高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之三大從句

1、高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句1高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句2英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，指的是英語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)和規(guī)律語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)和規(guī)律，主要包括詞法詞法和句法句法。高考中占較大比重的是句法，而句法中較為重要的是句子成分句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)。（一）詞法：英語(yǔ)的詞類(lèi)詞類(lèi)以及構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法。1、詞類(lèi)：主要有十種，分別是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞、數(shù)詞和感嘆詞。2、構(gòu)詞法：主要有合成法、派生法和轉(zhuǎn)化法。 合成法：如spaceship playground basketball 派生法：inventor learner swimming congratulation kindness dangerous 轉(zhuǎn)化法：形容

2、詞動(dòng)詞，如dry(干燥的)dry(弄干) clean(干凈的)clean (打掃干凈) 動(dòng)詞名詞，如look，walk，rest，work， study， swim，talk等 名詞動(dòng)詞，如hand(手)(傳遞)，face(臉)(面對(duì))等 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句3（二）句法：英語(yǔ)的句子成分句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)1、句子成分：、句子成分：英語(yǔ)中主要有七種，即主語(yǔ)（subject）、謂語(yǔ)（predicate）、賓語(yǔ)（object）、定語(yǔ)（attribute）、狀語(yǔ)（adverbial）、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（complement）、表語(yǔ)（predicative）。 注意句子成分和詞類(lèi)之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系2、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：、

3、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：簡(jiǎn)單句：簡(jiǎn)單句：有五種基本結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）主+謂 （2）主+謂+賓 （3）主+謂+ 間賓+直賓 （4）主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ) （5） 主+系+表并列復(fù)合句：并列復(fù)合句：兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句用并列連詞并列連詞連在一起構(gòu)成的句子。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句”。并列連詞有：and，but， or，so等。如：You love music and you are good at music.主從復(fù)合句：主從復(fù)合句：即各種從句，包括名詞性從句名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句）、定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句。高考中占分比最大的是賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從

4、句。如何區(qū)分是簡(jiǎn)單句還是復(fù)合句呢？高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句4 定語(yǔ)從句：Attributive Clause 從句在整個(gè)句子中作定語(yǔ)，來(lái)修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞，并從屬于主句。 狀語(yǔ)從句： Adverbial Clause 從句在整個(gè)句子中作狀語(yǔ)，起副詞的作用。根據(jù)其作用可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。一般由連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 名詞性從句：Noun Clause 從句在整個(gè)句子中起名詞的作用，相當(dāng)于名詞詞組。它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等 。因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞性從句又可分為主語(yǔ)從主語(yǔ)從句句、賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

5、同位語(yǔ)從句。 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句5找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 （是否為復(fù)合句）（是否為復(fù)合句） 如無(wú)并列連詞，分別找出如無(wú)并列連詞，分別找出主句和從句主句和從句判斷從句在整個(gè)句子中判斷從句在整個(gè)句子中擔(dān)任何種成分擔(dān)任何種成分？（即為何種從句）？（即為何種從句） He said his father is an engineer. The little girl in red coat is my sister. The prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most imagination. The old town has narrow

6、 streets and small houses that are built close to each other. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks. 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句6（一）定語(yǔ)從句基本概念 1、定語(yǔ)：修飾或限定名詞和代詞的形容詞 2、定語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義就是一個(gè)句子作定語(yǔ)，并從屬于主句。 3、先行詞先行詞：定語(yǔ)從句中所被修飾的名詞或代詞。（可以是人或物） 4、關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞，代替前面的先行詞，并在定語(yǔ)從句中

7、充當(dāng)句子成分。有關(guān)系代詞（which who/whom that whose）和關(guān)系副詞（when where why）兩種。結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞先行詞+關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句7（1）Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has developed gradually. 【2010福建】（2）Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school whom I met in th

