高中主語(yǔ)從句(共6頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上升高二英語(yǔ)名詞性從句之主語(yǔ)從句姓名： 年級(jí)： 教師： 劉琳 學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程一、主語(yǔ)從句的概念與類(lèi)型 主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的詞有從屬連詞that, whether以及連接代詞who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和連接副詞when, where, why, how等.一、從屬連詞：that， whether等.that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句只起引導(dǎo)作用，本身無(wú)實(shí)際意義，在主語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，但不能省略。That he will win is certain.他肯定會(huì)贏。Whether hell com

2、e here isnt clear. 他是否會(huì)來(lái)這里還不清楚。注意: 由that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡, 避免 “頭重腳輕”, 常用 it 作形式主語(yǔ), 而把從句放在后面。 例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.2.That they should like each other is natural. 這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +從句 It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是It is

3、 a fact that 是事實(shí) It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)_(很遺憾)we lost the match._(這是事實(shí))he cheated in the exam.2) It is + adj. +從句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明顯 It is necessary important natural. that+(should) do _(很可能)she will come back tomorrow

4、.*_(很明顯)this measure is effective.3) It +不及物動(dòng)詞+從句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起_(剛好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.4) It + be +過(guò)去分詞+從句 It is said that. 據(jù)說(shuō) It is known to all that. 眾所周知 It is reported that. 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is believed that.人們相信 It i

5、s suggested that + (should）do. 建議It must be admitted that必須承認(rèn) It cannot be denied that 不可否認(rèn) It must be pointed out that需指出的是 _(據(jù)報(bào)道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.二、.連接代詞who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, w

6、hat可以和ever構(gòu)成合成詞，和what一樣引導(dǎo)從句，ever起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。它們?cè)诰渥又袚?dān)任主干成分，并用陳述句形式)What many scientists believe is that the earth is round Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 三、.連接副詞when，where， how， why等。Why they suddenl

7、y disappeared still remains a mystery.When they will leave is not decided.How we will paint the house has not been decided.注意:1）主語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞誤：They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural2) whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，if不可誤：If Mary really heard him is really d

8、oubtful.正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.1. (_ is needed for success) is your hard work.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.2. (_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.3. (_ can j

9、oin in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.4. (_ it will rain or not) is not clear.Conclusion:主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。四、主語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)律：找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)規(guī)律例規(guī)律一、主語(yǔ)從句一律用陳述語(yǔ)序， 即主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后。1.When will he come is not known.正：When he will come is not known.規(guī)律二、連詞that 在從句中無(wú)實(shí)際意義， 但不能省略。例2. He will not come to the me

10、eting this evening is true.正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.規(guī)律三、whether 可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，放在句首，但if不能例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.規(guī)律四、主語(yǔ)從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。例4. That whether he will help others is

11、 a fact.正：That he will help others is a fact.規(guī)律五、含主語(yǔ)從句的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用 單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)形式。例5. When he will come are a puzzle.正：When he will come is a puzzle.規(guī)律六、what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可根據(jù)表語(yǔ)決定主句動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。1. What he needs is that book.2. What he needs are some books.規(guī)律七、主語(yǔ)從句為了避免頭重腳輕現(xiàn)象,用 it 做形式主語(yǔ)，而把從句放在后面。That the earth turns aro

12、und the sun is known to all.It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.找出錯(cuò)誤，并給出理由：1. Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided. 2.You have made a mistake is a fact. 3. If the policeman will come is not certain.4. That is certain that we can win. 5. It is ordered we should leave at on

13、ce.6. Where he comes from are a mystery.7. What whether he likes the job is not clear.8. Who he is and where he is from is important. 9.What he saw is the stars in the sky.1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on t

14、he weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B. that C. what D. when4.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have請(qǐng)用恰當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)從句連詞填空: What ,it ,that , whether, whoever1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2.

15、_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 用whetherif填空1.The question is _ the film is interesting.2._ we shall

16、attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet. Correct or not?If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether, 不能用ifThat she wants to know is when the party will be held . What she wants to know is when

17、 the party will be held .Pay attention:此主語(yǔ)從句缺少成分-賓語(yǔ)，故用作成分的what來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用thatHe will give up his job surprises all of us.That he will give up his job surprises all of us.Pay attention:由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，that 不能省略。1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _we

18、ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all that America is a developed country .A Which B As C What D It 4.Its known to us all _ a form of energyA. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was t

19、urning gray.A. whether B. that C. what D. when6.What I say and think _ none of your business.A. is B. are C. has D have五、語(yǔ)氣 在It is necessary / natural / important / strange.+ that-clause這類(lèi)句型里,that所引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用"should +原形",表虛似語(yǔ)氣.例如: It is necessary that the problem should be settled at onc

20、e.這個(gè)問(wèn)題必須馬上解決. It's strange that he should have gone away without telling us.他竟然沒(méi)向我們說(shuō)一聲就走了,真是奇怪. 鞏固練習(xí) 15. It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 六、以it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別 "It be + adj./n. + that-clause"與

21、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型均有It be.that.之類(lèi)的語(yǔ)言標(biāo)志,但不同的是:前者中的that從句是主語(yǔ)從句.若刪掉其中的It be和that,則剩余部分不論結(jié)構(gòu)還是語(yǔ)意都不能成為一個(gè)句子;但若將后者中的It be和that去掉,則剩余部分的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)意仍能構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型譯為漢語(yǔ)時(shí)可加上"正是"或"就是"之類(lèi)的字眼,而主語(yǔ)從句則不可以.請(qǐng)比較下面兩個(gè)句子: It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人驚奇的是瑪莉竟然獲得了第一名. It is Mary that has won first

22、 place.正是瑪莉得了第一名. 第一句話中的It是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句.句中的It is和that無(wú)法刪除,若刪除句子就不成立. 第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,其中的It is和that可去掉,因?yàn)闆](méi)有It is和that句子仍很通順. 鞏固練習(xí) 1. Does _ matter if he can't finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it 2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. which B. that C. if D. for _ is

23、a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 4. _ what they told me really true? A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have 5. It matters little _ a man dies, but _ matters much is _ he lives. A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that 6. _ she couldn't understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 7. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B