2018年上海市楊浦區(qū)中考二模試卷英語及答案解析

1、2018年上海市楊浦區(qū)中考二模試卷英語Part 1 Listening（第一部分 聽力）（略）Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and vocabulary（第二部分 語音、語法和詞匯）Choose the best answer（選擇最恰當的答案）（共20分）26. Which of the following words is pronounced as /fens/?A. fansB. fenceC. faceD. fax解析：句意：下面哪一個單詞的發(fā)音為/fens/？根據A. fans fæns，B. fence fens， C. face fes，D. f

2、ax fæks，故選B。答案：B27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. horribleB. loseC. fondD. lock解析：句意：下面哪一個劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他劃線部分的發(fā)音不同？A. horrible /，B. lose /，C. fond /，D. lock /，故選B。答案：B28. The park was full of people who were enjoying_ in the sunshine.A. theyB. themC. theirD

3、. themselves解析：句意：那個公園擠滿了人，他們在陽光下玩得高興。they他們，是主格；them他們，是賓格；their他們的，是形容詞性物主代詞；themselves他們自己，是反身代詞。enjoy oneself玩得高興，故選D。答案：D29. The young couple haven't bought any_ for their new house.A. tableB. windowC. lampD. furniture解析：句意：那對年輕的夫婦沒有為他們的新家買任何家具。table桌子，是可數名詞；window窗戶，是可數名詞；lamp臺燈，是可數名詞；furn

4、iture家具，是不可數名詞。此處有any修飾，可數名詞用復數形式，故選D。答案：D30. Could you do me_ favour, would you feed my dog this weekend?A. aB. anC. theD. /解析：句意：你能幫我一個忙嗎，這個周末你能喂一下我的狗嗎？do sb a favour給某人幫一個忙，故選A。答案：A31. _ Hawaii and California have a lot of earthquakes.A. NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. Not only解析：句意：夏威夷和加利福尼亞都有很多地震。nei

5、ther兩者都不，both兩者都；either兩者中的一個；not only不僅。根據bothand“和兩者都”，故選B。答案：B32. Last weekend I met a foreigner in the street and showed him the way_ English.A. withB. onC. inD. by解析：句意：上周末我在大街上遇到了一個外國人，用英語給他指路。in+語言“用某種語言”，in English用英語，故選C。答案：C33. A right fashionable scarf, necklace, belt etc. can add variety

6、_ simple clothes.A. forB. byC. withD. to解析：句意：一個合適的時尚圍巾，項鏈，腰帶等能為簡單的衣服增添多樣性。addto“給增添”，故選D。答案：D34. We dont get many customers on Mondays. Saturday is our_ day.A. busyB. busierC. busiestD. the busiest解析：句意：在星期一我們沒有很多顧客，星期六是我們最忙的一天。busy忙的，busier更忙的，busiest最忙的，此處表示在星期六是這一周最忙的，故用形容詞的最高級，有形容詞性物主代詞our修飾，故形

7、容詞的最高級前不加the，故選C。答案：C35. More schools in the area have agreed_ the National Walkout Plan.A. to supportB. supportingC. supportD. supported解析：句意：這個地區(qū)更多的學校已經同意支持全國罷工計劃。agree to do sth同意做某事，故選A。答案：A36. It was so frightening. I could feel you_ with fear.A. shakingB. to shakeC. shakenD. to shaking解析：句意：真嚇

8、人。我能感覺到你嚇得顫抖。feel sb doing sth感覺某人正在做某事，故選A。答案：A37. _ honest boy Tom is! He found a bag fill of cash and immediately returned it.A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How解析：句意：湯姆是多么誠實的一個男孩?。∷业揭话F金，馬上歸還了。修飾單數名詞boy，故用不定冠詞，honest是元音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞an，修飾名詞短語an honest boy的感嘆句，故用what引導，故選C。答案：C38. Our English teacher

9、looks_ younger with her new hairstyle, don't you think?A. muchB. soC. veryD. too解析：句意：我們的英語老師留著新發(fā)型，看起來更年輕了，你不這樣認為嗎？much很多，so那么；very非常；too太。修飾比較級younger，用much。故選A。答案：A39. In most countries cigarettes_ to anyone under 18.A. dont sellB. are not soldC. didnt sellD. were not sold解析：句意：在大多數國家，香煙不被賣給18

