非謂語動(dòng)詞與從句

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞相關(guān)從句1. 非謂語動(dòng)詞概述：2. 非謂語動(dòng)詞與名詞性從句3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞與定語從句4. 非謂語動(dòng)詞與狀語從句There are some people insisting that they shouldn ' t learn English.一、 非謂語動(dòng)詞概述： 動(dòng)名詞 Ving ；現(xiàn)在 分詞 Ving; 過去分詞 ved; to do 不定式1. 分詞短語從本質(zhì)上而言：是由動(dòng)詞派生 而 來的形容詞。女口，a sleeping baby, a used car, a frightening experience, a frightened child, etc.A ba

2、by who is sleeping.A car which is used2. ving 形式由動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式派生而來； 表示主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 Ved 形式 由動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式派生而來：表 示被動(dòng)的動(dòng) 作或已完成的動(dòng)作The fallen leavesThe falling leavesThe custom fascinates me.The fascinating custom has been the subject of many books.The baby will sleep until eight.Try not to wake a sleeping baby.Some

3、 movies are rated X.Children shouldn ' t see X-rated movies.My leg was broken in three places.My broken leg is healing slowly.The sinking ship= the ship that was sinkingThe sunken ship=the ship that has sunken.Falling leaves=Fallen leaves=3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)：表示分詞的動(dòng)作 發(fā) 生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前。 Having doneThe stude

4、nts had solved most of the problems without any help.Having solved most of the problems without any help, the students were exhilarated.After they have solved most of the problems without ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? .4. 動(dòng) 名詞 Ving ；既有動(dòng)詞的特征，可以 帶賓 語，也有名詞的特征可以充當(dāng)句子的 主語，賓語，定語，補(bǔ)語。They are considering buying the ho

5、use before the prices go up.Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of your emotions.A sleeping car; a swimming pool; a reading room.A sleeping boy; a swimming woman; a reading student5. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)： 這種結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中 作 主語或賓語。Tom ' s coming home at last was a great consolation.Do you mi

6、nd my making a suggestion?Mary insisted on my reading the letter.6. 動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式和完成式I still remember being taken to the zoo for the first time.I remember my parent ' s taking me to the zoofor the first time.I appreciate having been given the opportunityto study abroad two years ago.7. to do 不定式To err

7、 is human; to forgive, divine.I hope to see you again.I think it hard to answer the questionin a word.I have a letter to write. 二、非謂語動(dòng)詞與各分 句1. 動(dòng)名詞、不定式與名詞從句：由陳述句 變 來的，即由 that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句一般 轉(zhuǎn)化 成動(dòng)名詞來表達(dá)， 通常采用動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合 結(jié)構(gòu) 的形式。 由疑問句變來的， 即由 whether 或 what 等引導(dǎo)的名詞從句一般簡化為不定 式。主語從句That John won the marathon surprised

8、 us. John ' s winning the marathon surprised us.That he lost the game came as a surprise to everybody.His losing the game came as s surprise to everybody.同位語從句There was no chance that Davy would come from the battle alive.There was no chance of Davy coming from the battle alive.We were greatly e

9、ncouraged by the news that China had launched another man-made satellite. We were greatly encouraged by China' slaunching another man-made satellite. 賓語從句 看從句的動(dòng)詞 I consider that I will emigrate to America in the future.I consider emigrating to America in the future. Jane' s mother insisted t

10、hat she should go swimming with her brother.Jane' s mother insisted on her going swimming with her brother.I hope that I can drive to work in my own car.I hope to drive to work in my own car.She can' t decide whether she should go with him or stay home.She can' t decide whether to go wit

11、h him or stay home.I don ' t know what I should do.I don ' t know what to do.Please tell me how I can get to the bus station.2、與定語從句只有當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語從句 中 作主語時(shí)， 才能把定語從句簡化為短語 The people who were responsible for the incident were all punished.The girl who was standing in the corner The girl who is stan

12、ding in the cornerThe girl who stood in the cornerThe girl who stands in the corner 都可簡化為： the girl standing in the corner. 所以簡化后的表 達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確。 一般說來， 被 the only, the last, the next 序數(shù)詞和最高級(jí)形容詞修飾的名詞， 其 后所 接的定語從句往往用不定式來替換。 You are the only one that can understand me.You are the only one to understand me.The

13、next train that arrives is from NewYork.The next train to arrive is from NY.Clint was the second person that fell into thistrap.3、與狀語從句1. 狀語從句與分詞：特點(diǎn)主句與從句主語必須一致才可以簡化。 如果不一致可以用 獨(dú) 立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來簡化。A tighter can ' t be tamed unless it is caught very young.A tighter can ' t be tamed unless caught. After

14、I finished my home work, I fed the dog.Having finished my home work,? .After finish my home work,? .While the teacher was lecturing to the class, I fell asleep. 用獨(dú)立主格簡化While the teacher being lecturing to the class, Ifell asleep.2. 狀語從句與不定式：能夠簡化為不定式 的 狀語從句一般只有目的狀語從句。 在英語 中 作目的狀語幾乎成了不定式的專屬功能。I turned off the TV i