8、e English speech contest last year. 【2010湖南】（3）The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister where she would stay for an hour. 【2010江西】（4） Thats the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen. 【2010山東】高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句8（二）定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi) 限定性定語(yǔ)從句限定性定語(yǔ)從句：從句對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行必要的描述或說(shuō)明，缺少它則句義顯

9、得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：從句對(duì)先行詞或主句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明或解釋?zhuān)c先行詞或主句間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。（不能用that引導(dǎo)，一般由which who whose as 等引導(dǎo)）Do you remember the girl who taught us English?My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. This novel, which I have re

10、ad three times, is very touching.He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.二者之間有什么區(qū)別？如何判定屬于哪種？定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。He was the only person in this country who was invited.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句91、在句中作用不同：、在句中作用不同：限定性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞有限定制約作用，使該詞含義更具體，更明確。限定性定語(yǔ)從句不能被省略，否則句意不完整。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與

11、先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)其作一些附加說(shuō)明，不起限定制約作用。如果將非限定性定語(yǔ)從句省去，主句的意義仍然完整。 2、外在表現(xiàn)形式不同、外在表現(xiàn)形式不同： 限定性定語(yǔ)從句因與先行詞關(guān)系密切，所以不可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)；而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，所以可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)。 3、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同：、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同：大多數(shù)限定性和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)，而特殊情況下，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句常由 which 引導(dǎo)。 4、關(guān)系詞的使用情況不同：、關(guān)系詞的使用情況不同：that 不可用于引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞替代情

12、況不同：who替代whom、that替代who/whom關(guān)系代詞省略情況不同：關(guān)系代詞在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省去，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句所有關(guān)系詞均不可省。 翻譯不同翻譯不同：一般把限定性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在它所修飾先行詞之前，而把非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句分開(kāi)。高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句101、People who take physical exercise live longer.進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人活得長(zhǎng)些。(若把從句去掉，句子就失去意義)2、His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming back home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來(lái)。

13、(若把從句去掉，句子意義仍然完整)3、He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車(chē)被竊的那個(gè)人。4、Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請(qǐng)了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。5、I have bought the same dress which she is wearing.我買(mǎi)了和她身上穿的一樣的衣服。(which指the same dress)6、Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開(kāi)車(chē)很快，這是很危險(xiǎn)的。(which指drive too fast)7、

14、He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。(which指整個(gè)主句)8、Li Ming, with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 9、Last Sunday they reached Nanjing, where a conference was to be held. 注意：并非只有并非只有 which 才能引才能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，如果先行詞指人則用 who ， which 或 whose 引導(dǎo)；先行詞

15、指物可用 which 引導(dǎo)；先行詞表時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用 when ， where 引導(dǎo)。 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句11（三）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1、常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞有：who whom that which whose 關(guān)系代詞用來(lái)指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞。如果先行詞指人，關(guān)系代詞可用 who whom that whose；如果先行詞指物，關(guān)系代詞可用which或that。 （1）This is the detective who came from London. （2）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere

16、 for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other. 【2011福建】 （3）The desk whose leg is broken is very old. （4）This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致。高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句122、關(guān)系代詞who，whom和whose的用法（1）who代替人，是主格，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。（有時(shí)可

17、用作主語(yǔ)。（有時(shí)可用that代替代替who）An architect is a person who designs buildings. Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. （2）whom代替人，是賓格，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。在非正式英語(yǔ)中常可省略。Do you know the gentleman (whom) we met in the school library yesterday?This is the student (whom) my father ta

18、ught ten years ago. The girl (who/that) I saw is called Mary. （3）whose一般代替人，有時(shí)亦可代替物，是所有格，在定語(yǔ)從句作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。 The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? （正式用法中：whose window=the window of which ）高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句133、關(guān)系代詞whi

19、ch和that的用法（1）關(guān)系代詞which代替物，在定語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. （which可換成可換成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. （which可以換成可以換成that） （2）關(guān)系代詞that既可指人又可指物，在當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)中大多指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。 Is she the girl that sells newspapers? （that可以換成可以換成who）

