新版新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第3冊(cè)_unit 8ppt,由魏東波教授制作

1、Unit EightSection ALegal and Moral Implications of Cloning上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Text Structure Analysis The essay focuses on one central theme: the legal and moral implications of cloning. One characteristic writing technique that runs throughout the passage is listing. The

2、 essay lists a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that arise from cloning. The whole essay can be divided into four parts. Parts Part I. Part II. Part III. Part IV.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)art I. Part One is Paragraph 1. It details with the background

3、situation of the passage. With the success of cloning an adult mammal, a world with human clones was suddenly within reach. It was just like science fiction coming to life.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)art II. Part Two is made up of two paragraphs. Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3. The

4、 two paragraphs are about the strong and immediate responses to the background situation mentioned in the first paragraph. Cloning has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists, politicians and philosophers.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)art III. Part Three is the m

5、ajor part of the essay, consisting of 15 paragraphs, from Paragraph 4 to Paragraph 18. In this part the writer lists as many as 6 puzzles or questions on the issue of cloning. All the 6 questions are about the legal and moral implications of cloning. We can find that the questions are provided with

6、complete or partial answers from the up-to-date knowledge.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)art IV. The fourth part is Paragraph 19, which is a reiteration (重復(fù)；反復(fù)) that the list of questions could go on and people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after clonin

7、g.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)within reach 1. achievable, attainable 可獲得的 The low-cost mobile phone puts instant communication within reach of millions. 低成本手機(jī)使數(shù)百萬(wàn)人能進(jìn)行即時(shí)交流。低成本手機(jī)使數(shù)百萬(wàn)人能進(jìn)行即時(shí)交流。 2. close enough to reach 夠得著的 Put the dictionary within my reach. 請(qǐng)把辭典放在我夠得著的地方。請(qǐng)把辭典放在我夠得著

8、的地方。 3. be alive or vivid 活躍起來(lái)；栩栩如生 The dull play really came to life through the performance of these young people. 這幾位青年人把這出乏味的戲演得著實(shí)生動(dòng)。這幾位青年人把這出乏味的戲演得著實(shí)生動(dòng)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)in the wake of happening after an event or as a result of it 隨著.而來(lái)；作為.的結(jié)果 Traders came in the w

9、ake of the conquering armies. 商人隨著征服的軍隊(duì)而來(lái)。商人隨著征服的軍隊(duì)而來(lái)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)in the first place 1. at first; at the beginning 一開(kāi)始；起初 Carl patched his old football but it soon leaked again. He should have bought a new one in the first place. 卡爾補(bǔ)好自己的舊足球，可是它很快又漏卡爾補(bǔ)好自己的舊足球，可是它很快

10、又漏氣了。他起初就該買(mǎi)一個(gè)新的。氣了。他起初就該買(mǎi)一個(gè)新的。 2. firstly 首先，第一 In the first place, this business is profitable. 首先，這項(xiàng)生意能賺錢(qián)。首先，這項(xiàng)生意能賺錢(qián)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)fall into be divided into; belong to 可分成；屬于 The lecture series falls naturally into three parts. 系列講座自然地分為三系列講座自然地分為三個(gè)部分。個(gè)部分。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)

11、容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)break apart break into pieces; come apart 裂開(kāi)；破裂 It just broke apart in my hands. 它在我手上自行裂開(kāi)了。它在我手上自行裂開(kāi)了。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)in theory as a general idea which may not be true in reality 從理論上講 In theory, three things could happen. 在理論上

12、有三種可能性在理論上有三種可能性。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)identical to/with exactly the same as 與.一模一樣 I cant see any difference between these two pens. They simply look identical to each other. 我看不出這兩支筆有什么不同。我看不出這兩支筆有什么不同。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)and so forth/on used a

13、t the end of a list to show that you could continue in the same way 等等 He went on about the need to work harder, invest more and so forth. 他繼續(xù)談?wù)撝优Φ毓ぷ?，要他繼續(xù)談?wù)撝优Φ毓ぷ?，要進(jìn)行更多的投資等等。進(jìn)行更多的投資等等。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)What if. What would happen if. 要是.怎么辦 What if your plan doesn

