2019版高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)習選題Unit1Alandofdiversity(含解析)新人教版選修8

1、Unit 1 A land of diversity李仕才一、閱讀理解?！癏er grades are fine ; rm not worried about that , but she just does nt seem to love learning anymore ，” Alices mum said.Shes absolutely right. Id no ticed the same thing about her daughter over the previous two or threeyears when rd been Alices middle school Engl

2、ish, Latin,andwriting teacher , and I have an answer, right there on the tip of my tongue, to whathas gone wrong.Yet rm torn between my responsibilityto help Alice and the knowledgethat what I have to say is a truth rm not sure this mother is ready to hear.The truth for this pare nt and so many othe

3、rs is this: Her child has sacrificedher natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar（ 圣壇）of achievement , and its our fault.Alicesparents , her teachers , society at large we are all supposed to beblamed in this crime against learning.From her first day of school, we pointed hertoward that al

4、tar and trained her to measure her progress by means of points , scores , and awards.Wetaught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect（ 智力）,and that her intellectis more importantthan her character.We taught her to come home proudlybeari ng grade As, champi on ship prizes , and college acce

5、pta nee, and not on purpose ,we taught her that we dont reallycare how she obtains them.We taught her to protecther academic and extracurricularperfect ion at all costs and that itsbetter to quitwhenthings get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record.Above all else , we taught her to

6、fearfailure.That fear is what has destroyed her love of lear ning.1.Both the mother and the author have noticed that_ .A. Alice hates to tell them the truthB. Alices test scores are not so goodC. Alice chooses several subjects to learnD. Alice does nt enjoy study ing any more2.What do es the underli

7、ned word “torn ” mean in the passage?A. pained to chooseB. guilty to quitC. tired to man age D . certa in to decide3.What does the teacher think of the girl?2A. Her academic perfect ion results from her character.B. She is a gifted girl with spirits of challenging.C. She is perfect in her character

8、development.D Her academic performance is great.4 What leads to the girls change?A A few failure experiences.B Fear of failing to get good grades.C Her mothers over-protection.D Her not being accepted by colleges.【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文通過 Alice 的例子說明了父母、 老師和社會有時會扼殺孩子的好奇心和 對學(xué)習的熱愛?！倦y句分析】We taught Alice that her pot

9、ential is tied to her intellect（ 智力 ），and that her intellectis more important than her character.分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，含有兩個that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。We 是主語，taught 是謂語，兩個 that 在從句中均不充當成分。譯文： 我們教給 Alice 的是她的潛力和她的智力是聯(lián)系在一起的， 并且她的智力比她的性 格更重要。1D 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“ but she just doesnt seem to love learningany more ”和第二段中的“ Id notice

10、d the same thing about her daughter”可知， Alice的媽媽和作者都注意到 Alice 不再喜歡學(xué)習。A 項和 C 項文中沒有提到；根據(jù)第一段中的“ Her grades arefine ”可知， B 項錯誤。2A 考查詞義猜測。 根據(jù)畫線詞后的“ between myresponsibility.andthe knowledgethat what I have to say is a truth”可知，作者在兩者之間很難選擇。3D 考查細節(jié)理解。 根據(jù)第三段中的“ We taught her to protect her academic and extr

11、acurricularperfection at all costs”可知， Alice 的學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)很好。根據(jù)第三段的“We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect（智力 ） ， and that herin tellect is more importa nt than her character”可知 A 項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第三句中的“ that its better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect

12、record ”可知B 項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“ Above all els e，we taught her to fear failure ”可知 C 項錯誤。4B 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“ We taught her to protect.Thatfear is whathas destroyed her love of learning ”可知，害怕失敗毀掉了 Alice 對學(xué)習的熱愛。二、單句語法填空1They are likely _ (fire) by the company just because of their fault.3答案： to be fired S

13、b. be likely to do sth.“某人可能做某事”。主語 they 與fire 之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填不定式的被動形式。442.The majority of the interviewees_ (prefer) watching TV at home togoing to the cin ema.答案：prefer the majority of .作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與of 后的名詞保持一致。由 interviewees可知謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3._ It suddenly occurredhim that he should adopt the homelesschil

14、d.答案：to It (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that .某人突然想起某事”。4._ Whoever breaks the schoolrules will surely receive_ (punish).答案：punishment句中動詞 receive 后缺賓語，故應(yīng)填名詞punishment 作賓語。5.We should not have_ (race) discrim in ati on.答案：racial句中缺少一形容詞來修飾名詞discrimination,故填 racial 種族的”。6._ She became the first

15、 black woma n(elect) to theSen ate.答案：to be elected當名詞或代詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時，則常用動詞不定式來充當其后置定語，且elect 與 black woman 之間為被動關(guān)系，故填to be elected。7.He could nt express himself correctly_means of words.答案：by by mea ns of .借助于；用.；通過.方法”。8.She_ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake.答案：slipped句意：她趁別人還沒

