SessionEnvironmentalProtectionPPT課件

1、Points for Discussion Major environmental problems confronting human beings Possible Solutions to these problems International cooperation NT Exercises第1頁/共24頁Major environmental problems confronting human beings1.Global warming/Greenhouse effect2.Depletion of the ozone layer3.Soil erosion4.Desertif

2、ication5.Air pollution6.Water crisis7.Loss of bio-diversity and accelerating extinction of species8.Acid rain9.Increase of garbage10. Contamination caused by hazardous chemicals. 第2頁/共24頁P(yáng)ossible Solutions? Use of renewable energy instead of fossil fuel, such as solar power(太陽能) wind power(風(fēng)能) bioma

3、ss power(生物質(zhì)能) geothermal power (地?zé)崮? tidal and wave power(海洋能) hydropower(水能) Cap-and-trade第3頁/共24頁P(yáng)ossible Solutions Afforestation and water conservation 第4頁/共24頁P(yáng)ossible Solutions Waste water treatment 第5頁/共24頁P(yáng)ossible Solutions Proper disposal and treatment of garbage source reduction first,recy

4、cling and composting second,disposal in landfills or waste combustors last第6頁/共24頁International Cooperation United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC ) 聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約 Kyoto Protocol 京都議定書 Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer 關(guān)于消耗臭氧層物質(zhì)的蒙特利爾議定書第7頁/共24頁The 2009

5、United Nations Climate Change ConferenceOr commonly known as the Copenhagen Summit, was held in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 7 December and 18 December. 第8頁/共24頁The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference The Accord, drafted by, on the one hand, the United States and on the other, in a united

6、position as the BASIC countries, China, India, South Africa and Brazil, is not legally binding and does not commit countries to agree to a binding successor to the Kyoto Protocol, whose present round ends in 2012.第9頁/共24頁Listing of Proposed Actions第10頁/共24頁Main Geographic Features of China第11頁/共24頁E

7、nvironmental IssuesSoil problems and river cessationWater pollutionAir pollutionCarbon emissions & global warmingThe Xinhua News Agency has quoted an environmental official, Wang Jinnan, as saying that more than 410,000 Chinese die as a result of pollution each year Since 2002, the number of com

8、plaints to the environmental authorities has increased by 30% every year; while the number of mass protests caused by environmental issues has grown by 29% every year. 第12頁/共24頁I. Soil Problems & River Cessation Approximately 30% of Chinas surface area is desert. Chinas rapid industrialization c

9、ould cause this area to drastically increase. The Gobi Desert in the north currently expands by about 950 square miles (2,500 km2) per year.Tu: Soil第13頁/共24頁I. Soil Problems & River Cessation In the past 50 years, exploitation in the form of dams and other irrigation infrastructure have all but

10、halted the rivers natural course, threatening to dry up the entire river valley. The cessation of river flows, or flow stoppages, has surged since the 1980s due to increased water usage and waste. In 1997, the lower Yellow River did not flow 230 days out of the year, an increase of over 2000% since

11、1988. Shui: River第14頁/共24頁第15頁/共24頁II. Water Pollution Approximately 300 million nationwide have no access to clean water. Over 700 million Chinese drink fetid water below World Health Organization standards. Almost 90% of underground water in cities are affected by pollution 80% of Chinas rivers fa

12、il to meet standards for fishing. 90% of urban water bodies are severely polluted. Shui: Water第16頁/共24頁第17頁/共24頁III. Air Pollution According to Chinas own evaluation, 2/3 of the 338 cities for which air-quality data are available are considered polluted. Acid rain falls on 30% of the country. Respir

13、atory & heart diseases related to air pollution are the leading cause of death in China. About 750,000 people die prematurely each year from respiratory problems in China (WHO).Kong Qi: Air第18頁/共24頁第19頁/共24頁第20頁/共24頁IV. Carbon Emissions & Global Warming On June 19, 2007, the Netherlands Envi

14、ronmental Assessment Agency announced, on the basis of an analysis of fossil fuel consumption (including especially the coal power plants) and cement production data, that China surpassed the United States as the worlds largest emitter of carbon dioxide, putting out 6,200 million tons, in comparison with