unit12Life is full of the unexpected.課件

1、Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. 一、重點單詞：171. miss v. 錯過，未得到；2. unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；3. block n. 街區(qū)4. worker n. 工作者5. stare v. 盯著看，凝視6. disbelief n. 不信，懷疑7. above adv. 在上面8. burn v. 著火；燃燒； 9.alive adj. 活著的；有生氣的；10. airport n. 飛機場11. till conj. Prep. 直到12. west adv. 向西13. cream n. 奶油，乳脂； 14.pi

2、e n. 果餡餅；15. bean n. 豆莢； 16. market n. 集市；17.fool n, 蠢人，傻瓜；v.愚弄；18.costume n. 服裝，裝束；19. embarrassed adj. 窘迫的；害羞的；20.announce v. 宣布21. spaghetti n. 意大利面條22. hoax n. 騙局；惡作劇23. discovery n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺; 24. lady n. 女士 25. cancel v. 取消，終止；26. officer n. 軍官27. believable adj. 可相信的，可信任的； 28. disappear v. 消失；不見；

3、29. embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的。30.backpack n. 背包，旅行包；31. oversleep v. 睡過頭；二、重點詞組1. take a shower洗浴 2. leave my backpack at home把背包忘在家里 3. get back to school返回學(xué)校 4. start teaching開始教學(xué) 5. go off 響鈴 6. rush out the door沖出房門 7. give sb. a lift捎某人一程 8. miss both events錯過兩個事件 9. be full of 充滿10. be about to

4、do sth.正要/將要做某事 11. stare in disbelief at難以置信地盯著. 12. raise above the burning building從正在燃燒的樓上升起13. jump out of bed跳下床14. collect the math homework收數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè) 15. complete the work for my boss完成老板的工作16. make the apple pie制作蘋果餡餅 17. show up趕到,出現(xiàn) 18. add the green beans加綠豆莢 19. get dressed緊張20. hand in home

5、work 上交作業(yè) 21. costume party化裝舞會22. take place發(fā)生 23. play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other相互開各種玩笑24. sell out賣完，售完 25. lose weight減肥 26. by the end of that day到那天結(jié)束時 27. end up以結(jié)束 28. get married結(jié)婚 29. have a happy ending有一個幸福的結(jié)局 30. fear spread across the whole country恐懼席卷整個國家31. the unlu

6、ckiest day of my life一生中最不幸的一天 32. head west 向西行駛 33. in the middle of the road在路中間34. turn around 調(diào)頭 35. make an unexpected discovery作一個出乎意料的發(fā)現(xiàn)36. cancel the plan取消計劃三、重點句式1.Life is full of the unexpected.生活充滿了意料之外的事。2. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.當(dāng)我起床時，我哥哥已經(jīng)進了

7、浴室了。3. By the time I got outside, the bus had already gone. 當(dāng)我出來時，公汽已經(jīng)走了。4. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.當(dāng)我到達學(xué)校時，我才意識到我把背包忘在家里了。5. By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.當(dāng)我走進教室時，老師已經(jīng)開始講課了。6.At least by the time you got to school,

8、you were only five minutes late for class.至少當(dāng)你到達學(xué)校時，你只遲到了五分鐘。7. I kept sleeping,and when I woke up it was already 8:00 a.m.!我一直睡，當(dāng)我醒來時已經(jīng)是8點整了。8. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already showed up.當(dāng)我到達晚會時， 其他的每個人都已經(jīng)到了。9. When he put the noodles into the bowl, he realized he had f

9、orgotten to add the green beans.當(dāng)他把面條放進碗里時，他意識到他忘了添加綠豆莢了。10. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he had gone into the building. 在她得到一個向他告別的機會之前，他已經(jīng)進入樓房了。11. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.當(dāng)我正要上樓，這時我決定先去買杯咖啡。12.Before I could join the others outside to see what was goin

10、g on , the first plane had already hit my office building.在我跟著其他人一起去外面看發(fā)生了什么之前，第一架飛機已經(jīng)撞到了我辦公室所在的大樓。13.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building,我們直愣愣地盯著燃燒的大樓上升起的黑煙，無法相信（這一切）。14.My bad luck had unexpectedly turned into a good thing. 我的霉運意外地變成了一件好事。15.What happened to

11、 Dave on April Fools day？ 戴夫在愚人節(jié)發(fā)生了什么？16.It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 它發(fā)生在每年的四月一日，這一天許多人互相之間搞惡作劇開玩笑。17. Many April Fool s jokes may end up being not very funny.許多愚人節(jié)玩笑的結(jié)局并不是那么有趣。18.He made it sound so real that hun