20、 Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? （that可以換成可以換成which） Is this the book that you want to buy? （that可以換成可以換成which，在定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略） 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句14 A.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who、whom與與that的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：（1）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用主格）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用主格who。如He who loses hope loses all. 失去希望的人就失去一切。（先行詞為代詞（先行詞為代詞he, t

21、hey, any, all, one等，多用等，多用who） I met Alice, who told me that she was learning Chinese. 我遇見(jiàn)艾麗斯，她告訴我她在學(xué)漢語(yǔ)。（在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，用（在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，用who） （2）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞用作介詞后的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用賓格）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞用作介詞后的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用賓格whom，不用，不用that。例如： The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher我們校長(zhǎng)剛才與他談話的那個(gè)人是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。（介詞與關(guān)系代詞緊密相連時(shí)，

22、只能用賓（介詞與關(guān)系代詞緊密相連時(shí)，只能用賓格格whom，不可用主格，不可用主格who） 注意：介詞與關(guān)系代詞不是緊密相連時(shí)，或者說(shuō)介詞放在句子后面時(shí)，這時(shí)可以用主格who，也可用，也可用that，還可省略關(guān)系代詞。，還可省略關(guān)系代詞。 （3）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞泛指人時(shí)，多用）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞泛指人時(shí)，多用that。 He is a man that is never afraid of failure. 他是個(gè)從不怕失敗的人。（that用來(lái)泛指人） （4）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)在）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)在who開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)用開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)用that。例如： Who is the girl that is tal

23、king to Tom in English? （避免重復(fù)使用who，以免造成誤解或語(yǔ)義含混不清） 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句15只能用只能用who，不能用，不能用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況 all作先行詞且指人時(shí) 先行詞是those且指人時(shí) 在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中且指人時(shí) 先行詞是指人的不定代詞時(shí)，如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody, anybody, none等1.All _ have studied this question have come to the same conclusion.2.Those _want to go to the

24、 cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.3.There is a young lady _ asks for you.4.The student you should learn from is the one _works hard and studies well.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句16B.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞which與與that的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：(1) 當(dāng)先行詞為all, much, little以及不定代詞anything, something, everything等時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞多用that。例如： All that gli

25、tters is not gold. 閃閃發(fā)光物，未必盡黃金。 She told me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告訴了我。 (2)當(dāng)先行詞前面有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞或限定詞the only, the very, all, every, any, no等時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般都用that。例如： This is the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我讀過(guò)的最好的一部小說(shuō)。 He is the only person that has been invited to the ball. (3)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)在wh

26、ich開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)用that。例如： Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest? 哪一個(gè)是推薦給外賓的賓館？（這里使用that很明顯是為了避免重復(fù)which） (4)在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞一般只用which。例如： Beijing, which is the capital of the Peoples Republic of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京是中華人民共和國(guó)的首都，將主辦2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)。 (5)介詞后的關(guān)系代詞用which，而

27、不用that。例如： She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps. 她收集了600張郵票，其中60是德國(guó)郵票。 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句17只能用只能用which不能用不能用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況：引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞本身就是當(dāng)先行詞本身就是that時(shí)時(shí)Football, _ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.This is the house in

28、 _ he once lived.That you told him about is what we want to know.只能用只能用that不能用不能用which引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞 all、little、much、everything 等時(shí)等時(shí)先行詞被先行詞被all、every、no、the only、the every等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)主句是以主句是以who 或或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)Th

29、is is the best film _ has been shown in the city.All _ is worth doing should be done well.They talked about the schools and teachers _ they had visited.Who is the man _ is reading the newspaper over there?高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句185、小結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞用法注意事項(xiàng)、小結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞用法注意事項(xiàng)（1）如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, every