10、歲以下的任何人。結合句意，主語cigarettes與謂語sell之間是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)，國家規(guī)定的條文用一般現在時，故選B。答案：B40. _ we change the way we travel, we will have serious environmental problems.A. AlthoughB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Until解析：句意：除非我們改變旅行方法，我們將有嚴重的環(huán)境問題。Although盡管；unless除非；because因為；until直到。此處主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時，因此是條件狀語從句，故用unless引導，故選B。答案

11、：B41. Simon_ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.A. has playedB. is playingC. had playedD. will play解析：句意：西蒙舉行第一次音樂會時，他已經彈鋼琴彈了很多年了。根據when he gave his first concert.可知此處用過去的時態(tài)，表示先彈鋼琴彈了很多年，然后開了音樂會，故表示過去的過去，用過去完成時，故選C。答案：C42. In my job I_ wear a uniform. I dont mind because its quite smar

12、t.A. have toB. ought toC. canD. may解析：句意：在我的工作中，我必須穿制服。我不介意，因為它非常時髦。have to不得不，表示要求；ought to應該，表示建議；can能，表示能力；may可以，表示允許。根據in my job可知此處是工作的客觀要求，故用have to，故選A。答案：A43._are you having a party?It's my fourteenth birthday, and I want to celebrate it.A. WhenB. How oldC. WhatD. Why解析：句意：你們?yōu)槭裁磁e行聚會？這是我十

13、四歲生日，我想要慶祝一下。When何時；how old多大了；what什么；why為什么。根據It's my fourteenth birthday, and I want to celebrate it.可知此處解釋舉行聚會的原因，故用疑問詞why，故選D。答案：D44. Lets go out for dinner tonight._A. Friday will be fine for me too.B. Yes, the food was very good.C. Sorry, but I cannot make it today.D. I dont, I prefer foot

14、ball.解析：句意：讓我們今晚出去吃晚飯吧。對不起，我今天去不了。Friday will be fine for me too. 星期五對我來說也適合；Yes, the food was very good.是的，那個食物非常好；Sorry, but I cannot make it today. 對不起，我今天做不到。I dont, I prefer football.我不，我更喜歡足球。根據Lets go out for dinner tonight.可知對方建議今晚出去吃飯，如果去不了，應表示抱歉，故選C。答案：C45. Im interested in paintings of wi

15、ld animals._.A. Im afraid I dont like that idea.B. So do I. Do you have any other hobbies?C. Thats amazing. I love old paintings too.D. We have some famous paintings of tigers.解析：句意：我對野生動物的繪畫感興趣。我也是。你有其他的愛好嗎？Im afraid I dont like that idea. 我恐怕不喜歡那個主意； So do I. Do you have any other hobbies? 我也是。你有其

16、他的愛好嗎？Thats amazing. I love old paintings too. 那是令人驚訝的，我也喜歡古畫。We have some famous paintings of tigers.我們有一些著名的老虎的繪畫。根據Im interested in paintings of wild animals.可知此處表示喜歡某物，應是一種愛好，故選B。答案：BIII. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used on

17、ce.（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞或詞組只能填一次。）（共8分）A. items B. exits C. degree D. grew up E. as well asEarly LifeStephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England on January 8, 1942. He 46 in a highly educated family. Stephen enjoyed math and science in school where he earned the nickname “Einstein.” He wanted to

18、study math at university but Oxford didnt have a math 47 at the time so he chose physics and chemistry instead. Stephen found college coursework to be very easy. He enjoyed being a member of the schools boat club 48 classical music. In October 1962 he started his graduate course at Trinity Hall. It

19、was at this time that his illness started to show up. His speech became unclear and he became very clumsy, often dropping 49 or falling for no reason. However, he finished his PhD and wrote about black holes in his graduation paper.46.解析：句意：他在一個高等教育的家庭長大。根據前文提到他出生，故此處表示他長大，grew up長大，故選D。答案：D47.解析：句意

20、：但是牛津大學那里沒有數學學位，所以他選擇物理和化學。根據Oxford可知在大學里，應是指的數學學位，故用degree，故選C。答案：C48.解析：句意：他不僅喜歡古典音樂，也喜歡作為學校船俱樂部的一員。連接并列賓語，故為連詞as well as，故選E。答案：E49.解析：句意：他說話變得含糊不清，他變得非常笨拙，經常掉東西或者無緣無故地摔倒。作為動詞drop的賓語，故用名詞，items物品，故選A。答案：AA. average B. including C. public D. published E. copies A Brief History of TimeStephen enjoy

