當(dāng)不定式或動(dòng)詞的

1、不定式 To be done To have been done動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式 Being done Having been done對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查在高考中也是較常見(jiàn)的。例 1：Little Jim should love to the theatre this evening. （ 92 全國(guó)）A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. taking【分析】答案選 A。句子主語(yǔ)Little Jim與take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，被帶去看戲"發(fā)生在 想（shouldlove=want） 后”，所以用不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)。例 2：Aft

2、er he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod. 【 06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情況："remembei接動(dòng)名詞的一般式或完成式均表示記得已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的事”句子的主語(yǔ) he 與并列的 attack， hit 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，答案應(yīng)選 D。例 3：At the beginning of the class,the noise of

3、deskscould be heard outside the classrooms. （ 07全國(guó) II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為“beingdone”。根據(jù)所提供的情景課判斷出在上課的開(kāi)始可以聽(tīng)到桌子被打開(kāi)和關(guān)上的聲音。Desks與open,close之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，因此使用動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例 4： Where is George? He said he

4、 would meet me at 3 o 'clock.He seems with Mr. Brown in the office. （2000 全國(guó)）A. to talk B. to be talking C.to have talked D. talking【分析】 seem 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，此處根據(jù)情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在辦公室說(shuō) 話，應(yīng)該用不定式的進(jìn)行式，故選 B。說(shuō)明：一動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義的情況： 在作表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)的形容詞后用狀語(yǔ)時(shí)； 作定 語(yǔ)修飾have, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名詞或代

5、詞時(shí)；作表語(yǔ)的 to blame, to let, to rent 等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) ）2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我們覺(jué)得這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) ）3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了責(zé)備。（作表語(yǔ)的 to blame 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) ）4. I ' m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anyt

6、hing ?C. for buying D. bought【分析】答案選 B。表示 有要”常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .【 08 全國(guó)卷 I 】A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 【分析】在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)表語(yǔ)形容詞為 good, light,heavy, difficult 等時(shí)，其后常用不定 式作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間，原因，結(jié)果等，且常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，因此

7、選B。二 need, want 和 require 表示 “需要 ”，主語(yǔ)通常是物時(shí)，后面除用不定式的被動(dòng)式外，也可用 -ing 形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need. （05 上海卷 ）A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC. where; improving D. when; improving【分析】答案選 A。 need improving=need to be im

8、proved 。 that 引導(dǎo)的從句與 problem 是同位 語(yǔ)。練一練：1. （2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen2. （2002 上海 ） to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being expo

9、sed D. After being exposed3. （2002 春招）Prices of daily goodsthrough a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been bought D. buying4. （2002 上海春招 ）When, the museum will he open to the public next year.A. completedB. completing C. being completed D. to be completed5. （2003 上海 ）

10、The discovery of new evidence led to.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught6. （2003 上海春招 ）Friendship is like money: easier made than .A. keptB. to be kept C. keepingD. being kept7. （2003 上海春招 ）Unlessto speak, you should remain silent at the

11、conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invited D. having invited8. （04 遼寧 September.A. to be heard B. to be hearingC. to hear D. to have heard9. （04 上海 ）The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D.

12、 to have caused10. （05 湖北卷）from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB . Having separatedC. Having been separated D . Tobe separated11. （05 上海卷）He got well- prepared for the job in terview, for he c

13、ould n' t riskthe good不定式 To be done To have been done動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式 Being done Having been done對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查在高考中也是較常見(jiàn)的。例 1：Little Jim should love to the theatre this evening. （ 92 全國(guó)）A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. taking【分析】答案選 A。句子主語(yǔ)Little Jim與take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，被帶去看戲"發(fā)生在 想（shouldlove=want

14、） 后”，所以用不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)。例 2：After he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod. 【 06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情況："remembei接動(dòng)名詞的一般式或完成式均表示記得已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的事”句子的主語(yǔ) he 與并列的 attack， hit 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，答案應(yīng)選 D。例 3：At the beginning

15、of the class,the noise of deskscould be heard outside the classrooms. （ 07全國(guó) II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為“beingdone”。根據(jù)所提供的情景課判斷出在上課的開(kāi)始可以聽(tīng)到桌子被打開(kāi)和關(guān)上的聲音。Desks與open,close之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，因此使用動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例 4： W

16、here is George? He said he would meet me at 3 o 'clock.He seems with Mr. Brown in the office. （2000 全國(guó)）A. to talk B. to be talking C.to have talked D. talking【分析】 seem 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，此處根據(jù)情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在辦公室說(shuō) 話，應(yīng)該用不定式的進(jìn)行式，故選 B。說(shuō)明：一動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義的情況： 在作表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)的形容詞后用狀語(yǔ)時(shí)； 作定 語(yǔ)修飾have, there be, this / that

17、/ these / those be等后面的名詞或代詞時(shí)；作表語(yǔ)的 to blame, to let, to rent 等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) ）2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我們覺(jué)得這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) ）3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了責(zé)備。（作表語(yǔ)的 to blame 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) ）4. I ' m going to the supermarket this a

18、fternoon. Do you have anything ?C. for buying D. bought【分析】答案選 B。表示 有要”常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .【 08 全國(guó)卷 I 】A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 【分析】在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)表語(yǔ)形容詞為 good, light,heavy, difficult 等時(shí)，其后常用不定 式作狀語(yǔ)，表示

19、時(shí)間，原因，結(jié)果等，且常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，因此選B。二 need, want 和 require 表示 “需要 ”，主語(yǔ)通常是物時(shí)，后面除用不定式的被動(dòng)式外，也可用 -ing 形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need. （05 上海卷 ）A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC. where; improving D. when; improving【分析】答案選 A。 ne

20、ed improving=need to be improved 。 that 引導(dǎo)的從句與 problem 是同位 語(yǔ)。練一練：1. （2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen2. （2002 上海 ） to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.A. ExposedB. H

21、aving exposedC. Being exposed D. After being exposed3. （2002 春招）Prices of daily goodsthrough a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been bought D. buying4. （2002 上海春招 ）When, the museum will he open to the public next year.A. completedB. completing C. being completed D. to

22、 be completed5. （2003 上海）The discovery of new evidenee led to.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught6. （2003 上海春招 ）Friendship is like money: easier made than .A. keptB. to be kept C. keepingD. being kept7. （2003 上海春招 ）Unlessto speak, you sho

23、uld remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invited D. having invited8. （04 遼寧 September.A. to be heard B. to be hearingC. to hear D. to have heard9. （04 上海 ）The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat. A. causing B. being

24、caused C. to be caused D. to have caused10. （05湖北卷）from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB . Having separatedC. Having been separated D . Tobe separated11. （05 上海卷）He got well- prepared for the

25、job in terview, for he could n' t riskthe good12. （ 05 遼寧卷） All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.A in order to have received Bin order to receive C so as to be received D so as to be receiving13. （94）The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16thcentury.A. having written B. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written14. （94）The missing boys were last seen near the river