北京大學(xué)出版社大學(xué)英語(yǔ)1Unit7Keywordsandphrases

1、Unit 7 The Man Who Married HimselfKey words and phrasestempt【釋義】1. V-T Something that tempts you attracts you and makes you want it, even though it may be wrong or harmful. 引誘; 吸引2. V-T If you tempt someone, you offer them something they want in order to encourage them to do what you want them to do

2、. 誘使，鼓動(dòng)，慫恿 tempt sb into sth/doing sth 【例句】1. It is the fresh fruit that tempts me at this time of year.2. Don't let credit tempt you to buy something you can't afford. 3. Nothing would tempt me to join the army. 4. The warm weather tempted us into going for a swim. 【派生】temptation n.(1) 勸誘，誘

3、惑，引誘Will they be able to resist the temptation to buy?他們能抵抗得住購(gòu)買(mǎi)的誘惑嗎？Yield/give way to temptation 經(jīng)不住誘惑(2) 有誘惑力或吸引力的東西The bag of sweets on the table was too strong a temptation for the children to resist. 桌上那包糖果對(duì)于孩子們而言是難以抗拒的誘惑。 Clever advertisements are just temptations to spend money. 巧妙的廣告誘使人花錢(qián)。con

4、cede1. V. If you concede something, you admit, often unwillingly, that it is true or correct. (不情愿地）承認(rèn)Bess finally conceded that Nancy was right.貝絲最終承認(rèn)南希是對(duì)的。2. V. If you concede something to someone, you allow them to have it as a right or privilege. 給與（權(quán)利或者特權(quán)）; 容許；讓步：They conceded some of their lan

5、d to the enemy.他們把一部分領(lǐng)土割讓給敵人。3. V If you concede a game, contest, or argument, you end it by admitting that you can no longer win. （通過(guò)認(rèn)輸而）使（比賽，競(jìng)賽，爭(zhēng)論）結(jié)束; 承認(rèn)失敗，認(rèn)輸；放棄希望：He conceded the election to his opponents.他承認(rèn)他在競(jìng)選中輸給對(duì)手。fateful /fetfl/ ADJ If an action or a time when something happened is described

6、 as fateful, it is considered to have an important, and often very bad, effect on future events. 有重大影響的 (尤指產(chǎn)生負(fù)面結(jié)果的)It was a fateful decision, one which was to break the Government.那是一項(xiàng)重大的決定，一個(gè)將使政府垮臺(tái)的決定。neglect 【釋義】1. V If you neglect someone or something, you fail to look after them properly. 疏于照管 2

7、. V If you neglect someone or something, you fail to give them the amount of attention that they deserve. 忽視3. V If you neglect to do something that you ought to do or neglect your duty, you fail to do it. 疏忽4. N neglecting or being neglected 疏忽，忽略，疏漏【例句】1. The woman denied that she had neglected he

8、r child.2. Feed plants and they grow, neglect them and they suffer.3. He'd given too much to his career, worked long hours, neglected her.4. She was severely criticized for neglect of duty.【翻譯】1. 那位婦女否認(rèn)疏于照管她的孩子。2. 給植物施肥，它們就生長(zhǎng)；疏于照管，它們就遭殃。3. 他在事業(yè)上投入太多了，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作，冷落了她。4. 她因?yàn)橥婧雎毷囟艿絿?yán)厲的批評(píng)?！敬钆洹縩eglect on

9、e's studies 忽視自己的學(xué)習(xí)neglect one's children 忽視自己的孩子neglect one's health 忽視自己的健康neglect one's duty 玩忽職守government neglect政府失職 【辨析】 neglect, ignore 都表示忽視、忽略或者沒(méi)有給與關(guān)注的意思。neglect: 后可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，也可接不定式。后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞，表示“沒(méi)有給與足夠的關(guān)注”；后接不定式表示“忘記，或者由于粗心和不細(xì)心沒(méi)有能夠做成某件事”。不及物，及物動(dòng)詞皆可。例如： He has neglected reading

