高中英語(yǔ)選修6課文逐句翻譯(人教新課標(biāo))

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx高中英語(yǔ)選修6課文逐句翻譯(人教新課標(biāo))【精品文檔】1.選修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)簡(jiǎn)史 Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 藝術(shù)是受著人民生活習(xí)俗和信仰的影響的。 Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格經(jīng)歷了多次變革。 As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be

2、impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格多種多樣，在短短的一篇課文里不可能進(jìn)行全面的描述。Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只談及從公元6世紀(jì)以來(lái)最主要的幾種藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世紀(jì)(公元5世紀(jì)到15世紀(jì)) During the Middle

3、Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世紀(jì),畫(huà)家的主要任務(wù)是把宗教的主題表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。 A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)家無(wú)意于如實(shí)地展現(xiàn)自然和人物。A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a fee

4、ling of respect and love for God. 那個(gè)時(shí)期的典型的繪畫(huà)充滿了宗教的(象)特征,體現(xiàn)出了對(duì)上帝的愛(ài)戴與敬重。 But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是,很顯然到了13世紀(jì)時(shí),觀念發(fā)生變化,像喬托這樣的畫(huà)家開(kāi)始以一種比較現(xiàn)實(shí)的風(fēng)格來(lái)畫(huà)宗教場(chǎng)景。The Renaissance (15th to

5、 16th century) 文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期( 15世紀(jì)到16世紀(jì)) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. 在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期,新的思想和價(jià)值觀逐漸取代了中世紀(jì)的思想和價(jià)值觀。 People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. 人們開(kāi)始較少關(guān)注宗教主題而采取一種更人性化的生活態(tài)度。 At the same

6、 time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. 同時(shí)畫(huà)家們回到了羅馬、希臘的古典藝術(shù)理念上。 They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. 他們力爭(zhēng)如實(shí)地畫(huà)出人物和自然。Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. 富人們想擁有自己的藝術(shù)品并用來(lái)裝飾自己的

7、高級(jí)宮殿和豪宅They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.,他們出價(jià)聘請(qǐng)著名藝術(shù)家來(lái)為自己畫(huà)像,畫(huà)自己的房屋和其他財(cái)物,以及他們的活動(dòng)和成就。 One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. 在此期間,最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一就是如何用透視法來(lái)

8、畫(huà)出事物。 This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. 這一手法是1428年由馬賽其奧第一次使用的。When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 當(dāng)人們第一次看到他的畫(huà)時(shí),還以為是透過(guò)墻上的小洞來(lái)觀看真實(shí)的場(chǎng)景,并對(duì)此深信不疑。If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no on

9、e would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. 如沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)透視法,人們就不可能畫(huà)出如此逼真的畫(huà)。 By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. 巧合的是這一時(shí)期油畫(huà)顏料也得到了發(fā)展,它使得繪畫(huà)的色彩看上去更豐富、更深沉。 Without the new paints and the new technique, we woul

10、d not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 沒(méi)有新的顏料和新的(繪畫(huà))手法,我們就不能看到很多使這一時(shí)代著名的杰作。Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)印象派時(shí)期( 19世紀(jì)后期到20世紀(jì)初期) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial o

11、ne. 19世紀(jì)后期,歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的變化,從以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會(huì)變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會(huì)。Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. 許多人從農(nóng)村遷入到新城市。There were many new inventions and social changes. 有著許多新發(fā)明,還有許多社會(huì)變革。Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. 這些變革也自然而然地促成了新的繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格。Among the painters who broke away from t

12、he traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫(huà)法的畫(huà)家中有生活和工作在法國(guó)巴黎的印象派畫(huà)家。 The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. 印象派畫(huà)家是第一批室外寫(xiě)景的畫(huà)家。They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. 他們急切地想把一天中不同時(shí)間

13、投射到物體上的光線和陰影呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. 然而由于自然光的變化很快,印象派畫(huà)家們必須很快地作畫(huà),Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. 因此,他們的畫(huà)就不像以前那些畫(huà)家們的畫(huà)那樣細(xì)致了。 At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very a

14、ngry about it. 起初,許多人都不喜歡這種畫(huà)法,甚至還怒不可遏。They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.他們說(shuō)這些畫(huà)家作畫(huà)時(shí)漫不經(jīng)心、粗枝大葉,而他們的作品更是荒謬可笑。Modern Art (20th century to today) 現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)(20世紀(jì)至今) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accep

15、ted as the beginning of what we call "modern art".在印象派作品的創(chuàng)建初期,它們是存在著爭(zhēng)議的,但是如今己被人們接受而成為現(xiàn)在我們所說(shuō)的“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”的始祖了。This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. 這是因?yàn)橛∠笈晒膭?lì)畫(huà)家用一種嶄新的視角看待他們的環(huán)境。There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressio

