young.he won the game.6the

41、 town has become a famous cityhe grew up in the town7i spend my childhood in suzhou i have never been there again since i left8he is leaving for wuhan to meet his daughterhe has not seen the girl for years9do you know the man .his son is a famous scientist10my uncle bought the bicycle last week the

42、bicycle has been stolen .part4 名言警句中的定語(yǔ)從句1. he who is ill to himself will be good to nobody.人不自愛(ài),焉能愛(ài)人？2. he who laughs last laughs best.誰(shuí)笑在最終 、 誰(shuí)笑得最好；3. he who makes no mistakes makes nothing.不犯錯(cuò)誤的人一事無(wú)成；4. all that glitters is not gold.閃閃發(fā)光者,未必皆黃金；5. opportunity and luck always shows appreciation fo

43、r those who are bold in struggling.機(jī)遇和幸運(yùn)總為垂青勇于奮斗的人；6. the only thing that we have to fear is fear itself. 唯獨(dú)讓我們懼怕的事就為懼怕本身.7. he who doesnt reach the great wall is not a true man.不到長(zhǎng)城非英雄part 5課后拓展【自主學(xué)習(xí)】-定語(yǔ)從句典型錯(cuò)誤例析1. 我給他看了我上周在杭州的照片 誤 i showed him the photos i took them in hangzhou last week. 正 i showe

44、d him the photos i took in hangzhou last week. 析關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞既代替先行詞,又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)肯定的成分；例句為省略了關(guān)系代詞（ that/which）的定語(yǔ)從句, that/which 指代 the photos,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng) took 的賓語(yǔ),故 them 余外,應(yīng)去掉；2. 那個(gè)正在修理汽車的人為我的叔叔； 誤 the man is mending the car is my uncle.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載 正 the man who/that is mending the car is

45、my uncle. 析 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)不行省略, 只有作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)才能省略 that；本句仍可以譯為 the man mending the car is my uncl（e. -ing 形式短語(yǔ) mending the car作 the man的后置定語(yǔ)；）3. 這只風(fēng)箏為你父親昨天為你扎的嗎？ 誤 is this kite your father made for you yesterday. 正 is this kite the one that your father made for you yesterday. 析如把 this 看作 kite 的修飾語(yǔ), 短語(yǔ) thi

46、s kite 為主句的主語(yǔ), 這時(shí)我們可以看出主句 中缺少表語(yǔ),即定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,所以應(yīng)當(dāng)加上代詞the one；假如我們把this 看作代詞,作句子的主語(yǔ),那么kite 應(yīng)當(dāng)為句子的表語(yǔ),就可以看出先行詞kite 前缺少定冠詞 the；故本句仍可改為： is this the kite that/which your father made for you yesterday.4. 她告知我的就這些； 誤 this is all which she told me. 正 this is all that she told me. 析當(dāng)先行詞為 all、 none、 one、 any、 fe

47、w、 little、 everything、 anything、 nothing等或先行詞前有序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用that；另外,本句仍可以譯為this iswhat she told me不.過(guò)此時(shí)what 引導(dǎo)的為表語(yǔ)從句,而不為定語(yǔ)從句；5. 這為我們明天要爭(zhēng)論的問(wèn)題； 誤 this is the problem about that we ll talk tomorrow. 正 this is the problem about which we ll talk tomorrow. 正 this is the problem that/which we ll ta

48、lk about tomorrow. 析 “介詞+關(guān)系代詞 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞指人時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用 whom；指物時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞用 which；另外,有些固定短語(yǔ)如 look after、 listen to 等,一般也不能將介詞提到關(guān)系代詞之前；6. 從這兒可以看到屋頂?shù)哪谴苯ㄖ餅殒?zhèn)里最大的超市； 誤 the building、 which roof can be seen here、 is the biggest supermarket in town. 正 the building、 whose roof can be seen here、 is the biggest superm

49、arket in town. 析分析句意可知, building和 roof 之間存在所屬關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用whose,whose在引導(dǎo) 從句定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)既可指人又可指物,通常可與ofwhich 互換使用,因此本句仍可以表 示為： the building、 the roof of which （of which the roof）can be seen here、 is the biggestsupermarket in town.7. 人沒(méi)有空氣就不能生存,這為很自然的； 誤 which is very natural、 man can t live without air. 正 man can t live without air、 which/as is very natural. 正 as is very natural、 man can t live without air. 析 which/as 都可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)；但which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后,而as 引導(dǎo)的從句位置比較敏捷,可以位于句首,句中精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載或句末；8. 他為今日早晨遲到的同學(xué)之一； 誤 he was one of the students who