14、t work? 要是你的計(jì)劃不管用怎么辦？要是你的計(jì)劃不管用怎么辦？上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)with. in mind while thinking about sb. or sth. 考慮到某人（事） These families need support. With this in mind a group of 35 specialists met last weekend. 這些家庭需要幫助。為此這些家庭需要幫助。為此35人的專(zhuān)家人的專(zhuān)家組上周末聚在了一起。組上周末聚在了一起。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)

15、短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)get around find a way of dealing with a problem 成功地解決；克服 The administration got around this problem by introducing a new law. 為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，政府出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，政府出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)新的法令。新的法令。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)refer to 1. use a particular word, expression, or name

16、to mention or describe sb. or sth. 稱(chēng)呼，叫 Kate had referred to him as a dear friend. 凱特稱(chēng)他為親愛(ài)的朋友。凱特稱(chēng)他為親愛(ài)的朋友。 2. mention a particular subject or person 提及，談到 In his speech, he referred to his recent trip to London. 在他的講話(huà)中，他提到他最近的倫敦之旅。在他的講話(huà)中，他提到他最近的倫敦之旅。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)und

17、er the name of using a name different from ones own 用別名 Munro wrote under the name of Saki. 門(mén)羅以筆名沙奇從事寫(xiě)作。門(mén)羅以筆名沙奇從事寫(xiě)作。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)puzzle over think hard about; find the answer by thinking hard 絞盡腦汁；冥思苦想 I spent hours puzzling over the theme of the poem. 我對(duì)這首詩(shī)的主題想了幾個(gè)

18、小時(shí)。我對(duì)這首詩(shī)的主題想了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)wonder about think about sth. in order to know more about it 對(duì).好奇；想知道；對(duì).疑惑 I sometimes wonder about my old friend, where she is now and what shes doing. 我有時(shí)會(huì)想起我的老朋友，想知道她我有時(shí)會(huì)想起我的老朋友，想知道她現(xiàn)在在哪里，在做什么工作?，F(xiàn)在在哪里，在做什么工作。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難

19、點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning At first it was just plain surprising. Word that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammalan achievement long thought impossiblecaught the imagination of everyone. The laboratory process that produced Dolly, an unremarkable-looki

20、ng sheep, theoretically would work for humans as well. A world with human clones was suddenly within reach. It was science fiction coming to life.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 2 In the wake of this announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a f

21、uture filled with incredible possibilities. President Clinton ordered a national commission to study the legal and moral implications of cloning. Leaders in Europe, where most nations already prohibit human cloning, began examining the moral implications of cloning other species.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短

22、語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 3 Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight, Dollys appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists, politicians, and philosophers. And wild questions on the topic of cloning continue to mount.上

23、一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 4-5 Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place? The human cloning situations that experts consider most frequently fall into two broad categories: 1) parents who want to clone a child, either to provide transplants for a d

24、ying child or to replace that child, and 2) adults who for a variety of reasons might want to clone themselves.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 6-7 Will it be possible to clone the dead? Perhaps, if the body is fresh, says one expert. The cloning method used requires combini

25、ng an egg cell with the nucleus of a cell containing the DNA of the person to be cloned. (DNA is a very long, ribbon-like molecule that contains our genetic information.) And that means that the nucleus must be intact. Cells die and the cell nucleus begins to break apart after death. But, yes, in th

26、eory at least it might be possible. 上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 8-9 Would a cloned human be identical to the original? Identical genes dont produce identical people, as anyone who knows a set of identical twins can tell you. In fact, twins are more alike than clones wou

27、ld be, since they have at least shared the same environment within the mother, are usually raised in the same family, and so forth. Parents could clone a second child who resembled their first in appearance, but all the evidence suggests the two would have very different personalities. Twins separat

28、ed at birth do sometimes share personality characteristics, but such characteristics in a cloned son or daughter would only be reminders of the child who was lost. 上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 10 Even in terms of biology, a clone would not be identical to the master copy

29、. The clones cells, for example, would have energy-processing machinery that came from the egg, not from the person who was cloned. But most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor that detection of them would require a sophisticated laboratory. The one possible excepti

30、on is bearing children. The scientists responsible for the successful cloning are not sure that Dolly will be able to have lambs. They will try to find out once shes old enough to breed.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 11-12 What if parents decided to clone a child in order

31、to harvest organs? Most experts agree that it would be psychologically harmful if a child sensed he had been brought into the world simply as an organ donor. But some parents already produce second children with nonfatal transplants in mind, and many experts do not oppose this. Cloning would increas

32、e the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 13 If cloned animals could be used as organ donors, we wouldnt have to worry about cloning twins for transplants. Pigs, for example, have organs similar in size to humans.