12、dreds of people believed the story，and fear spread across the whole county.他讓它聽起來是那么真實以至于成千上萬的人相信了，恐懼蔓延了整個國家。四、詞匯包： 1. by the time 到時候by the time作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句：當(dāng)從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時；當(dāng)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時或?qū)硗瓿蓵r。By the time he was ten, Tom built a chemistry lab himself. 等到了十歲的時候，湯姆自己建了一個化學(xué)實驗室。Ill be in bed by

13、 the time you get home. 你到家時，我已經(jīng)上床睡覺了。By the time I was five, I _English. Really?A. had started learning B. have started learning C. started to learn D. started learning 【解析】by the time所引導(dǎo)的從句是一般過去時，其主句要用過去完成時。正確答案是A。2. above adv. 在上面above的用法一、作介詞1. 在.上面 The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于樹梢上。2. 在.

14、之上,超過 They are children above six years old.他們是六歲以上的孩子。3. 高于;優(yōu)于;勝過 In the company, Dick ranks above Tom.在公司里,迪克的地位比湯姆高。4. 不屑于;不致于He considered himself above doing such things.他自認(rèn)為是不會去做那種事的。二、作副詞1. 在上面;向上面 There are snowy peaks above.上面是白雪皚皚的群峰。2. (級別、數(shù)目等)更高;更大;更多 Men and women of eighteen and above

15、are eligible to vote.年齡在十八歲以上的男女有投票表決權(quán)。3. 在上文 See the examples given above.見上述例子。3、 作名詞1. 上文;上述事實In addition to all of the above, she won a Prize in 1980.除上述外,她還在1980年獲獎。The plane flew above the clouds. 飛機在云層上飛行。【橫向輻射】above，on, over的用法1. above的意思是“在之上”，“高于”，表示相對高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反義詞是below. The plane fle

16、w above the clouds.飛機在云層上面飛行。 2. over的意思是“在之上”，表示在垂直之上，其反義詞是under. There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座橋。 There is a boat under the bridge. 橋下有一只船。 3.on的意思是“在上面”，表示與表面接觸。He put the book on the desk.他把書放在課桌上。 【課堂變式】Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays zero.A. up B.

17、 down C. above D. below【解析】本題考查介詞詞義辨析。up在的上面；down在的下面；above在上面；below在下面。句意為“這兒冬天很少看到冰，因為氣溫正常在零度以上。stay above zero在零度以上。故選C。3. alive adj. 活著的；有生氣的；alive, living 與live1. alive 主要用作表語（有時可用作后置定語，但不用作前置定語），可用于人或動物。He must be still alive. 他一定還活著。注：若 alive 本身有修飾語，則也可用作前置定語。He is a really alive student. 他的確

18、是一個十分活躍的學(xué)生。2. living 可用作表語或定語，可用于人或物。Are your grandparents still living？ 你的祖父母還健在嗎？alive 和 living 表示“活著的”，兩者含義很接近，只要句法適合，有時可互換。誰是當(dāng)代最偉大的詩人？正：Who is the greatest living poet？正：Who is the greatest poet alive？若需嚴(yán)格區(qū)分，兩者仍有差別：living 通常是客觀描述某人“尚在人間”或“健在”，而 alive 則主要指生與死的“界限”。He was still alive when I reache

19、d the hospital. 當(dāng)我趕到醫(yī)院時他還活著。3. live 通常只用作定語（前置），可用于動物或植物，但一般不用于人。He bought some live fish. 他買了幾條活魚。Only a few live trees were left after the fire. 火災(zāi)之后只剩下幾棵樹還活著【課堂變式】Dont be too sad, we should feel lucky to be _ (live).【解析】考查形容詞，由句意可知。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)感到幸運我們活著，be alive表示活著的狀態(tài)。故填alive4. empty (adj.)空的；空閑的 (v.) 排空

20、；倒出1.作形容詞，常用表語或定語，此時其反義詞是full。He took his empty coffee cup back to the counter. 他把空咖啡杯送回到柜臺。We walked in the empty street. 我們走在空曠的街上。2.作動詞，后常接賓語，此時其反義詞是fill。He emptied his tool bag. 他騰出自己的工具袋。She emptied the box. 她倒空了箱子?！菊n堂變式】The dustbins wont _ because they are _ now. A. empty; empty B. be emptied;

