英語畢業(yè)論文之分析《傲慢與偏見》中的一個(gè)次要人物——貝內(nèi)特太太的代表性

1、 分析傲慢與偏見中的 一個(gè)次要人物 貝內(nèi)特太太的代表性學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué)生學(xué)號： 院（系）： 年級專業(yè)： 指導(dǎo)教師： An Analysis of a Minor CharacterMrs. Bennets Representativeness in Pride and Prejudice ContentsAbstract. IKey Words.I摘要.II關(guān)鍵詞.IIIntroduction.1I. The Character of Mrs. Bennet in the Novel.3A. Mean Understanding.4 B. Little Information.5 C. Unce

2、rtain Temper.6.The Representativeness of Mrs. Bennets Images.8A. The Image as a Woman.9B. The Image as a Wife.10C. The Image as a Mother.10III. How Does the Character Take Shape? .12A. Her Character Is Decided by Her Education.13B. Her Character Is Shaped by Her Living Environment.14C. Her Character

3、 Is Related to the Social Background.14Conclusion.16Acknowledgements.17 Bibliography.18 AbstractThe theme of Pride and Prejudice is marriage and love. This essay is based on the analysis of a minor character in this novel and extends the topic to the real life. The characters in this novel are compl

4、etely mixed with reality, obeying the social rules; the plots of the story are depicted. This paper makes research on the representativeness of a minor character. Firstly, this paper probes into the minor characterMrs. Bennets characters. Secondly, this paper analyzes which aspects the representativ

5、eness embodies. Lastly, it will reveal the reasons that the character takes shape. Although she is a minor character, it has realistic meaning. She is typical and represents a kind of people in real life. The living environment and social background of these people decide their destiny and their cho

6、ice in life. Their life roles have been designed from the day when they were born. This paper examines Austens social background, and discovers the social environment. These have much effect on the forming of the characters in the novel. In that time, wealth is the decisive factor of marriage to the

7、 female. They understand the marriage as the chance of raising social status and ameliorating economy. The fortune and social status are the relative conditions that decide the person to marry. They try to save themselves in the way of marriage. Key WordsCharacters; representativeness; image 摘要傲慢與偏見

8、這部小說的主題是婚姻與愛情，本文即是從這點(diǎn)出發(fā)，立足于小說中的一個(gè)小人物而延展到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。小說當(dāng)中的人物全然融入社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，依循社會(huì)規(guī)則，譜出故事情節(jié)。本文研究了一個(gè)次要人物的代表性，先是探討了這個(gè)次要人物班內(nèi)特太太的性格特征，分析了她的代表性體現(xiàn)在哪些方面，以及這個(gè)小說人物形成的原因。她是一個(gè)小說人物，但她具有現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)意義，她具有典型性，是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中一類人的代表。這類人的生活環(huán)境、社會(huì)背景決定了他們的命運(yùn)，決定了他們的人生抉擇，人生的角色也從他們出生那天就已為他們設(shè)計(jì)好了。本文檢視奧斯汀的社會(huì)背景，探索社會(huì)環(huán)境，對小說人物性格形成的影響。在那個(gè)年代物質(zhì)環(huán)境為塑造女性婚姻意識的決定因素，他們明白

9、婚姻關(guān)系是階級提升與經(jīng)濟(jì)改善的機(jī)會(huì)，財(cái)力與社會(huì)地位為決定結(jié)婚對象的相關(guān)條件。他們因此試圖通過婚姻這條唯一的出路來改善。關(guān)鍵詞性格特點(diǎn)；代表性；形象 IntroductionThe American literature and art critic Edmond Wilson thinks that in the recent 100 years, there were some interest revolutions; the change of the taste of literature almost influenced all writers reputation, except

10、 Shakespeare and Jane Austen. It is surprised that Jane is so famous and admirable by so many people all the time. She is a great writer, especially a female writer. So far as Jane Austen is concerned, there are so many things to say about her and her works. Here are just some talks about Pride and

11、Prejudice. It is believed that many people know the world famous work Pride and Prejudice, one of the world famous female writers, Jane Austens work, which is her masterpiece. Pride and Prejudice is viewed as the first of the world ten leading fictions by the English fiction field. In Jane Austens a

12、ll life, she wrote six novels, namely Sense and Sensibility (1795), Pride and Prejudice (1796), Emma (1814), Northanger Abbey (1798), and Persuasion (1816), which were published in 1811,1813,1815 and in December 1817 respectively. We may say that Pride and Prejudice is her most famous novel, in whic

13、h the writer expresses her viewpoint on the relationship between love and marriage, that is: it is wrong to get married for fortune, money and status, while it is also foolish to be married without considering these factors. The writer embodies the girls from the middle- and upper- classes in countr

14、y area with different attitudes towards love and marriage, through the description of the five Bennet girls different choices. In this novel, it describes four couples marriages, Elizabeth and Darcy, Jane and Bingle, Miss Lucas and Mr. Collins, Lydia and Wickham. Two are main clues, and the others a