21、ed writing books. In 1988 he 50 A Brief History in Time. This book covered modem subjects on cosmology such as the big bang and black holes in terms that could be understood by the 51 reader. The book became very popular selling millions of 52 and remaining on the London Sunday Times best-seller lis

22、t for four years. He had since written many more books 53 A Briefer History in Time, On the Shoulders of Giants, and The Universe in a Nutshell.50.解析：句意：在I988年他出版了時間簡史。根據前文的Stephen enjoyed writing books.可知他喜歡寫 書，故此處表示出版了他的書，故選D。答案：D51.解析：句意：這本書涵蓋了宇宙學的現代主題，如大爆炸和黑洞，這可以讓普通的讀者讀懂。修飾名詞reader，故用形容詞average，

23、故選A。答案：A52.解析：句意：這本書非常受歡迎，賣出了數百萬冊，并在倫敦星期日泰晤士報暢銷書排行榜上停留了四年。有數詞millions of修飾，故用復數名詞，表示數百萬冊，故選E。答案：E53.解析：句意：此后他又寫了很多書，包括時間簡史，巨人的肩膀和果殼中的宇宙。此處前面提到books，后面舉出包括的書，故用including,故選B。答案：B. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括號中所給單詞的適當形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一詞）（共8分）54. The lift was stuc

24、k on the_ floor, (five)解析：句意：那個電梯被卡在了第五層。此處修飾floor表示第五層，故用序數詞，故為fifth。答案：fifth55. _ have been cancelled after heavy snowfall in Northwest Wales, (ferry)解析：句意：在威爾士西北部，大雪過后，渡船已經被取消了。謂語have been cancelled是復數形式，故主語用復數名詞，故為Ferries。答案：Ferries56. He had an awful feeling that everyone was laughing at_. (he)

25、解析：句意：他有一種可怕的感覺，每個人都在嘲笑他。作為動詞短語laugh at的賓語，故用he的賓格形式，故為him。答案：him57. The students will learn from experience about the _of planning, (important)解析：句意：學生們將從經驗中學會計劃的重要性。the+名詞+of“.的”，故用important的名詞形式，故為importance。答案：importance58. Several long-awaited movies will finally_ in the theatres this month, (a

26、rrival)解析：句意：終于這個月電影院上映幾部期待已久的電影。位于助動詞will后的謂語用動詞原形，故為arrive。答案：arrive59. Pushing kids so hard from such an early age is likely to have some_ results (harm)解析：句意：逼迫這么小的孩子太緊了，可能有一些壞的結果。修飾名詞results，故用harm的形容詞形式，故為harmful。答案：harmful60. The flowers are_ arranged in a classic basket (beautiful)解析：句意：這些花被

27、漂亮地排列在一個古典的籃子里。修飾動詞arranged，故用副詞，故為beautifully。答案：beautifully61. You must keep to the rules even if you think theyre_. (fair)解析：句意：即使你認為那些規(guī)則是不太公平的，你也必須遵守它們。even if“即使”，引導讓步狀語從句，故表示認為不公平，也要遵守規(guī)則，作為系動詞are的表語，故用形容詞，故為unfair。答案：unfair. Completer the following sentences as required.（根據所給要求完成下列句子。 62-67 小題

28、每空格限填一詞。68題注意句首大寫）（共14分）62. I have never learned to fly kites.（改為一般疑問句）_you _ learned to fly kites?解析：根據謂語have never learned 可知此處是完成時，變成一般疑問句時，把助動詞have提前，其他不變，故此處為(1). Have (2). ever。答案：Have, ever63. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb in 1879.（就劃線部分提問）_ _Thomas Edison invent in 1879?解析：對

29、the electric light bulb提問，是詢問發(fā)明的什么，故用疑問詞what，謂語invented是一般過去時，特殊疑問句的助動詞用did，故為 (1).What (2). did。答案：What, did64. She was late for the meeting because her car stopped working in the road.（保持句意基本不變）She was late for the meeting because her car _ _in the road.解析：根據stop working=break down表示出故障了，此處動詞stopp