16、醒，溜出了房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知該空為句子的謂語動詞，由從句中動詞時態(tài)were 可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時。9._ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current drivinglice nse.答案：To hire句意：若想租車，你需要出示護照及當前駕照。此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語。10._ By the time she knew the news, John_(fly) to America.答案：had flown 由 By the time引導(dǎo)的從句的時態(tài)為一般過去時可知，主句應(yīng)用過去完成時，故應(yīng)填 had flown。三、完

17、形填空。Bria n Tagalog was born without arms. But that did nt _1_ him fromjead ing ano rmal life. The _2_ young man believes he is the only certified tattoo( artist without arms in the world.A 3 of Honolulu, Tagalog moved with his family to Tucson. He had always shown an interest indrawing, and set his

18、mind on becoming a _4_ tattoo artist. Not many people gave him a chanee, but he5 improved his foot drawing skills and operated文身）5the tattoo gun with his _6_._Brians mother admits that _7_ him was not easy, but she always made it a(n)_8_ to let him explore his opti ons.“ The day I gave birth to him,

19、 well, I wasshocked, but we n ever hid him. I did nt _9_ him in any way. ” And perhaps thatswhat gave him the _10_ to achieve his dreams, _11_two limbs. “I was born without arms,” he said.the very obvious abse nee ofmedow n“ Butthathas not _12_to pursue my dream. ”At first, finding a shop that would

20、_ _13him proveda very difficultthi ng.He _14_ many tattoo shops and got no callsback.He did ntgive up; _15_,Bria nfin ally runs his own shop. Brian uses a (n) _16_ tech nique to tattoohe drawsthe desig n on clie nts skin with one foot, _17_ using the other to stretch the skin. And even tually histat

21、toos always turn out to get his clie nts _18_._Brian hopes his success will _19 others to follow their dreams bravely. Words and photos just dontdo Brian Tagalog justice.You need to see him 20 to witnesshow he works only with his feet.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了生來沒有胳膊的Brian Tagalog 通過自己的不懈努力最終成為一名成功的文身藝術(shù)家的故事

22、。1. A.promote B . preserveC. protect D . prevent答案與解析：D但是那沒有阻止他過正常的生活。preve nt sb. from doi ng sth. 阻止某人做某事”。2. A.wise B . ambitiousC. promising D . handsome答案與解析： B這個有抱負的年輕人相信他是這個世界上唯一一個有資格證的無臂文身 藝術(shù)家。 wise睿智的”；ambitious 有雄心的，有抱負的”；promising 有前途的”； han dsome英俊的”。3. A.visitor B . foreignerC. stranger

23、 D . native答案與解析：D根據(jù)后文的moved with his family to Tucson”可知，此處指 Tagalog 是一個火奴魯魯?shù)漠數(shù)厝?。foreig ner 外國人”；stra nger 陌生人”；n ative 當?shù)厝耍?本地人”。4 . A.professi onal B . no rmalC. temporary D . con servative答案與解析：A他總是表現(xiàn)出在繪畫方面的興趣，并且下決心成為一名專業(yè)的文身藝術(shù) 家。professional “專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的”； normal “正常的”； temporary “暫時的”； conservative

24、 “保守46的”。5 A.steadilyB occasionallyC effectivelyD frequently答案與解析： A 并不是很多人給他機會，但是他不斷地磨煉自己的腳部繪畫技巧并且 用自己的腳趾操作文身槍。 steadily “持續(xù)地，不斷地”； occasionally “偶爾，偶然”； effectively “高效地”；frequently “經(jīng)常地，頻繁地”。6 A.fingers B toesC mouth D jaw答案與解析： B 參見上題解析。7 A.comfortingB educatingC raisingD accompanying答案與解析： CBri

25、an 的母親承認撫養(yǎng)他長大不是一件容易的事兒。 comfort “安慰”； educate 教育”；raise 養(yǎng)育，撫養(yǎng)”； accompany陪伴”。8 A.failureB pointC adventure D destination答案與解析：B但她總是特別注意讓他探究自己的選擇。make it apoi nt to對.特別注意，努力做到”，是固定短語，符合語境。 failure “失敗”； adventure “冒險”； destination“目的地”。9 A.defendB blameC abandonD shelter答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文的but we never hidhi

26、m”可知，此處應(yīng)是指Brian 的母親不以任何形式庇護他。defend 保護”；blame 責備”；abandon 遺棄”；shelter 庇 護，遮蔽”。10A.confidenceB determinationC freedomD enthusiasm答案與解析： A 根據(jù)上下文語境， 此處應(yīng)是表示盡管他沒有胳膊， 但是 Brian 的家人所 采取的更為積極的讓 Brian 成長的方式或許正是給予他實現(xiàn)夢想的自信心的東西。con fide nee 自信心”； determ in ati on 決心”； freedom 自由”； en thusiasm 熱情”。11 A.apart from

27、B inC regardless ofDdespite答案與解析：D參見上題解析。apart from 除了”； regardless of “不管，不顧”； despite “盡管”。12 A.turnedB calmedC. slowed D . tracked答案與解析：C他說：“我生來沒有胳膊，但是那并沒有讓我放慢追求自己夢想的速sth.激勵某人去做某事”。urge 敦促”；request 要求”；advise 建議”。7度。 ” turn sb. down 拒絕某人”； calm sb.down “使某人鎮(zhèn)靜下來”； slow sb. down 使 某人慢下來”；track sb.