10、. 他忽視了閱讀。He neglected to wind the clock. 他忘了上鬧鐘了。ignore: “假裝不知”、“故意不理”的意思，后接名詞，為及物動(dòng)詞。She saw him coming but she ignored him. 她看見(jiàn)他走來(lái)，假裝不知道。She got very angry when her friends ignored her. 當(dāng)她朋友不理她時(shí)，她非常生氣。convince【釋義】4. V-T If someone or something convinces you to do something, they persuade you to do

11、it. 說(shuō)服5. V-T If someone or something convinces you of something, they make you believe that it is true or that it exists. 使信服【例句】That weekend in Plattsburgh, he convinced her to go ahead and marry Bud.Although I soon convinced him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.

12、【翻譯】在普拉茨堡的那個(gè)周末，他說(shuō)服了她嫁給巴德。盡管我很快就使他相信我是清白的，但是他還是非常懷疑我精神是否正常?！敬钆洹縞onvince sb to do sth 說(shuō)服某人做某事convince sb of sth 說(shuō)服某人相信某事【辨析】convince vs. persuade vs. assurepersuade 指通過(guò)情感、意愿等辦法，試圖產(chǎn)生所希望的行為。結(jié)果不一定是肯定的。 例：Nothing would persuade him.他根本不聽(tīng)勸. convince 使某人相信或確信，結(jié)果是肯定的 例：She was convinced of his honesty. 她堅(jiān)信他的

13、誠(chéng)實(shí)assure 指通過(guò)向別人保證而得到確信例：I want to assure you that nothing will go wrong tomorrow.【派生】establish【釋義】1. V-T If someone establishes something such as an organization, a type of activity, or a set of rules, they create it or introduce it in such a way that it is likely to last for a long time. 建立; 確立2. V

14、-RECIP If you establish contact with someone, you start to have contact with them. You can also say that two people, groups, or countries establish contact. 建立 (聯(lián)系) 正式3. V-T If you establish that something is true, you discover facts that show that it is definitely true. 證實(shí) 正式4. V-T If you establish

15、 yourself, your reputation, or a good quality that you have, you succeed in doing something, and achieve respect or a secure position as a result of this. 確立 (地位)【例句】The UN has established detailed criteria for who should be allowed to vote.We had already established contact with the museum.Medical

16、tests established that she was not their own child.He has established himself as a pivotal figure in state politics.They did manage to establish a kingdom in the land that was known in antiquity as Canaan around the year 1000.【翻譯】聯(lián)合國(guó)就誰(shuí)應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許投票確立了詳細(xì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。我們已經(jīng)與那個(gè)博物館建立了聯(lián)系。醫(yī)學(xué)檢測(cè)證實(shí)她不是他們的親生孩子。他作為國(guó)家政治中的一位軸心人物的地

17、位已經(jīng)確立。約公元前1000年時(shí)他們確實(shí)在那片叫迦南的土地上，建立了一個(gè)自己的王國(guó)?！敬钆洹縠stablish a business 創(chuàng)業(yè)；設(shè)立商店establish connections 要建立連結(jié)關(guān)系establish contact 接通；建立聯(lián)系establish credibility 樹(shù)立威信【辨析】literally /ltrl/ CET4 1.ADV You use literally to emphasize that what you are saying is true, even though it seems exaggerated or surprising. 確

18、實(shí)地(強(qiáng)調(diào))Putting on an opera is a tremendous enterprise involving literally hundreds of people.上演一臺(tái)話(huà)劇是一項(xiàng)巨大的事業(yè)，它確實(shí)要幾百個(gè)人參與。2. ADV If a word or expression is translated literally, its most simple or basic meaning is translated. 字面上地The word "volk" translates literally as "folk."“”這個(gè)詞照字