33、 But the human body attacks and destroys tissue from other species. To get around that, one company is trying to alter the pigs genetic code to prevent pig organs from being attacked. If the companys technicians succeed, it may be more efficient to produce such pigs by cloning than by current method

34、s.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 14 - 15 How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA? Mom is not right, because the woman who supplied the egg and gave birth to the infant would more appropriately be called Mother. Dad isnt right, either. A traditional father sup

35、plies only half the DNA in a child. Judith Martin, in her writings under the name of Miss Manners, suggests the phrase, Most honored sir or madam. Why? One should always respect ones ancestors, she says, regardless of what they did to bring one into the world.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生

36、詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 16 That still leaves some confusion over vocabulary. The editorial director of one dictionary says that the noun “clonee may sound like a good term, but its not clear enough. Instead, he prefers original and copy.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 17-18 What

37、are the other implications of cloning for society? The gravest concern isnt really cloning itself, but genetic engineeringthe deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements. Specifically, some experts are concerned about the creation of a new (and disrespected)

38、 social class: the clones. One expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century, when Europeans puzzled over how to classify the unfamiliar inhabitants of the Americas, and endlessly debated whether or not they were humans.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞

39、生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)aragraph 19 The list of questions could go on; people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第一段第一段 起初，這對(duì)人們絕對(duì)是個(gè)震驚。有消息稱(chēng)科學(xué)家已經(jīng)成功克隆了一只成年哺乳動(dòng)物，一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被認(rèn)為是不可能的成就。這一傳聞引發(fā)了每個(gè)人的想象。克隆多莉（一只相貌無(wú)奇的綿羊）的實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程，從理論上說(shuō)也同樣適用于克隆人類(lèi)。一個(gè)克

40、隆人的世界突然間近在咫尺，科幻小說(shuō)變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第二段第二段 此消息宣布之后，為了一個(gè)未知世界，一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)各種不可思議的可能性的未來(lái)，各國(guó)政府立即起草指導(dǎo)方針?？肆诸D總統(tǒng)命令一個(gè)全國(guó)委員會(huì)研究克隆在法律和道德上的含義。在歐洲，大多數(shù)國(guó)家都已禁止克隆人類(lèi)，各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)此時(shí)也開(kāi)始研究克隆其他物種的道德含義。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第三段第三段 就像相對(duì)論、原子裂變和第一次太空飛行一樣，多莉的出現(xiàn)給科學(xué)家、政治家和哲學(xué)家們提出了一長(zhǎng)串難以解答

41、的難題。關(guān)于克隆的奇怪問(wèn)題不斷涌現(xiàn)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第四第四五段五段 首先，為什么有人想克隆人類(lèi)? 專(zhuān)家們考慮得最多的關(guān)于克隆人類(lèi)的情形可以分為兩大類(lèi)：1)父母想要克隆孩子，要么是想為面臨死亡威脅的孩子提供移植器官，要么是想代替那個(gè)孩子；2)成年人出于各種各樣的原因想要克隆自己。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第六第六七段七段 是否可能克隆死去的人? 有位專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，如果是剛死去不久，也許就可能。所使用的克隆方法要求將一個(gè)卵細(xì)胞和一個(gè)含有被克隆人的DNA的