16、nists, many of these painting styles might not exist. 如今,現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)風(fēng)格有好幾十種,然而如果沒(méi)有印象派,那么這許多不同的風(fēng)格就不可能存在。 On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colou

17、r, line and shape to represent them. 一方面,有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的,也就是說(shuō),畫(huà)家并不打算把我們眼睛看到的東西如實(shí)地畫(huà)出來(lái),而是集中展現(xiàn)物體的某些品質(zhì)特性,用色彩、線條和形狀把它們呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. 而另一方面,有些現(xiàn)代派的藝術(shù)作品卻是那么寫(xiě)實(shí),看上去就像是照片。These styles are so different.這些風(fēng)格如此不同。Who can predict wh

18、at painting styles there will be in the future?誰(shuí)能預(yù)言將來(lái)會(huì)有什么樣的繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)風(fēng)格?2.選修六Unit 1 THE BEST OF MANHATTANS ART GALLERIES曼哈頓藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊薈萃The Frick Collection (5th Avenue and E.70th Street) 弗里克收藏館(第5大道和第70街大道之間) Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York. 在紐約,比起其他藝術(shù)館許多藝術(shù)愛(ài)好

19、者都更樂(lè)意參觀這家小型藝術(shù)陳列館。Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people. 亨利·克萊·弗里克是紐約的一位富豪,于1919年去世,把他的房子、家具和藝術(shù)收藏品全部留給了美國(guó)人民。 Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented

20、 in this excellent collection. 弗里克對(duì)20世紀(jì)以前的西方繪畫(huà)有偏愛(ài),而在這個(gè)陳列館的珍藏品里這些繪畫(huà)得以很好展出。 You can also explore Frick's beautiful home and garden which are well worth a Visit.你還可以好好考察一下弗里克美麗的故居和花園,它們是很值得一看的。Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)古根海姆博物館(第5大道和第88街交匯處) This museum owns 5,000 superb modern pa

21、intings, sculptures and drawings. 這家博物館擁有5000幅非常好的現(xiàn)代油畫(huà)、雕塑和素描。 These art works are not all displayed at the same time. The exhibition is always changing. 這些藝術(shù)品并不是同時(shí)展出的,展品總是在不斷地更換。 It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings. 展覽將吸引印象派和后印象派作品的愛(ài)好者。 The Guggenheim Muse

22、um building is also world-famous. 古根海姆博物館的大樓也是世界聞名的。 When you walk into gallery, you feel as if you were inside a fragile, white seashell. 當(dāng)你走進(jìn)畫(huà)廊的時(shí)候,你會(huì)覺(jué)得你進(jìn)入了一個(gè)易碎的白色貝殼之中。The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom. 看畫(huà)展最好是從頂層看起,一直往下看到底層。 There are no st

23、airs just a circular path. The museum also has an excellent restaurant.展廳里沒(méi)有樓梯,只有一條環(huán)形的小道。博物館里還有一家極好的餐館。Metropolitan Museum of Art (5th Avenue and 82nd Street)大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館(第5大道與第82街交匯處) The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection. 這家博物館以收藏藝術(shù)品種類繁多而享有盛名。 This covers more than 5,

24、000 years of civilization from many parts of the world, including America, Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America. 它的藝術(shù)品收藏涵蓋了5000多年來(lái)世界上眾多國(guó)家的文明史,其中包括美洲、歐洲、中國(guó)、埃及、其他非洲國(guó)家和南美洲。The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art. It introduces you to ancient ways of livi

25、ng. 這家博物館展出的不只是可以看得見(jiàn)的藝術(shù)之美,它還向你介紹了古代的生活方式。 You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house and many other special exhibitions. 你可以看到埃及的寺廟,馥郁的明朝花園,18世紀(jì)法國(guó)住宅中的典型房間,以及許多其他特殊展品。Museum of Modern Art (53rd Street, between 5th and 6th Avenues) 現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館(

26、第53街,位于第5和第6大道之間) It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum. 令人驚奇的是,在同一家博物館里竟能容納下19世紀(jì)后期到21世紀(jì)的如此眾多的名家巨作。The collection of Western art includes paintings by such famous artists as Monet, Van Gogh, Picasso and Matisse. 西方藝