30、thing, little, none等不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如：All the people that are present burst into tears. （2）如果先等詞被形容詞最高級(jí)以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等詞修飾，關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：This is the most beautiful place that I have ever seen.（3）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用關(guān)系代詞that，作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如

31、：There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. （4）which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語(yǔ)，也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，多數(shù)情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. A five-year-old boy ca

32、n speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present. 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句19（5）that可指人或物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，（指人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)多用who）僅用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 （6）which可作主語(yǔ)，既可指人，以可指物。指人時(shí)，一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特征、品性或才能的人。 which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的 Her sister has become a lawyer, which she wanted to be. （7）當(dāng)主句中有who, which時(shí)，而定語(yǔ)從句中也要用到

33、who或which，為避免重疊，定語(yǔ)從句用that引導(dǎo)。Who is the man that is standing by the door?（8）先行詞有兩個(gè)，一個(gè)指人，一個(gè)指物，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that。例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. （9）如果先行詞是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with

34、 you? whom、 which和和that 在在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，?？梢允木渲凶髻e語(yǔ)時(shí)，?？梢允÷?，但介詞提前時(shí)，后面的略，但介詞提前時(shí)，后面的關(guān)系代詞不可以省略，且也關(guān)系代詞不可以省略，且也不能用不能用that。高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句20（四）關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1、常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系副詞有：、常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系副詞有：when where why 關(guān)系副詞代替前面表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，where充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，why充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)。 它們的用法大家不妨記住一個(gè)口訣： the time when the place w

35、here the reason why 與關(guān)系代詞有什么不同？二者的選擇依據(jù)？高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句21where表示表示的地方，修飾場(chǎng)所、方位名詞的地方，修飾場(chǎng)所、方位名詞高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句22用關(guān)系副詞用關(guān)系副詞wherewhere連接下面的句子：連接下面的句子：This is the factory. I worked in the factory ten years ago. The school is near a park. My son studies in this school.We visited the house. Luxun once lived in the house

36、.This is the factory where I worked ten years ago.The school where my studies is near a park.We visited the house where Luxun once lived.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句23when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞，并在引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞(which)”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league. when=on

37、which(=on the day)We still remembered the days when we travelled together. when=in which(=in the days)高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句24用關(guān)系副詞用關(guān)系副詞when連接下面的句子：連接下面的句子：Theyll never forget July 1. Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. The days are gone forever. We used foreign oil during those days. There was a tim

38、e. The businessman lost heart at that time. Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days when we used foreign oil are gone forever. There was a time when the businessman lost heart.介詞介詞+關(guān)關(guān)系代詞系代詞which?高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句25why表示表示的原因，的原因， 的理由的理由which for why = for which高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句

39、265、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句小結(jié)：、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句小結(jié)：(1)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 (2)代替先行詞 (3)在其所定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)；關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。 關(guān)系副詞 = 介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞（不包括不包括that）why =for whichwhere =in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) when =during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) 牢記定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的三個(gè)作用：牢記定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的三個(gè)作用：高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句27 “關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=介詞介詞+

40、關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞” 在定語(yǔ)從句中, 這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是不是任何時(shí)候都成立？1. Ill never forget the days when /in which we worked together.2. Ill never forget the days which we spent together.3. I went to the place where/ in which I worked ten years ago.4. I went to the place which I visited ten years ago.5. This is the reason why/for wh

41、ich he was late. 6. This is the reason that/which he gave.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句28（五）（五）“介詞介詞 + + 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 介詞介詞 + which的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾事或物的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾事或物 介詞介詞 + whom的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾人的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾人高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句291. He paid $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. 2. He explained the reas

42、on for which he was late.3. The guitar with which George gave many performances was lost. 4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without which we would have lost our way. 5. She is a teacher of much knowledge, from whom much can be learned. 6. I have hired two typists , neither of whom types better than