19、面意思翻譯為“”。allege【釋義】V-T If you allege that something bad is true, you say it but do not prove it. 指稱(chēng) (但還未被證實(shí))；(獨(dú)斷地)宣稱(chēng)，聲稱(chēng)；(尤指無(wú)根據(jù)地)斷言【例句】1. She alleged that there was rampant drug use among the male members of the group. 2. The accused is alleged to have killed a man. 【翻譯】1. 她指稱(chēng)該組織中有大量的男性成員吸毒。2. 該被告據(jù)稱(chēng)殺

20、了一個(gè)男子?！九缮縜dj. alleged 所謂的；聲稱(chēng)的；被斷言的 adv. allegedly 指稱(chēng)地 n. allegation 主張，斷言；辯解 alleged 【釋義】ADJ An alleged fact has been stated but has not been proved to be true. 指稱(chēng)的 正式 ；所謂的；聲稱(chēng)的【例句】They have begun a hunger strike in protest at the alleged beating.His van allegedly struck the two as they were crossin

21、g a street. 【翻譯】他們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了絕食以抗議所指稱(chēng)的打人事件。據(jù)稱(chēng)，他的貨車(chē)在這兩個(gè)人過(guò)馬路時(shí)撞上了他們?！敬钆洹縜lleged thief 被指稱(chēng)為竊賊的人 alleged Affair 所謂外遇 yell【釋義】V1. If you yell, you shout loudly, usually because you are excited, angry, or in pain. (因興奮、生氣或痛苦) 大聲叫喊 N-COUNT 2. A yell is a loud shout given by someone who is afraid or in pain. (恐懼或痛

22、苦中的人發(fā)出的) 大聲叫喊 【例句】1. I'm sorry I yelled at you last night. 2. Something brushed past Bob's face and he let out a yell.【翻譯】1. 很抱歉我昨晚對(duì)你大喊大叫了。2. 什么東西擦過(guò)了鮑勃的臉，他發(fā)出了一聲大叫。【搭配】yell out. 大聲叫，呼喊yell at 對(duì).吼叫 When the sergeant yelled out my number, I had to rush forward.中士一喊出我的號(hào)，我就得立刻沖出去。stifle /stafl/ C

23、ET6【釋義】1.V-T If someone stifles something , they prevent it from continuing. 壓制2.V-T If you stifle a yawn or laugh, you prevent yourself from yawning or laughing. 忍住 (呵欠或笑聲)3.V-T If you stifle your natural feelings or behaviour, you prevent yourself from having those feelings or behaving in that way

24、. 控制 (感情或行為)【例句】Regulations on children stifled creativity.She makes no attempt to stifle a yawn.It is best to stifle curiosity and leave birds' nests alone.【翻譯】對(duì)孩子們制定的各種規(guī)定壓制了創(chuàng)造力。她并未試圖忍住一個(gè)哈欠。最好忍住好奇心，別碰鳥(niǎo)巢。intrusion【釋義】1. N-VAR If someone disturbs you when you are in a private place or having a pr

25、ivate conversation, you can call this event an intrusion. 打擾 2. N-VAR An intrusion is something that disturbs your mood or your life in a way you do not like. 侵?jǐn)_ 【例句】 1. I hope you don't mind this intrusion, Jon. 2. I felt it was a grotesque intrusion into our lives. 【翻譯】1. 喬恩，我希望你不會(huì)介意這次打擾。2. 我覺(jué)

26、得它對(duì)我們的生活是一種莫名其妙的侵?jǐn)_?！敬钆洹縄ntrusion alarm 安全 入侵報(bào)警器 ; 安全 防竊報(bào)警器 Intrusion Prevention 入侵防護(hù) ; 入侵預(yù)防 ; 入侵防御 ; 侵入防御 Website Intrusion 網(wǎng)站入侵 intrude【釋義】1. V-I If you say that someone is intruding into a particular place or situation, you mean that they are not wanted or welcome there. 侵?jǐn)_ 2. V-I If something int

27、rudes on your mood or your life, it disturbs it or has an unwanted effect on it. 擾亂 3. V-I If someone intrudes into a place, they go there even though they are not allowed to be there. 侵入 【例句】1. The press has been blamed for intruding into people's personal lives in an unacceptable way. 2. Do yo