27、術(shù)的收藏包括有莫奈、凡高、畢加索和馬蒂斯等著名藝術(shù)家的作品。 A few words of warning: the admission price is not cheap and the museum is often very crowded.有幾句話需要提醒你注意:博物館票價(jià)不菲,而且常常十分擁擠。Whitney Museum of American Art (945 Madison Avenue, near 75th Street)惠特尼美國(guó)藝術(shù)博物館(麥迪遜大道945號(hào),靠近第75街) The Whitney holds an excellent collection of con

28、temporary American painting and sculpture. 惠特尼博物館藏有極好的當(dāng)代美國(guó)繪畫(huà)和雕塑品。There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. 館內(nèi)沒(méi)有永久性的展出,展品都是隨時(shí)更換的。Every two years, the Whitney holds a special exhibition of new art by living artists. 惠特尼博物館每?jī)赡暧幸淮翁厥獾恼褂[,展品是仍然在世的藝術(shù)家們的新作。The museum

29、 also shows videos and films by contemporary video artists. 這家博物館還展出當(dāng)代影視藝術(shù)家的錄像和電影作品。3.選修六Unit 2 A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS 簡(jiǎn)體英文詩(shī) There are various reasons why people write poetry. 人們寫(xiě)詩(shī)有著各種各樣的理由。 Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impres

30、sion. 有些詩(shī)是為了敘事，或者說(shuō)是描述某件事并給讀者以強(qiáng)烈的印象。 Others try to convey certain emotions. 而有些詩(shī)則是為了傳達(dá)某種感情。Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. 詩(shī)人用許多不同風(fēng)格的詩(shī)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的情感。In this text, however, we will look at a few of the simpler forms. 本文只談了幾種格式比較簡(jiǎn)單的詩(shī)。 Some of the first poetry a young child lea

31、rns in English is nursery rhymes. 孩子們最早學(xué)習(xí)的英文詩(shī)是童謠。 These rhymes like the one on the right (A) are still a common type of children's poetry. 像右邊的這首童謠（A）至今仍然是常見(jiàn)的。 The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition

32、. 童謠的語(yǔ)言具體但富有想象力，這使得小孩子們快樂(lè)，因?yàn)樗鼈冄喉?，?jié)奏感強(qiáng)，并較多重復(fù)。The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. 童謠不一定有什么意義，甚至有的看來(lái)自相矛盾，但是它們?nèi)菀讓W(xué)，也容易背誦。By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language. 通過(guò)童謠中的文字游戲，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)了語(yǔ)言。（A）Hush, little baby, don&#

33、39;t say a word,小寶寶，別說(shuō)話，Papa's going to buy you a mockingbird.爸爸給你買個(gè)小嘲鳥(niǎo)。If that mockingbird won't sing,小嘲鳥(niǎo)，不會(huì)唱，Papa's going to buy you a diamond ring.爸爸給你買個(gè)鉆石戒。If that diamond ring turns to brass,鉆石戒，變成銅，Papa's going to buy you a looking-glass.爸爸給你買個(gè)小鏡子。If that looking-glass gets bro

34、ke,小鏡子，打破了，Papa's going to buy you a billy-goat.爸爸給你買個(gè)小山羊。If that billy-goat runs away,小山羊，跑掉了。Papa's going to buy you another today.爸爸今天再去給你買一只。One of the simplest kinds of poems are those like B and C that list things.像（B）和（C）這樣的列舉事物的清單詩(shī)是詩(shī)歌中最簡(jiǎn)單的一種。List poems have a flexible line length and

35、 repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.清單詩(shī)可長(zhǎng)可短，可以重復(fù)一些短語(yǔ)，較為靈活。形成固定句型和詩(shī)的節(jié)奏。Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C).有些清單詩(shī)有韻腳（如B）,但有一些沒(méi)有（如C）。（B）I saw a fish- pond all on fire我看到魚(yú)塘在燃燒I saw a fish-pond all on fire,我看到魚(yú)塘在燃燒，I saw a house bow to a squire,我看到房子向地主哈腰，I s

36、aw a person twelve-feet high,我看到人高一丈八，I saw a cottage in the sky,我看到茅屋在天郊。I saw a balloon made of lead,我看到氣球用鉛做，I saw a coffin drop down dead,我看到棺材把死人拋。I saw two sparrows run a race,我看到兩只麻雀在賽跑，I saw two horses making lace,我看到兩匹馬兒繡花包。I saw a girl just like a cat,我看到姑娘像只貓，I saw a kitten wear a hat,我看到

37、小貓帶花帽。I saw a man who saw these too,我看到有人在一旁瞄，And said though strange they all were true.雖奇怪，但也把實(shí)情報(bào)。（C）Our first football match我們的第一場(chǎng)球賽We would have won .我們本來(lái)會(huì)得冠軍if Jack had scored that goal,如果杰克踢進(jìn)了那個(gè)球，if we'd had just a few more minutes,如果我們還有幾分鐘，if we had trained harder,如果我們訓(xùn)練的更嚴(yán)格，if Ben had p