28、dow n“追查到，追蹤到”。13. A.hire B . supportC. serve D . fund答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文中的“ .got no calls back”“ He didnt give up ;15,Bria n fin ally runs his own shop.”可知，此處應(yīng)是指起初，找到一個愿意雇用他的店鋪被證實是一件非常困難的事情。 hire 雇用；support 支持；serve 為.服務(wù)；fund “資助”。14 . A.adapted toB.appealed toC. attached toD.applied to答案與解析：D根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知，此處

29、表示他應(yīng)聘了好多家店。但是沒有得到回信。apply to “向. 申請”符合語境。 adapt to “適應(yīng)”；即 peal to “對.有吸引力”；attach to “與.有聯(lián)系，與. 有關(guān)聯(lián)”。15 . A.otherwise B . in steadC. still D . however答案與解析：B他沒有放棄，反而（instead）最后開了自己的店。other wise “否則”；in stead “反而”；still“仍然”；however “ 然而”。16 . A.u nique B. funnyC. powerfulD.attractive答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，此

30、處指Brian 使用了一種獨特的文身技巧。unique “獨特的”；funny有趣的；powerful強有力的；attractive吸引人的。17 . A.before B. ifC. while D .uni ess答案與解析：C當他用另一只腳將皮膚抻平時，他用一只腳在顧客的皮膚上繪制圖案。while “當時”符合語境。before “在之前”；if “如果”；unless “除非”。18 . A.i nstruct ionB. admirati onC. doubt D . compla int答案與解析：B而且最后他的文身總是會得到顧客的贊賞。in structi on“指導(dǎo)”；admi

31、ration “贊賞”；doubt “懷疑”；complaint “投訴”。19 . A.i nspireB.urgeC. requestD.advise答案與解析：ABrian希望他的成功能激勵他人勇敢地追求夢想。in spire sb. to do820. A.in responseB . in advaneeC. in action D. in turn答案與解析：C根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示你需要見證在工作狀態(tài)中的Brian。inaction 在活動中，在運轉(zhuǎn)”，在此引申為處于工作狀態(tài)中”。in response 作為回應(yīng)”； in advanee 提前”；in turn反過來”。四、單句

32、改錯1. This is believed that hard work can lead to success.答案：ThisTIt It is believed that .人們相信.”，其中 it 為形式主語。2. An idea occurred me when I was walking in the park.答案：occurred 后加 to sth. occurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起某事”。3. A great many of people gain a great deal of information from the Internet.答案：去掉第

33、一個 of a great/good many 直接修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，只有當名詞前有限 定詞the/these/those/ones等時，才用 a great/good many of 短語。4. We regret to inform you that our company has hired on another girl for thejob of secretary.答案：去掉 on hire “雇用；租用”，為及物動詞，后面不需加介詞。5. They will carry out the plan in this means.答案：inTby by this means“用這種方法

34、”。五、七選五In our fast world of phones , fax machines and computers , the old - fashioned art of letter writ ing is atrisk of disappeari ng altogether. 1 There is the exciteme nt of itsarrival , the pleasure of see ing who it is from and, fin ally, the enjoyme nt of theconten ts.Letter writinghas been p

35、art of my life for as long as I can remember.It probablysth.激勵某人去做某事”。urge 敦促”；request 要求”；advise 建議”。9began with the little notes I would write to mymother.My mother, also , always insistedI write my own tha nk- you letters for Christmas and birthday prese nts. 2doctor in London,I would write once

36、a week and sowould my mother.Occasi on ally my father would write and it was always a joy toreceive his long , amusing letters. 3 Of course, we also made phone calls but itis the letters that I remember most.There were also letters from my boyfriends.lnmy youth I seemed to attract peoplewho had to w

37、ork or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter. 4 I found thatI could often express myself more easily in writing than by talk ing.I love the letters that come with birthday or Christmas cards.Notes areappreciated , but how much better to have a years supply of news!

38、 And its better still whe n its anairmail en velope with beautiful stamps.5 Like my mother before me, I insist they write their own thank-you letters.My daughter writes tomelittle letters , just as I did to my mother.I stronglyurge readersnot to allow letter writing to become anotherlost art ”.A.Poor handwriting can spoil（破壞）your enjoyment of a letter.B.We had b