42、細(xì)胞核相結(jié)合。(DNA是一種含有我們的基因信息的狹長(zhǎng)帶狀分子。) 這就意味著細(xì)胞核必須保持完整。而人死之后，細(xì)胞死亡，細(xì)胞核就開(kāi)始分裂。但是，的確，至少?gòu)睦碚撋险f(shuō)克隆死去的人是可能的。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第八第八九段九段 克隆的人會(huì)和母本一模一樣嗎? 相同的基因不會(huì)復(fù)制出相同的人。任何認(rèn)識(shí)一些雙胞胎的人都知道這一點(diǎn)。事實(shí)上，雙胞胎相像的程度勝于克隆人，因?yàn)樗麄冎辽僭谀阁w內(nèi)分享過(guò)相同的環(huán)境，通常也在同一個(gè)家庭里被撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大，等等。父母可能克隆出一個(gè)面貌與第一個(gè)孩子相似的人，但是所有的證據(jù)都表明，這兩個(gè)人的個(gè)性會(huì)有很大差異。

43、一出生就被分開(kāi)的雙胞胎，有時(shí)可能有相同的個(gè)性特征，但是這樣的特征出現(xiàn)在克隆的兒子或女兒身上，卻只能令人想起失去的孩子。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十段第十段 即使從生物學(xué)的角度看，克隆人也不會(huì)和“母本”一模一樣。比如，克隆人的細(xì)胞可能會(huì)有來(lái)自卵子而非被克隆人的能量加工機(jī)制。然而，在母體和克隆體之間存在的身體差異大部分都很小，需要在設(shè)備精良的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里才能測(cè)定。唯一可能的例外就是生育能力。成功地實(shí)施了克隆多莉的科學(xué)家們也不敢肯定多莉是否能生育。他們會(huì)等到多莉到了生育年齡時(shí)再確認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)

44、難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十一第十一十二段十二段 如果父母決定克隆一個(gè)孩子以獲得器官，那會(huì)怎樣? 多數(shù)專(zhuān)家都認(rèn)為，如果一個(gè)孩子感到自己只是作為一個(gè)器官捐贈(zèng)者來(lái)到這個(gè)世界，那他的心理可能受到傷害。但也有為了進(jìn)行一些非致命器官的移植而生育第二個(gè)小孩的父母，對(duì)此許多專(zhuān)家也并不反對(duì)?？寺】梢詫⒔M織適配率從25%提高到將近100%。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十三段第十三段 如果把被克隆的動(dòng)物用作器官捐贈(zèng)體，那我們就不必?fù)?dān)心為器官移植而克隆雙胞胎了。例如，豬的器官就和人類(lèi)的差不多大小。但是人體會(huì)排斥并破壞來(lái)

45、自其他物種的組織。為了克服這一障礙，一家公司正在試圖改變豬的基因碼，以避免豬的器官受到排斥。如果該公司的技術(shù)人員成功的話(huà)，那么用克隆技術(shù)來(lái)繁殖這樣的豬比用現(xiàn)行的方法更為有效。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十四第十四十五段十五段 克隆的人將如何稱(chēng)呼其DNA捐贈(zèng)者? 稱(chēng)呼“媽媽”不正確，因?yàn)樘峁┞炎硬⑸聥牒⒌呐硬鸥匈Y格被稱(chēng)為母親。稱(chēng)呼“爸爸”也不對(duì)。傳統(tǒng)意義上的父親只提供孩子身上一半的DNA。朱迪斯馬丁在用筆名“禮儀小姐”撰寫(xiě)的著作里建議這樣稱(chēng)呼：“尊敬的先生/夫人”。為什么呢? “不論他們用什么方式將你帶到這個(gè)世界，”她說(shuō)

46、，“人總得尊敬自己的祖先?！鄙弦豁?yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十六段第十六段 這樣做還是留下了一些詞匯上的難題。一本詞典的主編說(shuō)，名詞“被克隆者”聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)，但卻不夠明晰。他更愿意用“母本”和“副本”。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十七第十七十八段十八段 克隆對(duì)社會(huì)還有什么其他含義? 最讓人擔(dān)心的不是克隆本身，而是基因工程即根據(jù)特定的要求故意改變基因來(lái)創(chuàng)造人類(lèi)。具體地說(shuō)，有些專(zhuān)家擔(dān)心會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)新的（和不被尊重的）社會(huì)階層，即“克隆階層”。有位專(zhuān)家相信，這一情形類(lèi)似