38、assed the ball to Joe,如果本把球傳給了喬，if we'd had thousands of fans screaming,如果有大批球迷助威，if I hadn't taken my eye off the ball,如果我死死盯住球，if we hadn't stayed up so late the night before,如果我們頭晚不熬夜，if we hadn't taken it easy,如果我們沒(méi)有放松警惕，if we hadn't run out of energy.如果我們沒(méi)有精疲力竭，We would have

39、 won .我們本來(lái)是會(huì)的冠軍的if we'd been better!如果我們能干的更好！ Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.另外一種學(xué)生容易寫(xiě)的簡(jiǎn)體詩(shī)是由五行組成的，叫做五行詩(shī)。 With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words. 用五行詩(shī)，學(xué)生可以用少量的詞語(yǔ)傳遞一幅動(dòng)人的畫(huà)面。Look at the examples

40、(D and E) on the top of the next page.請(qǐng)看下一頁(yè)上端的D和E兩個(gè)例子。（D）Brother兄弟Beautiful, athletic愛(ài)美，又愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)Teasing, shouting, laughing愛(ài)鬧，愛(ài)叫，又愛(ài)笑Friend and enemy too是我的朋友Mine也是我的敵人（E）Summer夏天Sleepy, salty困乏，咸澀Drying, drooping, dreading干涸，枯萎，恐怖Week in, week out周而復(fù)始Endless永無(wú)止境Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is

41、 made up of 17 syllables.俳句詩(shī)（Haiku）是一種日本詩(shī)，由17個(gè)音節(jié)組成。It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers.它不屬于英詩(shī)的傳統(tǒng)形式，但是在用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的人們中間，這種詩(shī)也是很流行的。It is easy to write and, like the cinquain , can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of word

42、s.它容易寫(xiě)，而且像五行詩(shī)一樣，它可以用最少的詞語(yǔ)呈現(xiàn)出一幅清晰的畫(huà)面，表達(dá)出一種特殊的感情。The two haiku poems (F and G) above are translations from the Japanese.下面兩首俳句詩(shī)（右邊的F和G）就是從日文翻譯過(guò)來(lái)的。（F）A fallen blossom落下的花朵Is coming back to the branch.回到了樹(shù)枝上。Look, a butterfly!瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！( by Moritake)（作者：Moritake）（G）Snow having melted,雪兒融化了，The whole villa

43、ge is brimful整個(gè)村莊充滿著Of happy children.歡樂(lè)的兒童。(by Issa)（作者：Issa）Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry - Tang poems from China in particular?你知道嗎？說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人也喜歡其他類型的亞洲詩(shī)，尤其是中國(guó)的唐詩(shī)，A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English.許多唐詩(shī)已經(jīng)被翻譯成英文了。This Tang poem (H) is a tra

44、nslation from the Chinese.下面這首唐詩(shī)（H）就是從中文翻譯過(guò)來(lái)的。（H）Where she awaits her husband望夫石(by Wang Jian)王健On and on the river flows.望夫處，江悠悠。Never looking back,Transformed into stone.化為石，不回頭。Day by day upon the mountain top,wind and rain revolve.山頭日日風(fēng)復(fù)雨，Should the traveller return,this stone would utter speech

45、.行人歸來(lái)石應(yīng)語(yǔ)。With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.有了這么多可供選擇的詩(shī)歌類型，學(xué)生們最終也許想自己作詩(shī)了。It is easier than you might think and certainly worth a try!寫(xiě)詩(shī)比你想象的要容易，絕對(duì)值得一試。4.選修六Unit 2 I'VE SAVED THE SUMMER我把夏天省下來(lái)(by Rod McKuen)羅德·麥丘恩（R

46、od McKuen）I've saved the summer 我把夏天省下，And I give it all to you全都交給你。To hold on winter mornings當(dāng)雪花兒初降時(shí)，When the snow is new.讓冬天的早晨停住。I've saved some sunlight我把陽(yáng)光省下，If you should ever need以供你不時(shí)之需。A place away from darkness 在那遠(yuǎn)離黑暗的地方，Where your mind can feed.你的心靈會(huì)得到滋養(yǎng)。And for myself I've k

47、ept your smile When you were but nineteen, 那年你才十九歲，我就珍藏了你的微笑。Till you're older you'll not know等你長(zhǎng)大成人以后，What brave young smiles can mean.才知道年輕勇敢的微笑的奧秘。I know no answers 我不知道有什么辦法，To help you on your way幫你踏上你人生的旅程。The answers lie somewhere答案也許就在某處：At the bottom of the day.在白天結(jié)束的那個(gè)時(shí)辰。But if you

