非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié)

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是歷年高考英語(yǔ)的重要考點(diǎn)之一，同 時(shí)也是較難掌握的難點(diǎn)之一。它貫穿于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí) 和考試過(guò)程的始終。但是，只要認(rèn)真分析、透徹 理解、看透本質(zhì)、準(zhǔn)確把握，就一定能在高考中 運(yùn)籌帷幄，游刃有余。，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞區(qū)別簡(jiǎn)表類別 區(qū)別to dodoingdone含義主動(dòng)被動(dòng) 同位或?qū)?來(lái)主動(dòng)或（正在）進(jìn)行被動(dòng)或元成成分（名詞）主 語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、 表語(yǔ)（不定式）（動(dòng)名詞）主 語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、 定語(yǔ)（表用途） （現(xiàn)在分詞）定（過(guò)去分詞） 作定語(yǔ)、狀 語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表 語(yǔ)（多表狀定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)）語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)否定(not ) to(not)doing(not)donedo時(shí)態(tài)一般：to一般：d

2、oing一般：donedo進(jìn)行：本身進(jìn)行：無(wú)進(jìn)行：to完成：having完成：本身be doingdone完成：to（只作狀語(yǔ)）havedone語(yǔ)態(tài)一般被動(dòng)：一般被本身tobe動(dòng):beingdonedone進(jìn)行被動(dòng)：進(jìn)行被動(dòng)：tobebeing donebeing完成被動(dòng)：donehaving完成被動(dòng)：to have been donebeen done作用作目的狀作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、條作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)、條件狀件狀語(yǔ)、原因狀條件狀語(yǔ)、原語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、因狀語(yǔ)、方式語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀方式狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ)二不定式的用法不定式不可作謂語(yǔ)，但它可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)、 狀語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成不定

3、式短語(yǔ)，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓 語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)（表用途）、狀語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。高考 對(duì)不定式的考查主要有不定式的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、作 用、否定、省略、連詞+不定式等。作主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)表示具體的動(dòng)作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.（說(shuō)是一回事，做是另外一回事。 ）（ 2 ）不定式短語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，通常放在謂語(yǔ)之后，用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)。eg: It is important to learn Englishwell.（ 學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是重要的。 ） It is necessary for us to do the

4、jobwell.（ 我們做好這項(xiàng)工作是必要的。 ） It is a great honor to be invited to give aspeech here.（ 被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@兒發(fā)表演講是一個(gè)極 大的榮幸。 ）2. 作賓語(yǔ)（1）常只用不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend ,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend"XT oeg: He refused to help me.( 他拒絕幫助 我.) S

5、he has agreedto cometomorrow.( 他已同意明天來(lái) .)(2) 不定式較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，作賓語(yǔ)，也可用it 代替，放在后面。eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.(3) “特殊疑問(wèn)詞十不定式to do結(jié)構(gòu)”具有名詞特征，可作賓語(yǔ)。eg: She didn 't know whether to go or not. They haven ' t decided when and where to build the school.(4) 不定式可作介 but,except,besides( 除之外 )的賓語(yǔ)， 介詞前有

6、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do 的任何一種 形式，后邊的不定式就無(wú) to, 否則必帶 to 。eg: I want to do nothing but play the computer games 。 I have no choice but to wait 。3. 動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)(1 )不定式作表語(yǔ)放在 be 和其他系動(dòng)詞后， 說(shuō) 明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。 同樣，“特殊疑問(wèn)詞不定式” 具 有名詞特征，也可作表語(yǔ)。eg: My job is to sweep the floor. His goal was to enter the key university of Beijing. The first quest

7、ion is how to find a better way to learn English well.(2) 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 表語(yǔ)也必須為不定式， 結(jié)構(gòu) 必須保持一致。eg:To see is to believe.(3) 如果主語(yǔ)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是實(shí) 義動(dòng)詞 do 的某種形式，那么作表語(yǔ)的不定式可 以省去 to.eg: The first thing to do is find her. The only thing he could do was tell the truth.4. 不定式作定語(yǔ) 不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。 eg: I have someth

