大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯?？季涫郊霸~組(共8頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一、常用單詞組專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)education 教育input in education 教育投入communal participation 社會(huì)參與enhance the moral awareness of 提高的思想品德professional ethics 職業(yè)道德credit system 學(xué)分制guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多學(xué)科的key university 重點(diǎn)大學(xué)national expenditure on education 國(guó)家教育經(jīng)費(fèi)account for% 占百分比inte

2、rcultural communication 國(guó)際文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼?zhèn)鋞o become educated through independent study 自學(xué)成材compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 學(xué)前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education 職業(yè)技術(shù)教育institutions of higher learning

3、 高等學(xué)校inservice training course 在職進(jìn)修班compulsory/optional course 必修/選修課record of formal schooling 學(xué)歷diploma 文憑， 學(xué)歷證明二、常用句型1、It作先行主語(yǔ)和先行賓語(yǔ)的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、"All+抽象名詞"或"抽象名詞+itself"

4、(very+形容詞) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用詞匯重復(fù)表示強(qiáng)調(diào) A crime is a crime a crime. 5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相當(dāng)于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑問(wèn)句或條件從句中，則為"anything of "，可譯為"有點(diǎn)"，"略微等。""譯為毫無(wú)"，"全無(wú)

5、"。"much of"譯為"大有"，"not much of"可譯為"算不上"，"稱(chēng)不上"，"little of"可譯為"幾乎無(wú)"。something like譯為"有點(diǎn)像，略似。" They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名詞修飾是指of前后的兩個(gè)名詞都指同一個(gè)人或物，"

6、of"以及它前面的名詞構(gòu)一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ)，以修飾"of"后面的那個(gè)名詞。如"her old sharper of a father"，可譯為："她那騙子般的父親"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7、asascan(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、"It is in(with)as in(with)" It is in life as in a journey. 9、"as good as"相等于，就像

7、，幾乎如;實(shí)際上，其實(shí)，實(shí)在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him. 10、"many as wellas"和"might as well as" "many as wellas"可譯為"與其，不如，更好"，"以這樣做為宜"，"如同，也可以"等等。"might as wellas"表示不可能的事，可譯為"猶如"，"可與

8、一樣荒唐"，"與其那樣不如這樣的好"等等。 One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly. 11、"to makeof"的譯法(使成為，把當(dāng)作) I will make a scientist of my son. 12、too+不定式"，not(never)too+不定式"，"toonot+不定式 She is too angry to speak.13、only(not, all, but, never) too to do so

9、"和"too ready (apt) + to do"結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"tooto，"不定式都失去了否定意義，在"too ready(apt) +to do"結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式。You know but too yell to hold your tongue.14、"no more than"句型A home without love is no more a home than a body without a s

10、oul is a man.15、"not so muchas"和"not so much as "結(jié)構(gòu)，"not so muchas"="not so much as "，其中as有進(jìn)可換用but rather，可譯為："與其說(shuō)是毋須說(shuō)是"。而"not so much as"="without(not)even，"可譯為"甚至還沒(méi)有"。The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite

11、 it .16、"Nothing is morethan"和"Nothing is so as"結(jié)構(gòu)，"Nothing is morethan"和"Nothing is so as"都具有最高級(jí)比較的意思，"Nothing I"可換用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可譯

12、為"沒(méi)有比更為"，"像再?zèng)]有了"，"最"等。Nothing is more precious than time.17、"cannottoo"結(jié)構(gòu),"cannottoo"意為"It is impossible to overdo"或者，即"無(wú)論怎樣也不算過(guò)分"。"not"可換用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可換用"enough"，&qu

13、ot;sufficient"等You cannot be too careful.18、"否定+but "結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞后面的"but"，具有"which not"，"who not"，"that not"，等等否定意義，構(gòu)成前后的雙重否定?？勺g成"沒(méi)有不是"或"都"等Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.19、"否定+until(till)"結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞"n

14、o"，"not"，"never"，"little"，"few"，"seldom"等的后邊所接用的"until/till"，多數(shù)情況下譯為"直到才"，"要才"，把否定譯為肯定。Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.20、"not sobut"和"not such abut"結(jié)構(gòu)，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)和"否定+but"的結(jié)構(gòu)差不

15、多，不同之點(diǎn)是這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的"but"是含有"thatnot"意味的連續(xù)詞，表示程度。可譯為"還沒(méi)有到不能做的程度"，"并不是不"，"無(wú)論怎樣也不是不能"等。He is not so sick but he can come to school.21、"疑問(wèn)詞+shouldbut"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示過(guò)去的意外的事，意為"nonebut"，可譯為"除了還有誰(shuí)會(huì)"，"豈料"，"想不到竟是"等。Who

16、should write it but himself?22、"who knows but (that)"和"who could shouldbut"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是反問(wèn)形式，一般意譯為"多半"，"亦未可知"等等，有時(shí)也可直譯。Who knows but (that) he may go?23、"祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"結(jié)構(gòu)，"祈使句+and"表示"Ifyou"，"祈使名+or"表示"ifnot,

17、you。Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.24、"名詞+and"結(jié)構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞等于狀語(yǔ)從句，或表示條件，或表示時(shí)間。A word, and he would lose his temper.25、"名詞+and"結(jié)構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞等于狀語(yǔ)從句，或表示條件，或表示時(shí)間。A wor