47、于16世紀(jì)時(shí)的一種情況，當(dāng)時(shí)的歐洲人對(duì)如何對(duì)美洲的陌生居民進(jìn)行歸類(lèi)感到困惑，并無(wú)休止地爭(zhēng)論他們究竟是不是人類(lèi)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)第十九段第十九段 問(wèn)題不勝枚舉，而人們只是剛剛開(kāi)始探詢(xún)克隆技術(shù)出現(xiàn)后的世界的未來(lái)。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning Meaning: What effect cloning can bring about legally

48、and morally.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)implication n. 1. C (usu. pl.) a possible effect or result 可能的影響（或后果） She accused the party, and by implication, accused its leader too. 她指責(zé)了該政黨，也含她指責(zé)了該政黨，也含蓄地指責(zé)了其領(lǐng)袖。蓄地指責(zé)了其領(lǐng)袖。 2. C, U sth. that is suggested or not openly stated 含義；暗示 His im

49、plication in the crime was obvious to all. 大家都清楚他和這一罪行有牽連。大家都清楚他和這一罪行有牽連。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)clone vt. make an exact copy of a plant or animal by taking a cell from it and developing it artificially 使無(wú)性繁殖；克隆 What do you think of the cloning technology? 你對(duì)克隆技術(shù)有何看法？你對(duì)克隆技術(shù)有何

50、看法？ n. C a plant or animal produced by cloning 無(wú)性繁殖的個(gè)體；克隆 These plants are all clones of the same original plant. 這些植物都是同一母本植物的克這些植物都是同一母本植物的克隆物。隆物。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point 1 At first it was just plain surprising. (Para. 1) Meaning: At the very beginning it was

51、a complete shock to people. The word it here refers to the news that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammal. 上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point Word that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammalan achievement long thought impossiblecaught the imagination o

52、f everyone. Meaning: The news that scientists had successfully cloned an adult mammal attracted a lot of public attention and interest. The successful clone was an achievement that had been thought impossible for quite a long time.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point A worl

53、d with human clones was suddenly within reach. Meaning: Human cloning suddenly became possible for us.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point 2 It was science fiction coming to life. (Para. 1) Meaning: Human cloning, which once appeared only in science fiction, became a realit

54、y. 上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point 3 In the wake of this announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a future filled with incredible possibilities. (Para. 2) Meaning: After this announcement, governments were in a hurry to draw guidelines for

55、 a future which is full of incredible possibilities and hard to predict. Note that a future filled with incredible possibilities is an apposition to the unknown. 上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)draft vt. make a preliminary version of a document, letter, etc. 起草；草擬 They sat down and d

56、rafted a letter to the local newspaper. 他們坐下來(lái)，給當(dāng)?shù)氐膱?bào)紙草擬了一封信。他們坐下來(lái)，給當(dāng)?shù)氐膱?bào)紙草擬了一封信。 n. C a preliminary written version of a document, letter, etc. 草稿；草案 All parties eventually approved the final draft of the peace treaty. 與會(huì)各方最終同意了和平協(xié)與會(huì)各方最終同意了和平協(xié)議的最終稿。議的最終稿。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一

57、頁(yè)Language Point Dollys appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists, politicians, and philosophers. Meaning: Dollys birth has raised a lot of difficult problems for scientists, politicians and philosophers to cope with.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Langu

58、age Point And wild questions on the topic of cloning continue to mount. Meaning: And people continue to bring up many unpredictable questions about cloning.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)mount vi. increase in amount or degree 增加；上升 The cost of living is mounting steadily. 生活費(fèi)生活費(fèi)用不斷增

59、加。用不斷增加。 vt. go up a step or stairs 登，爬 The old lady mounted the stairs with difficulty. 老太老太太艱難地爬上了樓梯。太艱難地爬上了樓梯。上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)Language Point The human cloning situations that experts consider most frequently fall into two broad categories Meaning: There are two mai

60、n types of human cloning situations that experts often consider.上一頁(yè)上一頁(yè) 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容 課文課文 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 翻譯翻譯 生詞生詞 下一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)transplant n. 1. C an organ or plant moved from one person or one place to another 移植的器官或植物 The transplant was rejected by the body. 移植的器官遭到了身體的排斥。移植的器官遭到了身體的排斥。 2. C the act or process of