8、ing important to tell you.（ 不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 ） His wish to an artist has never come true.（ 不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系。 ）He is the right man to do the job. （ 不 定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 ）The little girl was unhappy because she had no friends to play with. （ 不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān) 系。 ）（注：若不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后須加上 相應(yīng)的介詞。 ）5. 不定式作狀語(yǔ) 不定式作狀語(yǔ)主

9、要是表示目的、條件、原因和結(jié) 果，可位于句首或句末，但句首時(shí)通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。eg: We set off early that morning to catch the first bus. （目的） To get a good result,she worked very hard. （目的） I feel it an honor to be invited to the party.（ 條件 ） She was very happy to get the first prize.（ 原因 ） He worked hard only to fail.（結(jié)果 ）（ 注：1. 不定式常用在 so

10、 as 或 in order 后 ,與它 們一起作謂語(yǔ)，表示目的，但 so as 引起的不定 式不可置于句首。eg:In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework.2. 不定式表目的常和 only 連用，往往表示出乎 意料的意想不到的不愿得到的結(jié)果。only to findeg:He hurried to the station the train had left.)3 “形容詞 enough 不定式”和“ too 形 容詞或副詞 (不表情感) 不定式” 也可作結(jié)果 狀語(yǔ)。eg: He is old enough to go to school.

11、 He is too weak to raise the stone.但“ too 表情感形容詞( pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious等)to do ”表示肯定意義， too 前面可用 only,but 等詞修飾。eg: They were (only) too anxious to leave.( 他們只是太急于離開(kāi)了。 ) She is (only) too pleased to go home.( 她非常高興可以回家了。 )6. 不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的完成。賓語(yǔ)與作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的 不定式之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。1 )后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有： wa

12、nt,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg, request,require,beg,get,advise,persuade,i nvite,order,remind,permit,allow,send,call on,wouldlike/love,arrange for,depend on 等。eg: She wanted me to arrive there early. Our headmaster call on us to work hard.（ 2 ）動(dòng)詞不定式可作感官動(dòng)詞（五看二聽(tīng)一感 覺(jué)即： see,look at,watch,observe

13、,notice ， hear,listen to ， feel ）和使讓動(dòng)詞（ let,make,have 等）后面的賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不定式符 號(hào) to 要省略，但如果句子變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，必須帶 to. 表示動(dòng)作的完成。eg: He made them climb the hill. They were made to climb the hill.(3) 動(dòng)詞不定式可作形容詞的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞不定式可作形容詞的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，句型為： （ 一 ） 主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)（ adj 為 convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossible/pleasent 等） + to d

14、o.（ 注：to do 常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，其中 do 為 vt, 主語(yǔ)為 to do 的賓語(yǔ)。 ）（二） 主語(yǔ) find/think/consider/believe等賓語(yǔ) adj to do.（ 注：其中 to do 常用主動(dòng) 表被動(dòng)，其中 do 為 vt, 主語(yǔ)為 to do 的賓語(yǔ)。 ） eg : CHe is easy to fool Thewomanis hardtoworkwith. He findthejobdifficult to do.（4） “特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式 to do ”具有名詞特 征，可作賓補(bǔ)。（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為 show,know,teach,tell 等。 ） eg:

15、I 'll tell you how to get there7 不定式作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ)不定式可以作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ), 放在句子前面、中間或末尾。常見(jiàn)的有 to be frank,to behonest,to tell the truth,to begin with ， to start with,to be short等。eg:To begin with,I thinkyou are wrong. 三動(dòng)名詞用法 動(dòng)名詞具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特點(diǎn)，有一般式和完成 式，有主動(dòng)式和被動(dòng)式，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ) 和定語(yǔ) . 否定形式在其前面加 not.（ 1 ）動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示