21、 empty C. emptied; emptied D. empty; be emptied 【解析】前一空empty是動詞，用被動語態(tài)。后一空empty是形容詞。正確答案是B。5. show up 出席；露面Why didn't you show up at the meeting yesterday? 昨天的會你怎么沒來參加？1. show sb. around意為“帶某人參觀”。Would you like me to show you around? 讓我?guī)戕D(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)好嗎？Before you start work I'll show you around th

22、e office. 你開始工作前，我將帶你參觀一下辦公室。2. show off意為“炫耀”。The children always like to show off when we have guests. 有客人的時候孩子們總喜歡表現(xiàn)自己。He wrote in that style just to show off. 這種文體寫文章，完全是為了賣弄文采?！菊n堂變式】It is said that Jay Chou sang his latest song in the concert. Thats impossible. In fact, he had ne

23、ver _by the time the concert ended. A. put up B. set up C. fixed up D. shown up 【解析】put up “張貼，搭建”； set up“建立”；fix up “修理”；由Thats impossible.可知Jay Chou直到音樂會結(jié)束前也沒有露面。正確答案是D。6. marry (v.) 嫁，娶；與結(jié)婚1. A marry B意為“A與B結(jié)婚；A娶/嫁給B”。Jane is going to marry John. 簡就要嫁給約翰了。2. A and B get married=A and B are marri

24、ed=A be/get married to B，意為“A和B結(jié)婚”。Lucy and Leo got married last week. 露西和利奧上周結(jié)婚了。3. marry A to B意為“把A嫁給B或給A娶B”。He married his son to a rich girl.他給兒子娶了一個有錢的女子。1. marry為短暫性動詞，在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。be married 是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示狀態(tài)，可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。They got married three years ago. =They have been married for three

25、years. =It has been three years since they got married. 他們結(jié)婚三年了。2. married 作表語是介詞要用to，不用with，即be/get married to sb。He was married to actress Demi Moore from 1987 until 1998. 1987-1998年他曾與女演員黛米摩爾結(jié)婚?！菊n堂變式】They got _ 30 years ago. Now their children are both working in Shanghai. A. annoyed B. married C

26、. worried D. surprised 7. sell out 賣完； 售光This kind of shoes are sold out. 這種鞋全賣光了。The book you ask for are all sold out.你要的書都賣完了?！菊n堂變式】Have you _ all your old toys?Yeah. They are popular. Look, my box is empty now. A. shown up B. set off C. sold out D. broken down 8. leave用法如下：a. 離開（v.） I leaves my

27、home for work at 7:30.b. 留給（v.）You can leave your pet dog with your parents, they can look after it.c. 遺留 （v.）His father left him nothing when he died.d. 遺忘（v.）常用搭配為leave sth .+地點: He left his key at home.e. 假期 （n.）She asked for a days leave yesterday.Practice1. On Monday morning, John got up late.

28、So by the time he got to the bus stop, the bus_A. left B. leaved C. had leaved D. had left2. Dont forget _ it to school tomorrow, please. A. forget; to take B. left; to bring C. forgot to bring D. left; to taken9. Life is full of the unexpected. the+adj.用法小結(jié)：a. the+adj.表示某一類型的人。 the rich富人 the poor

29、窮人 the blind 盲人 the sick 病人 the old 老人 He set up a school for the deaf and the dumb. 他創(chuàng)建了一所聾啞學(xué)校。b. the +分詞形容詞 , 表示某一類型的人 the wounded傷員 the killed 被殺者c. the+國籍形容詞, 表示全體國民 the English 英國人Practice1. In the novel, the hero stole from_ to give to _A. a rich; a poor B. rich; poor C. the rich; the poor D.

30、riches; poors2. Those of us who are sighted dont understand_（盲人的問題）。10. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee firstbe about to do的后面不能接具體的時間做狀語，但能接when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句作狀語。PracticeMy father _ turn on the TV when the power was off. A. was going to B. was about to C. will D. was to五、句式包：1. By th

31、e time I got outside, the bus had already left. 當(dāng)我出來的時候，公共汽車已經(jīng)走了。（本句是by the time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，從句是I got up，是一般過去時。主句the bus had already left是過去完成時。）過去完成時表示在過去某個時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或一直延續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。它表示的動作所發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”，常用“助動詞had+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。常與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：by(the end of)+過去的時間，for+段時間，since+點時間，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句(從句中謂語動詞用過去時)等。