18、d, and he would lose his temper.26.It is not thatbut that 這不是說(shuō)，而是說(shuō)27.nothing else than 完全是，實(shí)在是例文What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.譯文那個(gè)人講的話(huà)完全是一派胡言。 28.morethan結(jié)構(gòu)有三種譯法：than連接肯定形式的從句時(shí)，該從句譯為否定句；在比較的基礎(chǔ)上表示選擇關(guān)系時(shí)，可譯為與其說(shuō)不如說(shuō)；進(jìn)行同類(lèi)比較時(shí)，譯成比更.例文The complexity of the human situation and injustice of

19、the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.譯文人類(lèi)社會(huì)形勢(shì)的復(fù)雜性和社會(huì)制度的不公正性要求對(duì)社會(huì)基本結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行徹底變革，而一些政客口頭上是很不愿意承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)的29、虛擬語(yǔ)氣是常考點(diǎn)My computer must have gone wrong, because I could not boot it.提綱式作文 1對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)式 A有

20、人認(rèn)為X 是好事，贊成X， 為什么？ B 有人認(rèn)為X 是壞事， 反對(duì)X，為什么？ C我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個(gè)原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個(gè)原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反對(duì)X 的第一個(gè)理由。 An exa

21、mple can give the details of this argument: 一個(gè)例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個(gè)壞處。 2 批駁觀點(diǎn)式 A一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。 B 我不同意。 Many people argue that 錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。By

22、 saying that, they mean 對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個(gè)例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的影響）。 There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation

23、to conclude that 與錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀點(diǎn)。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫(xiě)法)。 3 社會(huì)問(wèn)題（現(xiàn)象）式 A一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題或者現(xiàn)象。 B 產(chǎn)生的原因 C對(duì)社會(huì)和我們生活的影響 D 如何杜絕。（如果是問(wèn)題的話(huà)） E 前景的預(yù)測(cè)。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of th

24、e public). According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說(shuō)明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。（或者是一個(gè)例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面參照辯論式議論文的寫(xiě)法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated（表達(dá)） in the following aspects. 參照辯論式議論文的寫(xiě)法。 A dozen of measures are su

25、pposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 參照辯論式議論文的寫(xiě)法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will . 寫(xiě)作模板圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped

26、considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一個(gè)原因). More importantly, (第二個(gè)原因). Most important of all, (第三個(gè)原因

27、). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)). 寫(xiě)作模板辯論式議論文 模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點(diǎn)

28、1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀點(diǎn)2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據(jù)1. More importantly, 論據(jù)2. Most important of all, 論據(jù)3. In summary, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或

29、From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點(diǎn)1, while others point out that 觀點(diǎn)2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 論據(jù)1. For another, 論據(jù)2. Last but not the least, 論據(jù)3. To conclude

30、, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 模版3 There is no consensus kn'senss 一致of opinions among people about X（爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)）。Some people are of the view that 觀點(diǎn)1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點(diǎn)2。As far as I am concerned, the

31、former/latter notion（觀念） is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 論據(jù)1。 Furthermore, 論據(jù)2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 論據(jù)3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 Fr

32、om above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè) 常用句型：1.表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this 2）The reasons for this are as follows 3）The reason for this is obvious 4）The reason for this is not far to seek 5）The reason for this is that 6）We have good reason to believe that 例： There are three reasons for the chang

33、es that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注：如考生寫(xiě)第一個(gè)句子沒(méi)有把握，可將其改寫(xiě)成兩個(gè)句子。如：Great changes have taken place i

34、n our life There are three reasons for this這樣寫(xiě)可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。 2表示好處 1）It has the following advantages 2）It does us a lot of good 3）It benefits us quite a lot 4）It is beneficial to us 5）It is of great benefit to us 例： Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our mi

35、nds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us 3表示壞處 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages 2）It does us much harm 3）It is harmful to us 例： However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if

36、we spend too much time watching televi- sion 4表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sbto do sth 2）We think it necessary to do sth 3）It plays an important role in our life 例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in b

37、usinessSoon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age 5表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficultie

38、s 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth 4) We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with 例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more seriousTherefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it 6表示變化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past

39、five years 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications 3）The computer has brought about（導(dǎo)致） many changes in education 例： Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five yearsThe major reasons for these changes are not far to seekNowadays，more and more peop

40、le are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins 7表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀 1）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5）However，thats not the case 例： We

41、 cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollutionTo solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards（危害） of pollutionThe government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment 8表示比較 1）Compared with A，

42、B 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV 3）There is a striking contrast between them 例： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordableFirstly，they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problemLast but not least，they cont

43、ribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise 9表示數(shù)量 1）It has increased（decreased）fromto 2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 例： With the improvement of the living stand

44、ard，the proportion（比例） of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased 再如： From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000 注：“From the graph listed above，it can be seen that”見(jiàn)句式12。考生將句式9和句式12結(jié)合在一起，便可較好地寫(xiě)出2002年6月CET 4、6短文寫(xiě)作的第一段。 10表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）People have different opinions on this problem 3）People take different views of（on）the question 4）Some people bel