28、u feel anxious when unforeseen incidents intrude on your day? 3. An American officer on the scene said no one had intruded into the space he was defending. 【翻譯】1. 新聞媒體因以一種令人無(wú)法接受的方式侵入人們的私生活而受到譴責(zé)。2. 當(dāng)無(wú)可預(yù)料的事件侵?jǐn)_到你的生活時(shí)，你會(huì)感到焦慮嗎？3. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的一名美國(guó)軍官說(shuō)還沒(méi)有人闖入過(guò)他所防衛(wèi)的區(qū)域【搭配】to intrude on somebody 打擾；侵?jǐn)_；闖進(jìn)：intrude into 闖進(jìn)

29、 intrude upon 闖入 【派生】adj. intrusive 侵入的；打擾的 n. intrusion 侵入；闖入 intruder 侵入者；干擾者；妨礙者 intrusiveness 干涉性；侵?jǐn)_性；侵入性 cash in on美國(guó)英語(yǔ)1. 從獲利，靠賺錢(qián)：She cashed in on her real-estate investments.她在房地產(chǎn)的投資上賺了錢(qián)。2. 利用，乘機(jī)利用；得到有利的運(yùn)用：The movie star cashed in on his sudden popularity and signed up for several TV plays.這位影

30、星利用他的突然走紅，簽訂了幾部電視劇的合同。offensive【釋義】1. ADJ Something that is offensive upsets or embarrasses people because it is rude or insulting. 冒犯性的 2. N-COUNT A military offensive is a carefully planned attack made by a large group of soldiers. (軍事) 進(jìn)攻 3. PHRASE If you go on the offensive, or take the offensiv

31、e, you begin to take strong action against people who have been attacking you. 采取攻勢(shì) 【例句】1. Some friends of his found the play horribly offensive. 2. Its latest military offensive against rebel forces is aimed at re-opening important trade routes. 3. The West African forces went on the offensive in r

32、esponse to attacks on them. 【翻譯】1. 他的一些朋友覺(jué)得那部戲讓人很不舒服。2. 其最近對(duì)叛軍的軍事進(jìn)攻旨在重新開(kāi)辟重要的貿(mào)易路線(xiàn)。3. 西非武裝力量發(fā)起進(jìn)攻以回應(yīng)襲擊?！九缮吭~根： offend adj. offending 不愉快的；厭惡的 adv. offensively 冒犯地；討厭地 n. offence 犯罪；違反；過(guò)錯(cuò)；攻擊offense 犯罪，過(guò)錯(cuò)；進(jìn)攻；觸怒；引起反感的事物 offender 罪犯；冒犯者；違法者 vt. offend 冒犯；使不愉快 conceit v.【釋義】 U (disapproving) too much pride

33、in yourself and what you do 自負(fù)；驕傲自大 【例句】 Reyes emits confidence without conceit.羅伊斯表現(xiàn)出自信但不自負(fù)。full of conceit 自高自大，十分自負(fù)【派生】conceited /knsi:td/ adj. (disapproving) having too much pride in yourself and what you do 自負(fù)的；驕傲自大的： a very conceited person 極其自命不凡的人 It's very conceited of you to assume tha

34、t your work is always the best.你認(rèn)為你的工作總是最好的，真是太自大了。 crave kreivvt.1. 渴望，迫切希望：The thirsty man craved water.這個(gè)口渴的人迫切希望得到水喝。2. 要求；需要：The wound craved attention.傷口需要護(hù)理。3.懇求，請(qǐng)求：He craved the teacher's pardon.他懇求老師原諒他。vi.1.渴望得到，熱望(常與for，after連用)：The tired old man craved for rest.疲倦的老人渴望得到休息。2.懇求，請(qǐng)求(常與

35、for 連用)：He knelt before the king and craved for mercy.他跪在國(guó)王面前乞求寬恕。split up1. PHRASAL VERB If two people split up, or if someone or something splits them up, they end their relationship or marriage. 使 (兩人) 分手; (兩人) 分手Research suggests that children whose parents split up are more likely to drop out o