16、抽象動(dòng)作，指一件已知的事或 經(jīng)驗(yàn)。eg: Driving a car on the crowded road is boring. Reading is my hobby.（2）常只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： admit,avoid,appreciate,consider （ 考 慮 ） dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,sugge st 等。eg: I can 't imagine marrying her. She managed to escape being

17、 punished. 以下動(dòng)詞詞組后面只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)： give up,belong to,look forward to,keep on,insist on,be busy,get down to,be devoted to,have difficulty/trouble(in),have agood/wonderful time (in)等。eg: I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon. He gave up smoking three years.(3) 動(dòng)名詞可作表語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞可作表語(yǔ)， 一般為主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容 .表示一般性 或習(xí)慣

18、性的動(dòng)作。在概念上可以和主語(yǔ)劃等號(hào)。 把主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)倒過(guò)來(lái)，句子的基本含義不變。eg:His hobby is painting.(4) 動(dòng)名詞可作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞可作定語(yǔ)， 表示所修飾事物的功能或用途。 eg:He often studies in the reading room. 四現(xiàn)在分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞具有動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句 中作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。1 作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)， 單個(gè) v.-ing 放在被修飾的名詞 前；如果短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，則放在所修飾詞的后面。 動(dòng)詞 -ing 作定語(yǔ)和被修飾詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系， 表 示動(dòng)作正在同時(shí)進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常性發(fā)生。eg: thefallingleaves

19、 = theleaveswhichare falling therisingsun = thesun which isrising I saw himgo into thehousefacingsouth.2 作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 -ing 或其短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)， 可以表示時(shí)間、 條 件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、伴隨等。表示時(shí) 間關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞 -ing 短語(yǔ)可由連詞 while 或 when 引出。eg: Hearing the news,they got excited.（ 時(shí)間 ） Having finished his homework,she was playing on the playground

20、.（原因 ） Studying hard,you are sure to get the first prize.（ 條件 ）3 作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，賓語(yǔ)與作補(bǔ) 語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。后面常接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞（五 看二聽(tīng)一感覺(jué) see,lookat,watch,observe,notice,hear,listento,feel ）使讓動(dòng)詞（ have,get ）以及其他類動(dòng)詞 leave,keep,catch,set 等。表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn) 行。eg: I saw them playing games on the playground yesterday.

21、 Don 't leave him waiting outside the room.4作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于形容詞，常表示主語(yǔ)所具 有的特征，含有主動(dòng)意味。大多數(shù)使動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在 分詞通?？勺鞅碚Z(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的有： interesting,amusing,boring,tiring,pleasin g,exciting,moving,disappointing,surpring ,encouraging 等。eg: His story was very moving. The speech is really boring.5作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ)可以作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ) ,放在句子前面、

22、中間 或末尾。五過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞既有副詞的特征又有動(dòng)詞的特征，在句 中可作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等成分。( 1 )作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，它和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)、完 成關(guān)系，單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)放在前，過(guò)去分詞 短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在后。其中及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表 示完成或被動(dòng)概念，不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞只表 示完成概念，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)的意味。eg:the risen sun = the sun which hasrisen fallen leaves = leaves which has fallen This is the house built several years ago. = This is the

23、 house which was built sveral years ago.(2) 作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或 情況。它和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。它在句中 可以作時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式、讓步和伴隨狀 語(yǔ)。eg: Tired out,they rest.（ 原因 ） Taken around impressed by the city Though warnedstopped to have athe city,we weres new look.of the danger ,hestill went skating on the thin ice.(3) 作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 及物

24、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，和賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被 動(dòng)關(guān)系。不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表狀態(tài)和 完成。(1) 可以帶過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞 (五 看二聽(tīng)一感覺(jué)) ，使役動(dòng)詞 have,get,make 等， 以及其他類動(dòng) keep,leave,like,want,wish 等。 eg: I can 't get the car going. I had my leg broken last week.4)作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)常是人，一 般用來(lái)表示感受和狀態(tài)，可以用作表語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)的 過(guò)去分詞有： astonished,delighted,disappointed,excite