30、ed用一般過去時，故為 (1)broke (2)down。答案：broke, down65. A self-driving car killed a woman as she walked her bicycle across a street.（改為被動語態(tài)）A woman _ _ by a self-driving car as she walked her bicycle across a street.解析：A self-driving car killed a woman 可知變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，把賓語a woman變?yōu)橹髡Z，謂語killed是一般過去時，故謂語用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主

31、語a woman是第三人稱單數，故謂語用第三人稱單數，故為(1)was (2)killed。答案：was, killed66. My sister can sing better than I do.（保持句意基本不變）I cant sing so_ _my sister does.解析：My sister can sing better than I do. 表示我的姐姐比我唱得好，也就是我不如我姐姐唱得一樣好，as well as“和.一樣好”，故為(1)well (2) as。答案：well, as67. Mum asked, ”Why are you wearing Lindas cl

32、othes?”（改為賓語從句）Mum asked me why_ _ wearing Lindas clothes.解析：根據主句的Mum asked me可知把直接引語改為間接引語，謂語用一般過去時，主語you變?yōu)镮,故此處為 (1)I; (2)was。答案：I, was68. was, speak, so angry, he, my father, could hardly, that（連詞成句）_解析：so+形容詞+that+從句“如此以至于.”，故用so angry that, 主語是my father，be angry生氣的，故謂語用was so angry that，修飾動詞spe

33、ak用副詞，故為could hardly speak。故此處為：My father was so angry that he could hardly speak.答案：My father was so angry that he could hardly speak.Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分 讀寫）VI. Reading comprehension.（閱讀理解）（共50分）A. Choose the best answer（根據以下內容，選擇最恰當的答案）（12分）Cruises are becoming more and more popular,

34、with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury（奢侈的）ships. More people see a cruise as the perfect way to sit back and do nothing, and enjoy time off work. But what is the effect on the environment of this trend?Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to

35、move through water than over land, cruise ships are often massive, with the biggest ones carrying up to 6,000 passengers. Moving such large vehicles requires huge engines which bum as much as 300,000 litres of fuel a day. One scientist has calculated that cruise ships create as much pollution as 5 m

36、illion cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn't allowed on land. Unfortunately, no government has control over the amount of air pollution out at sea. Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish, and cruise ships arent usually good a

37、t recycling. Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea - as much per day as from a small town. Waste food from restaurants isnt put into the sea, but still causes problems when brought back to the land.Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they s

38、top. Popular destinations can get five or six ships per day, with thousands of tourists at a time. Good for restaurants? No. Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. Whats more, the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain

39、that the streets are too busy.Some towns have banned（禁止）cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop at the same time. People who care about the environment worry that as the cruise industry continues to grow, so too will the issues for our planet.69. The underlined word“trend”is closest

40、in meaning to _.A. problemB. eventC. decisionD. change解析：詞義猜測題。根據Cruises are becoming more and more popular,可知游輪旅游越來越受歡迎，因此它成為一種新的變化，故選D。答案：D70. The biggest cruise can hold about_ passengers.A. 20,000,000B. 6,000C. 300,000D. 5,000,000解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to

41、move through water than over land, cruise ships are often massive, with the biggest ones carrying up to 6,000 passengers.可知最大的郵輪能容納6000多名乘客，故選B。答案：B71. Cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution because_.A. they carry large numbers of cars and passengers as wellB. it takes more energy to move through

42、 water than over landC. they use types of fuel that are not allowed on landD. their engines are not as powerful as those of other vehicles解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據One scientist has calculated that cruise ships create as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, th

43、ey also burn dirtier fuel that isn't allowed on land.可知游輪造成很多空氣污染，是因為他們用的燃料是陸地上不被允許使用的，故選C。答案：C72. How is waste water dealt with on cruise ships?A. Its brought into a town.B. Its properly recycled.C. Its thrown away at sea.D. It's stored in the ships.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據Waste water from showers and t

44、oilets is usually poured directly into the sea可知游輪上的廢水被直接倒進海里，故選C。答案：C73. Why are cruise ship passengers not popular in some cities?A. They dont spend money on meals.B. They fill up the restaurants and make noise.C. They complain when the city is too crowded.D. They are sometimes rude to other touri

45、sts.解析：推理判斷題。根據Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat.因為游輪上的乘客在一些城市四處看了幾個小時后，然后回到船上吃飯，不在城市的餐館里吃飯，故選A。答案：A74. The purpose of the passage is to_.A. introduce a new way of travellingB. encourage people to try cruise shipsC. advise g