36、f high school.研究顯示父母離異的孩子更有可能在中學(xué)輟學(xué)。I was beginning to think that nothing could ever split us up.我漸漸開(kāi)始以為沒(méi)有什么事情能把我們分開(kāi)。2. PHRASAL VERB If a group of people split up or are split up, they go away in different directions. 使朝不同方向去; 朝不同方向去Did the two of you split up in the woods?你們倆在樹(shù)林里分的道嗎？This situation

37、has split up the family.此事使這個(gè)家庭的成員分道揚(yáng)鑣了。3. PHRASAL VERB If you split something up, or if it splits up, you divide it so that it is in a number of smaller separate sections. 使 (物) 分開(kāi); (物) 分開(kāi)Any thought of splitting up the company was unthinkable, they said.他們說(shuō)，任何分裂該公司的想法都是不可思議的。Even though museums ha

38、ve begged to borrow her collection, she could never split it up.盡管各博物館已懇求過(guò)借用她的收藏品，她永遠(yuǎn)都不能把藏品分開(kāi)。 file for1. 法律上提出(離婚等)：The actor's wife has filed for divorce again.這名演員的妻子又按法律手續(xù)提出了離婚。2. 美國(guó)英語(yǔ)申請(qǐng)；報(bào)名參加競(jìng)選：How many people have filed for this office?有多少人競(jìng)選這個(gè)職務(wù)?justify (justifies, justifying, justified, j

39、ustified)【釋義】1) to show that sb/sth is right or reasonable 證明正確（或正當(dāng)、有理） 2) to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth 對(duì)作出解釋?zhuān)粸檗q解（或辯護(hù)）同義詞 defend 【例句】 How can they justify paying such huge salaries? Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her. The Prime Minister has b

40、een asked to justify the decision to Parliament. You don't need to justify yourself to me. 【翻譯】他們?cè)跄茏C明付這么大筆薪金是正當(dāng)?shù)哪兀?她的成功證明了老師對(duì)她的信任是正確的。要求首相就這一決定向議會(huì)作出解釋。 你不必向我解釋你的理由?！敬钆洹?justify doing sth justify sth/yourself (to sb) 【派生】Adj. justified /dstfad/ 1 justified (in doing sth) having a good reason for

41、doing sth （做某事）有正當(dāng)理由的： She felt fully justified in asking for her money back. 她認(rèn)為有充分的理由要求退款。2 existing or done for a good reason 事出有因；合乎情理： His fears proved justified. 他之所以害怕，證明是有原因的。 N. justification /dstfken/ justification (for sth/doing sth) a good reason why sth exists or is done 正當(dāng)理由： I can see

42、 no possible justification for any further tax increases. 我看不出還能提出什么理由來(lái)加稅了。 He was getting angryand with some justification. 他生氣了 而且不是沒(méi)有道理的。 in justification (of sb/sth) as an explanation of why sth exists or why sb has done sth 作為（對(duì)）的解釋?zhuān)ɑ蜣q護(hù)）： All I can say in justification of her actions is that sh

43、e was under a lot of pressure at work. 我唯一能為她的行為辯解的理由是她工作壓力很大。other than1.與不同，非2.除了Their motivation is other than me. 他們的動(dòng)機(jī)不同于我的。How, if at all, other than writing to you anonymously, should we deal with this situation? 可是現(xiàn)在，除了匿名給你寫(xiě)信，我們還有什么辦法來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況呢？I volunteer because I love my city and I need to

44、give back something to it other than tax dollars. 我去做志愿者是因?yàn)槲覠釔?ài)我的城市，除了交稅我還需要償還它一些其他的東西。suppose【釋義】1. V You can use suppose or supposing before mentioning a possible situation or action. You usually then go on to consider the effects that this situation or action might have. 假設(shè)2. V If you suppose that something is true, you believe that it is probably true, because of other things that you know. （根據(jù)所知）料想；