43、 you.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句30（六）特殊引導(dǎo)詞（六）特殊引導(dǎo)詞asas引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：（引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：（引導(dǎo)限定引導(dǎo)限定 性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句）as最基本的用法是做連詞“與一樣”，表示同級(jí)的比較，介詞“作為”。下面是它特殊的用法，例句：1.He does not possess such qualifications as are necessary to be an actor. 他并不具備一名演員應(yīng)有的資格。2. She bought the same skirt as I had bought last week, so I need to tal

44、k to her about it so we dont wear them at the same time. 她買(mǎi)的那條裙子和我上周買(mǎi)的一模一樣，我要和她商量一下，免得“撞衫”。 3. The murderer who had killed several people on the campus was finally arrested by the police, as was expected. 如我們所愿，那個(gè)在校園殺害數(shù)人的殺人犯終于被警方逮捕。（該句中并未出現(xiàn)與as搭配的短語(yǔ)，此處的用法是as做關(guān)系代詞指代前面整個(gè)句子，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)。）4.As we all know,

45、smoking is harmful to ones health. 5.As is expected, the England team won the football match. 定語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型等句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型等的區(qū)別？的區(qū)別？高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句31學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題 ：1 1、定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的一致性、定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的一致性 He is the only one of the students who was here just now. He is one of th

46、e students who were here just now.2 2、定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) It is the place where they lived before. It is in the place that they lived before3 3、定語(yǔ)從句與并列結(jié)構(gòu)、定語(yǔ)從句與并列結(jié)構(gòu) He has two sons, neither of whom looks like him. He has two sons, and neither of them looks like him.4 4、定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句 He found th

47、e books where he had put. He found the books in the place where he had put.5 5、定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句 The news that we heard is not true. The news that he won the prize is not true.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句321. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one2. Is this factory _ so

48、me foreign friends visited last Friday? A. That B. where C. which D. the one3. I shall never forget those years _ I live in the farm _ you visited last week. A. when; where B. which; which C. when; which D. which; where4. Do you know the reason _he was late? A. for which B. for what C. which D. that

49、5. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which6. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that7. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句3

50、38. I will never forget the day_ we studied together. A. at which B. on that C. at that D. on which9. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on whichB. where C. in that D. during which10. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. wher

51、e D. in that11. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that12. I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry. A. Them B. that C. which D. those13. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way w

52、hich D. the way of which14. Can you tell me the name of the factory _ you visited last week? A. what B. where C. / D. when15. I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where16. It was an exciting moment for these football fans thi

53、s year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句341. This is the man _ wants to see you.2. A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.3. I dont know the reason _ he was late for the class.4. He lost my bike, _ made me unhappy.A birthday

54、 is the date _ one was born.5. Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing?6. He is doing such work as I am.7. Do you know the reason _ no one questioned Aristotles theory for about 2,000 years?高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句35下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正。下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正。1.I still remember the day that we first met in our school. 2.I

55、never forget the days when I spent with your family last summer. 3.The village which he was born has taken on a new look. 4.This is the town where we paid a visit to last year. 5.Can you tell me the reason which you missed the class this morning.6.Do you believe the reason why Tom gave for his being

56、 late for work? 7.The girl got herself into a situation that she was likely to lose control of her car.8. A modern city has been set up in the place where was a wasteland two years ago.高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句361.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which2.Do you

57、know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.Do you know the man _is talking with your father? Yes, hes our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 4. The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister. A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was 5.Have you seen

58、 the film Titanic _actors are very famous? A. who B. whose C. that D. whom6. Ann asked the policeman _he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. with whom C. who D. whom7.A child _parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose D. with8. Do you know the sc

59、ientist _ gave us a talk just now? A. who B. whom C. which D. whose9. This is the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 10. Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句37

60、11. Beijing is the 29th city _ holds the Olympic Games. A. where B. that C. which D. what 12. Have you read the book _ I gave you yesterday? A. that B. when C. where 13. The man _ came to our party with a present is my old friend. A. when B. which C. who 14. I like writers _ write short stories. A.