15、re subordinate. “Pride” stands for Darcy, whereas “prejudice” stands for Elizabeth. The title “Pride and Prejudice” also refers to the ways in which Elizabeth and Darcy first view each other. The original version of the novel was written in 1796-1797, under the title “First Impressions”, and was pro

16、bably in the form of an exchange of letters. There were much research on the author, the novel, and the background. Most were about the theme of the novel, such as the female sense, marriage viewpoints, womens social status. There was also research on analyzing the characters of the heroes or the he

17、roines. There was research on the writing styles and rhetoric too. However, there is almost no analysis of the minor character. The hero and heroine are very important in a novel. They express the idea of the author. The minor characters also have their own key function and typical meaning. We canno

18、t ignore them. In this paper, we make research about a minor character in Pride and Prejudice. It is Mrs. Bennet. Although she is not the heroine, readers may have deep impression on her. That is because of her characters. She is a key person and plays an important role in this novel. Her characters

19、 are typical. She represents a large quantity of people in her timesthe female of middle or upper class in the 18th or 19th in England. She is not alone. People in her like may be easily found in life. She is a representative figure in her times. What are her characters? Are these characters typical

20、 or not? How does she represent others? And what realistic implication can be dug out from this figure? I. The Character of Mrs. Bennet in the NovelA character, then, is presumably an imagined person who inhabits a story. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 68) This is a very simple definitio

21、n. We do not know the characters of the figure from the surface. If we want to learn the character, we may read the story. Then, we will discover the character is very interesting and vivid. The character comes from life, but implies much more than that in life. There is a more concrete concept. The

22、 term “character” involves both the imagined person and the specific features of personality of that person in fiction. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 69) From this, we can learn the character more. Mrs. Bennet is an imagined person with the specific features of personality in the fictio

23、n. Pride and Prejudice is a novel with a sense of comedy tone. There are no positive or negative characters in the strict meaning, except the swindler, Wickham. There are only rational or stupid persons basically. As for the stupid, the writer not only makes them expose themselves, but also uses com

24、ic ways to punish them by their stupidity. Mrs. Bennet belongs to the latter. We can use “stupid” to modify Mrs. Bennets features of personality. According to E.M.Foster, characters in fiction are either flat or round, depending upon how the writer sketches or sculptures them. A flat character gener

25、ally has only one ostensible trait of feature, or at most a few distinct marks. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 70) A round character, however, presents us with many facets and is generally drawn with sufficient complexity to be able to surprise the reader without losing credibility. (Yua

26、n Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 70) Undoubtedly, Mrs. Bennet is a flat character under Jane Austens pen. Her ostensible traits of feature or distinct marks are mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. The novelist uses of three distinct ways of “l(fā)earning” people, eachof t

27、hem natural to the experience of non-fictional life. The first isthe way in which we learn ourselves, partly by self-discovery and partly through enrichment of relationship; the second is learning by the discovery of our misjudgments how to arrive at true judgments of those who strongly influence us

28、; and the third is the way in which we register the characteristics of those for whom we so not deeply care, but with whose idiosyncrasies we have to live. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 112) The first category, and part of the second, relate to the heroines experience of themselves and

29、to their experience of their lovers-the heroes; the rest of the second category-the subjects of misjudgment-are composed of what I choose to call the prime antagonists to the heroine. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 112) The characters which belong to the third class offer much less diffi

30、culty to the reader, inasmuch as they have marked characteristics of a simple kind, and do not usually develop unexpected traits in the course of the story. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang, 2004, 112) Evidently, Mrs. Bennet，a minor character，is the third category. Her mind was less difficult to

31、develop. (Austen, 2003, 1) Several words can generalize her characters: mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. Some of Jane Austens characters are flat. She likes to use caricature, the rhetoric of satire. No matter how we categorize her, she is just she, exposing herself at r

32、eaders. Her social background and social status are not changeable. She belongs to that time and that environment. A. Mean UnderstandingThis means she is not a wise person, and does some wrong things. This point may relate to her education. She does not receive the good education, because of her bac

33、kground. Being not well-educated leads to her mean understanding. We can judge ones quality from ones languages and actions. In this novel, Mrs.Bennet has said the word “nonsense” several times. Does a well-educated person say dirty words as this? The answer is denial. Another word that she mentione

34、d often is “nerves”. “You have no compassion for my poor nerves.” (Austen, 2003, 2) “Have a little compassion on my nerves. You tear them to pieces.” (Austen, 2003, 3) The words one speaks can easily expose ones character. Jane Austen is good at using language to describe the character. From the wor

35、ds that Mrs.Bennet says, an image of a coarse person is displayed in our eyes. She is a countrywoman, who is always quarrelling, not well educated, careless and lives a meaningless life, and never has her own pursuit. We can also learn about her from her actions. She spoils Lydia especially, and let

36、s her go out so young. She allows, even supports her to run after the soldiers, which leads to Lydia going with Wickham secretly. If she is wise enough, she never allows such stupid things happen, and never does such things. In that conservative society, this is very indecent and impolite. An educat