25、 d,experienced,exhausted,frightened,inter ested,puzzled,qualitied,satisfied,upset等 ,有些過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)實(shí)際上已經(jīng)構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)。 如： be interested in,be satisfied with,be covered with,be dressed in,be seated,be locked 等。能用這些分詞作表語(yǔ)的系動(dòng)詞有 be,get,remain,stay 等。 eg: The door remained locked. We were greatly encouraged when we he

26、ard the speech. 六非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞或代詞非謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞” 或“ with 名詞 /代詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞” 。在語(yǔ)法上是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的短語(yǔ)，不是句子（即：非 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不一致，須保留 之后所構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)） ?？煞旁诰涫谆蚓湮?。（ 一） 名詞或代詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（1）名詞 / 代詞不定式 名詞或代詞通常為動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，與不定式構(gòu)成 邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，可位于句首或句末。eg:He will send me $ 100 first,the rest to follow in a year.（2）名詞/ 代詞現(xiàn)在分詞 名詞或代詞通常為現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作

27、的執(zhí)行 者，與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。eg :Time permiting,we finish the work.（ 表?xiàng)l件 ） Spring coming on,the trees turnsgreen.（ 表時(shí)間 ）（3）名詞 / 代詞過(guò)去分詞 名詞或代詞通常為過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受 者。與過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或系表關(guān)系。eg: The sigal given,the bus started. Their strength exhausted,they sank down one by one.（ 表原因 ）（二） with 名詞 / 代詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（1）with 名詞

28、/ 代詞不定式 不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā) 生。eg:With nothing to do,they went out for awalk. （表原因）（2）with 名詞 / 代詞現(xiàn)在分詞賓語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞 -ing 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系， 表示的動(dòng)作和 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。eg:The boy slept with the light burning. （表伴隨）（3）with 名詞 / 代詞過(guò)去分詞 不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完 成。eg:They stayed inside with the door locked. （表伴隨）七非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別問(wèn)題 （一）動(dòng)詞后接

29、 to do 不定式還是動(dòng)名詞 （ 1 ）只能接 to do 不定式的動(dòng)詞有：want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend（2）常只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： admit,avoid,appreciate,consider（ 考 慮 ）dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine ,keep,mind,miss（ 錯(cuò) 過(guò) ）,practise,risk,resi

30、st,suggest等。（3）動(dòng)詞后二者都可跟，意義不同的有： forget to do sth忘記要做某事forget doing sth忘記做過(guò)某事regret to do sth 后悔要做某事regret doing sth后悔做過(guò)某事go on to do sth接著做另外一件事go on doing sth接著做同一件事stop to do sth停下來(lái)開(kāi)始做某事stop doing sth停止做某事try to do sth盡力做某事try doing sth試著做某事mean to do sth打算（意欲，企圖）做某事mean doing sth意味著做某事can ' t

31、 help （ to ）do sth 不能幫忙做某事can ' t help doingsth 情不自禁地做某事（4）動(dòng)詞后二者都可跟，意義相同的有： begin,start,like,love,prefer,hate 等。但是區(qū) 別在于：后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，后接不定式時(shí)表示的是具體的特定的動(dòng)作。eg:I like playing football,but I don ' t like play now.重點(diǎn)提示： 在下列情況下 begin 和 start 后只接不定式：I 主語(yǔ)是物不是人 eg:Spring came on and the snow began to

32、 melt.n .二者用于進(jìn)行時(shí)eg:It ' s begin to rain.川.二者后接表示心理活動(dòng)或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。eg:I began to realize how stupid I was.IV .二者后接不定式的被動(dòng)式。eg:The new type of computer began to be developed in the 1980 ' s.to do表示事實(shí)表示片段( 二 )“ 感 官 動(dòng) 詞 賓 語(yǔ) 賓 補(bǔ) sth/doing sth )”的區(qū)別 感官動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)(to do sth )或全過(guò)程感官動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)(doingsth )或進(jìn)行eg:The mis