32、By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals and we had kicked four.到比賽結(jié)束時，他們已踢進兩個球，我們進了四個球。”By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom. 在她起床之前她的弟弟已經(jīng)進了盥洗室?！緳M向輻射】過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的主要區(qū)別是時間的參照點不同：過去完成時的時間參照點是某個“過去的”時間；現(xiàn)在完成時的時間參照點是“現(xiàn)在”。因此現(xiàn)在完成時中的很多規(guī)則，也適用于過去完成時。Wh

33、en I got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.當(dāng)我到達電影院時，電影已演了五分鐘了。(got是一個過去的“時間點”，電影“開始”在我“到達”之前，是“過去的過去”。因為for five minutes為延續(xù)一段的時間狀語，應(yīng)用可延續(xù)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)be on的過去完成時形式。）【溫馨提示】過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài)，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有在和過去某時或某動作相比較時才用到它，因此當(dāng)原句中若找不到一個“過去的時間”作為參照點時，是不能用過去完成時的?！纠洹縃e got to the railway station a

34、nd suddenly realized that he had forgotten to bring his ticket.他到了火車站后忽然意識到他竟忘記帶車票了。（“忘記”這一動作在“意識到”這一動作之前。）1.Why didnt you go to the movie yesterday?Because I _it before. A. had watched B. have seen C. have watched D. had seen 【解析】“看電影”要用動詞see，所以可先排除和。再由yesterday可知答話者在昨天之前就已看過這部電影，即“過去的過去”，要用過去完成時。正

35、確答案是D。2.By the end of last year, we _ about 2000 English words. A. were learning B. have learnt C. learnt D. had learnt 【解析】由時間狀語By the end of last year可知應(yīng)用過去完成時，即“had+過去分詞”。正確答案是D。3.Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything _. A. is changed B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed

36、【課堂變式】2. When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home. 當(dāng)她到學(xué)校時，她意識到她把背包忘在家里了。表示“把某物忘在某處”要用詞組leave sth .in a place。I've left my umbrella at home.我把傘忘在家里了。I left my book on the desk. 我把書忘在桌子上?！緳M向輻射】forget forget意為“遺忘某物”，指忘記一件具體的東西，但不能有具體的地點。I forgot my umbrella yesterday .

37、我昨天忘了帶傘。Don't forget the cases. 別忘了帶箱子?！菊n堂變式】Boys and girls! Please _ your compositions after class. Oh, my God! I _ it at home. A. hand in, forgot B. hand in, left C. hand out, forgot D. hand out, left 【解析】hand in意為“上交”，hand out意為“分發(fā)”?？上扰懦鼵和D。forget意為“遺忘某物”，指忘記一件具體的東西，但不能有具體的地點。leave意為“遺忘某物在某處”

38、，后應(yīng)接具體的地點。由此根據(jù)at home確定正確答案是B。2. Last Friday night, my friend invited me to his birthday party. 上周五晚上，我朋友邀請我參加他的生日晚會。invite sb. to a place（或一活動、聚會） 意為“邀請某人到某一地方或參加某一活動”；invite sb. to do sth. 意為“邀請某人做某事”。I think we have many friends now, and we must invite them to our place. 我想我們現(xiàn)在有很多朋友了， 我們也應(yīng)該邀請他們到我

39、們家做客。Kittys teacher Mr Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park基蒂的老師吳老師邀請我參加了去世界公園的學(xué)校郊游活動?！菊n堂變式】1.本次會議我們將邀請多少人？How many people shall we_? 2.我邀請她出去散散步。I _for a walk.【解析】1. invite to the meeting 2. invited her to go out4. Wells made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed th

40、e story and fear spread across the whole country. Wells 講述這個新聞起來如此的真實，以致成百上千的人都相信了這個故事，進而引發(fā)了全國性的恐慌。so that在此引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，so后面應(yīng)加一個形容詞或副詞，意為“如此以至于”。This book is so interesting that everyone in our class wants to read itHe ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him他跑得那么快，以至于我跟不上他。（so副詞）【橫向輻射】表示“如此以至

41、于”之意時， sothat, tooto do sth., enough to do sth. 這三個句型可互換使用。1.在sothat句型中，當(dāng)主語和從句都是肯定式，且主、從句的主語指的是同一人時，可簡化為enough to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。He ran so fast that he caught up with us quickly. =He ran fast enough to catch up with us quickly. 他跑得飛快，很快就趕上了我們。2. 在sothat句型中，當(dāng)主句和從句都是肯定式，但主、從句的主語不一致時，可簡化成enough for sb. to d