48、've a need for love但是如果你需要愛(ài)，I'll give you all l own我會(huì)獻(xiàn)上我所有的愛(ài)。It might help you down the road它也許能幫你踏上旅程，Till you've found your own.直到你也找到屬于你的愛(ài)。5.選修六Unit3 ADVICE FROM GRANDAD爺爺?shù)闹腋鍰ear James, 親愛(ài)的詹姆士：It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. 今天這

49、兒的天氣很好?，F(xiàn)在我正坐在花園盡頭的那棵大樹(shù)底下呢。 I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle. 我剛剛才回來(lái)，騎自行車跑了很長(zhǎng)一段路，一直到了古城堡。It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. 感到驚奇吧，像我這樣的年紀(jì)，身體健康而且能在一個(gè)下午騎車跑20公里。It's my birthday in two weeks time and I'll be 82

50、 years old! 再過(guò)兩個(gè)禮拜就是我82歲的生日了！ I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之所以長(zhǎng)壽而且精力充沛，要?dú)w功于我的健康生活。This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. 這就是我寫(xiě)信給你的真正原因，我親愛(ài)的孫子。Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding

51、it difficult to give it up. 你媽媽告訴我，你不久前開(kāi)始吸煙了，而且現(xiàn)在很難把它戒掉。 Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. 相信我吧，我知道，吸煙容易戒煙難。 You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. 你知道，當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)十幾歲的孩子的時(shí)候，我也吸過(guò)煙，而且還上了癮。By the way, did you know that this

52、is because you become addicted in three different ways? 這兒我想順便問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題，你知道上癮有三個(gè)方面的原因嗎？ First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. 首先，你會(huì)在身體上對(duì)尼古丁有癮，它是香煙里幾百種化學(xué)物質(zhì)之一。 This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having ni

53、cotine in it. 這句是說(shuō)，過(guò)一段時(shí)間以后，你的身體習(xí)慣了香煙里的尼古丁， So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. 一旦你的體內(nèi)沒(méi)有這種麻醉劑了，你就會(huì)有斷癮癥狀， I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain. 我記得曾感到煩躁、甚至痛苦。Secondly, you become addicted through habit. 其次你也可能因?yàn)榱?xí)慣的原因而上癮。As you know, if you do the same

54、thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 你知道，如果你反反復(fù)復(fù)地做同一件事情，你就會(huì)自動(dòng)地做它。Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. 最后，你可以心理上癮。 I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. 我那時(shí)認(rèn)為，抽了一支煙后就會(huì)感到更輕松愉快，于是我就

55、以為抽煙才能使自己感覺(jué)良好。 I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. 我之所以上癮就有著這三個(gè)方面的原因，因此，要戒煙就很難。But I did finally manage.但是我終于還是戒掉了。When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking. 在我年輕的時(shí)候，關(guān)于吸煙的危害性我知道的并不多。 I didn't know, for example, that it could do

56、terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. 例如，我不知道抽煙能嚴(yán)重侵害人的心臟和肺部，也不知道吸煙的夫婦生育能力會(huì)下降。 I certainly didn't know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way. 我當(dāng)然不知道他們的嬰兒在出生時(shí)可能體重較輕或某些方面不正常。Neither did I

57、know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers. 我更不知道，我自己吸煙還會(huì)損害那些不吸煙人的健康。However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. 然而我的的確確知道，我的女朋友覺(jué)得我的煙味很難聞。 She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow. 她說(shuō)我的呼吸、我的衣服都有味道

58、，而且我的手指頭都變黃了。 She told me that she wouldn't go out with me again unless I stopped! 她說(shuō)在我把煙戒掉之前不會(huì)跟我一起出去。I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasn't enjoying sport as much. 我還注意到我的呼吸變得急促，并且使我不那么喜愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)了。 When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I kn

59、ew it was time to quit smoking. 而由于我身體不健康被校足球隊(duì)除名之后，我才知道該是我戒煙的時(shí)候了。I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet. 我把我從網(wǎng)上找到的一些忠告寄給你，也許對(duì)你戒煙和堅(jiān)定決心會(huì)有所幫助。It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的確希望你把煙戒掉，因?yàn)槲蚁Ｍ隳芟裎疫@樣活得健康長(zhǎng)壽。Love fromGrandad愛(ài)你的爺爺How can you stop smoking?你怎樣才能戒煙呢？ It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you.戒煙不容易，但許許多多的人都成功