46、overnments to ban cruise shipsD. explain some problems cruise ships cause解析：推理判斷題。本文介紹了游輪帶來了空氣污染和水污染，游輪上的乘客對所到的城市造成不好的影響，故推斷本文主要介紹了游輪帶來的問題，故選D。答案：DB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（選擇最恰當的單詞或詞語完成短文）（12分）It happened one spring morning. I woke up and went downstairs. My mum a

47、sked me if I wanted some orange juice.“Yes, thanks,”I replied, but my voice had changed! It sounded very deep. I was quite 75 , and so was the dog! But my mum just smiled and said,“Oh, thats just your voice breaking.”Breaking? That did not sound good! So at school that day, I asked my biology teache

48、r what was happening,“Dont worry. Its 76 common!” she said. “Sound is made by the mouth as the air is 77 out through the voice box, which is in the neck. As you grow older, the voice box grows larger and thicker. When you are a teenager, there can be a 78 .“But my sister is older than me, and her vo

49、ice is still the same, I said, a little 79 .“The change is bigger in boys，so you notice it more. Girls，voices only change a little, so it is hard to tell the 80 .”Now I like my new voice. But the dog still is not sure!75.A. excitedB. embarrassedC. surprisedD. satisfied解析：考查形容詞及語境的理解。A. excited興奮的；B.

50、 embarrassed 尷尬的；C. surprised 驚訝的；D. satisfied滿意的；句意：我非常尷尬。根據It sounded very deep. 和That did not sound good!可知我的聲音變了，聽起來非常不好聽，因此我感到難為情，故選B。答案：B76.A. especiallyB. probablyC. hardlyD. completely解析：考查副詞及語境的理解。A. especially尤其，特別；B. probably可能；C. hardly幾乎不；D. completely完全地；句意：這是特別普遍的。根據Dont worry.可知不用擔心，

51、因此這是特別普遍的。故選A。答案：A77.A. pushedB. turnedC. takenD. picked解析：考查動詞及語境的理解。A. pushed推，擠；B. turned 轉動；C. taken 拿走；D. picked撿；句意：聲音是由嘴巴發(fā)出的，因為空氣是通過喉部的聲音盒擠出來的。push out擠出；turn out結果是，take out拿出；pick out挑選出。結合句意聲音從喉部的聲音盒被擠出來的，故選A。答案：A78.A. common mistakeB. sudden changeC. similar experienceD. slow process解析：考查

52、名詞短語及語境的理解。A. common mistake 共同的錯誤；B. sudden change 突然的變化；C. similar experience 相似的經歷；D. slow process緩慢的過程。句意：當你是一個青少年時，可能有一個突然的變化。根據As you grow older, the voice box grows larger and thicker.可知我的聲音變化了，故選B。答案：B79.A. angryB. confusedC. calmD. frightened解析：考查形容詞及語境的理解。A. angry生氣的；B. confused 困惑的；C. cal

53、m 冷靜的；D. frightened害怕的；句意：我有點困惑地說：“但是我的姐姐比我的年齡更大，她的聲音仍然一樣。”結合前后文可知“我”的聲音變了，但是“我”姐姐的聲音沒有變，所以我不明白為什么，因此感到困惑，故選B。答案：B80.A. truthB. reasonC. secretD. difference解析：考查名詞及語境的理解。A. truth 真理；B. reason 原因；C. secret 秘密；D. difference差異；句意：女孩子的聲音指變化很小，所以很難區(qū)分差別。根據Girls，voices only change a little可知女孩的聲音變化不大，因此很難看

54、到差別，故選D。答案：DC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）Today we're going to school by bus as usual. We normally leave home at 8 a.m., but were leaving e 81 because were testing some new devices for this months report. All these devices ar

55、e useful when you're travelling. So, what have we got?First up is the Briefskate. Its made of wood, so it looks like a normal skateboard, but you can open the top. Inside theres s 82 for books and a mobile or an iPad. In my opinion, its useful and fun, but Tina and I cant skate, so we cant test it.The n 83 device is the UE Boom 2. Its a small speaker with a really big sound! Its about the size of a can of drink, so you carry it with you easily and enjoy listening to your music. Its powerful enough to f 84 a large r