42、o sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。The problem is so easy that she can work it out. =The problem is easy enough for her to work out. 3. 在sothat句型中，當(dāng)主句和從句的主語一致，但主句是肯定式，從句是否定式時，可簡化成enough to do sth. 或tooto do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。與enough to do sth.轉(zhuǎn)換時，形容詞或副詞應(yīng)變?yōu)榕c之相反的詞，前面的動詞為否定式。He is so young that he cant go to school. =He is too young to go

43、 to school. =He is not old enough to go to school. 他還沒到上學(xué)的年齡。如果主從句的主語不一致，須在to do sth.前加for sb. 作為不定式的邏輯主語。The problem is so difficult that we cant work it out. =The problem is too difficult for us to work out. =The problem isnt easy enough for us to work out. 這道題太難了，我們解答不出來?！菊n堂變式】根據(jù)上句改寫下句，且使上下兩句意思相同

44、或相近，每空一詞。1. She is so tall that she can get the apples on the tree. She is tall _ _ get the apples on the tree. 2. He got up so late that he couldnt catch the bus. He _ get up early _ _ catch the bus. He got up _ late _ catch the bus. 3. His English is so bad that I cant understand it.His English _

45、_ _ _ me to understand. His English is _ bad _ _ _ understand. 4. The apple is too high for me to reach. The apple is _ high _ I _ reach it. 【解析】1.enough to 2. didnt, enough to; too, to 3. isnt good enough for; too, for me to 4. so, that, cant5.All of the spaghetti across the country had been sold o

46、ut.V.+out 短語總結(jié)：give out分發(fā)；發(fā)放 hand out分發(fā)；發(fā)放 work out 得出（結(jié)果；總數(shù)等）run out of 用光；耗盡 go out 出去；熄滅 find out 查明；弄清look out 當(dāng)心 take out 拿出過去完成時一、過去完成時的概念與結(jié)構(gòu)特點 概念：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去（ past-in-the-past ）”。|-|->那時以前 那時 現(xiàn)在 構(gòu)成：主語+had+過去分詞（p.p），其中 had 通用于各種人稱。They had already had breakfast be

47、fore they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 肯定句：主語+had+過去分詞. 否定句：主語+had+not+過去分詞. 一般疑問句：Had+主語+過去分詞? 肯定回答：Yes,主語+had 否定回答：No,主語+hadn't 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞或詞組+一般疑問句（Had+主語+過去分詞）？ 被動語態(tài)：主語+had（hadn't)+been+過去分詞二、過去完成時的判斷依據(jù) 1. 由時間狀語來判定 一般說來，各種時態(tài)都有特定的時

48、間狀語。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有： （ 1 ） by + 過去的時間點。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 過去的時間點。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 過去的時間點。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“過去

49、的過去”來判定。 過去完成時表示“過去的過去”，是指過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，即動作有先后關(guān)系，動作在前的用過去完成時，在后的用一般過去時。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在： （ 1 ）賓語從句中 當(dāng)賓語從句的主句為一般過去時，且從句的動作先于主句的動作時，從句要用過去完成時。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）狀語從句中 在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系，動作在前的，要用過去完成時，動作在后的要用一般過去時。如

50、： When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意： before, after 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表達了動作的先后關(guān)系，若主、從句表示的動作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過去時。如： Where did you study before you came here? After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意

51、向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本，未能" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.3. 根據(jù)上、下文來判定。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.三、過去完成時的主要用法 1. 過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在“過

52、去的過去”。 When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒來時，雨已經(jīng)停了。（主句的動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”） 2. 過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài)，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才使用它。 He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 發(fā)生在 told 之前 ) 3. 過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等時間副詞及 by

53、， before ， until 等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years. Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten. 4. 過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。By the end of last year, he had worked in the

54、 factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了20 年，還有繼續(xù)進行下去的可能）5. 過去完成時還可用在hardlywhen, no soonerthan(剛就), It was the first (second, etc) time (that)等固定句型中。 Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他剛開始演講，聽眾就打斷了他。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他剛到就又走了。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了。四、過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在完成時表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，但側(cè)重對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“助動詞 have (has) + 過去分詞”；過去完成時則是一個相對的時態(tài)，它所表示的動作不僅發(fā)生在過去，更強調(diào)“過去的過去”，只有和過去某時或某動作相比較時，才用到它。 I have learned 1000 English words so f