37、ed mother especially in the middle-and upper class does not allow her daughter do the matter.When Jane receives a note from Miss Bingle, which invites her to have dinner with them, Mrs.Bennet-her mother-persists that she had better go on horseback, instead of going on the carriage. “Because it seems

38、 likely to rain; and then you must stay all night” (Austen, 2003, 19) Just in order to create chance for Jane and Mr. Bingle, Mrs. Bennet has the “good” idea. The results are “her sister was uneasy for her; but her mother was delighted.” (Austen, 2003, 19) At last as her mother expects, God helps th

39、em, and it rains. Jane stays there all night and ever several days, but also catches a bad cold. She is wise or unwise. Personally, I cannot agree with her. The desire is good, but the action is wrong. A decent person does not do as she. In order to achieve the aim, she is regardless to her daughter

40、. Due to her mean understanding and coarse manners, later, she talks aloud about the benefits of marriage about Jane and Bingle, Which frightens Mr. Bingle, and breaks the relation between Jane and Mr. Bingle. Furthermore, she never understands the nature of an entail. Why should others, not his own

41、 children, entail her husbands estate? This is all the proof of her mean understanding. B. Little InformationThis may relate to her mean understanding and her living environment. Living in the isolated country, she is likely never to go to the very important or formal occasions, just with the famili

42、ar people who live a normal life. This novel begins from her. When she hears of the coming of a new neighbor, she is so excited that she speaks loudly. ”O(jiān)h! Single, my dear; to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!” (Austen, 2003, 1) F

43、rom what she said to Mr. Bennet, we see her ignorance and less education are obvious. She only knows he is a rich man; she does not know any of his moral standing and other things. She only concerns about the number, the number of the money, his fortune.After the ball, when she reaches home, she kep

44、t on talking to Mr. Bennet. She is eager to tell her husband the things about the ball, the purpose of which is to show off. Even who dances with whom in detail. Mr. Bennet is bored with her. It seems that she is a rude countrywoman. The educated woman should not chatter away, and should not keep on

45、 talking about something meaninglessly. Contrasted with her, the noble or educated woman shall keep silent at most occasions. Another little matter is that Mrs. Bennet argues with young Lucas. The topic of argument is whether she should take away his wine bottle or not. The argument ended only with

46、the visit. They must think it is interesting. In others eyes, it is very boring. I do not know if there is necessity to argue about this kind of thing, and with a little boy. She does not have any meaningful topic to discuss with others. A noble woman, who shall keep her manners, is not like her. C.

47、 Uncertain TemperMrs. Bennet has a changeable mood. Anything can affect her mood. These things control her. The results are that she adds worries to herself, and the persons around her suffer. When Mrs. Bennet is angry with Mr. Bennet, she turns to scold one of her daughters. “Dont keeping coughing

48、so, Kitty, for Heavens sake!” (Austen, 2003, 3) It is very terrible. How unlucky Kitty is. She becomes the victim. Is there such an unreasonable mother in the world? When Jane receives the note from Miss. Bingle, Mrs. Bennets eyes sparkle with please, and she is eagerly calling out, while her daught

49、er reads: “well, Jane, who is it from? What is it about? What does he say?” “Well, Jane, make haste and tell us; make haste, my love.” Mrs. Bennets image is vivid. Jane Austen depicts so well through her speeches. Firstly, she is happy for Mr. Bingles coming; secondly, she becomes sad for his leavin

50、g. She is so uncertain. When she learns that Mr. Bingle is going to town the following day, she can not imagine what business he has in town so soon after his arrival in Hertford shire; and she begins to fear that he might be always flying about from one place to another, and never settle at Netherf

51、ield as he ought to be. At this moment, she is very unhappy to Mr. Bingle. She must think she may lose a good son-in law. It is a pity for her. She is sad and in bad mood. Then, she observes that Mr. Bingle likes Jane; she is very happy and full of hope to marry her to him. Her mood is changed with

52、the relation between Jane and Bingle. She is in bad mood when their relation is tense or far; she is in good mood when they have a good relation. It seems that she lives for others. She does not have her own life. .The Representativeness of Mrs. Bennets ImagesA character in fiction is always an imit

53、ation of the people in reality under realism. Realists tend to treat characters in their works as our neighbors or colleagues or friends but they represent them in different degrees. (Yuan Xian Jun & Qian Kun Qiang2004, 69) Jane Austen is different from other writers in her times. She separates

54、herself from others, but she is also a realistic novelist. The characters she creates have the representativeness. She is not read as taking sides in the political and social disputes of her times. In the past the researchers thought that her personal isolation from the leading writers of her day, t

55、ogether with the conservatism of her literary tastes, has been taken to imply that study of her work can have little to do with contemporary literary and intellectual debates, and we must chiefly focus on her personal view of her social environment and her judgments of it as they were influenced by

56、the writers of her immediate past, such as Johnson and Cowper. Until recently, this has been the usual opinion from her critics, both admirers and detractors. However, since 1970, a number of studies have taken a different attitude, arguing that on closer inspection she was not merely a bystander to contemporary events and currents of opinion, but a participant in them. We may say Jane Austen is a realist. She creates the characters based on the real l