33、sing boys were last seen playing near the river.Did you see a pencil-box lying on the ground just now.（三）個(gè)別“使讓動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”的特別詞的 用法1 ）have 賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)have +賓語(yǔ)+ do “讓做某事”，不定式作 賓補(bǔ)可以指現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)或可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。eg:They had me repeat the message. I won ' t have you say such things. I won ' t have you blame it on me.have +

34、賓語(yǔ)+ doing “讓一直做某事” ，現(xiàn)在 分詞作賓補(bǔ)可以表示主語(yǔ)有意讓別人去做或無(wú)意 引起某人可能去做或表示遭遇。eg:Tom tried to have her talking.But nouse. I won ' t have you speaking to your parents like that. （注：have +賓語(yǔ)+ doing 用于否定句， have 有容忍之意。 ） Why should we have the boy standing in the corner the whole morning.have +賓語(yǔ)+ done “讓被做”過(guò)去分詞作賓 補(bǔ)可表

35、示主語(yǔ)有意識(shí)的行為或表示“遭遇” 、“經(jīng) 歷”（動(dòng)作違背主語(yǔ)的意愿）eg:We ought to have her examined by a doctor.The old woman had her handbagstolen.2）get +賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)get +賓語(yǔ)+ to do（ = have +賓語(yǔ)+ do） “讓做某事”有時(shí)則是“說(shuō)服或勸說(shuō)某人做某事”eg:I will get the publisher to illustrate（ 加 上插圖 ） the book.get +賓語(yǔ)+ doing “使 （靜的物體） 動(dòng)起來(lái)”， 具有進(jìn)行含義。eg:I shall soon get t

36、he machine working.3) get +賓語(yǔ)+ done “讓被做”用法與have+賓語(yǔ)+ done基本相同。eg:He got his wrist broken.習(xí)題練習(xí)：1.（2009 全國(guó) l）Now that we'e discussedour problem,are pople happy with thedecisionsA.takingC.takenB.takeD.totake2. （2009 全國(guó) I）The children all turnedthe famous actress as she entered theclassroom.Ao oked

37、atB.to look atC.to looking atDook at3. （2009 全國(guó)H ）They use computerskeep the traffic .tosmoothly.B.runA. being runC.to runD.running4.（2009 北京）For breakfasthe only drinksjuice fromfresh fruiton his ownfarm.grownC.to be grownD.to grow5.（2009北京）twice,thepostmanrefusedto deliver our lettersunless weA.gr

38、ownB.beingchained our dog.B.BittenD.To beA. Being bittenC.Having bitten bitten6. （2009 湖南Nowadays people sometimesseparate their waste to make it easier forit.A. reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.to bereused7. （2009 陜西）1 still remember tothe Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to takeB.to betakenC.takingD.b

39、eing taken8. （2009 重慶）Michael ' s new house is like ahuge palace, with his old one.A. comparingB. comparesC.to compareD.compared9. （2009 重慶）With the world changingfast,we have something newwithall by ourselves every day.A.dealB. dealtC. to dealD. dealing10. （2009 山東）We are invited to a party in

40、our club next Friday.A. to be heldB.heldC. being heldD. holdingthe11. （2009 福建） not to miss the flightat 15:20,the manager got out for airport in a hurry.A.RemindingB.RemindedC.To remindD.Havingreminded12. （2009 福建）In April,2009,President Huinspectd the warships in Qingdao,the 60th anniversary of th

41、e founding ofthe PLA Navy.A.markingB.markedD.beingC.having marked marked13. （2009 安徽）The playnext monthaims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. producedB.being produedC.to be producedD.having beenproduced14. （2009 天津）by the advances intechnology,many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.B

42、.EncouragingD.Havingtheproject inA. Being encouragedC.Encouragedencouraged15. （2009 天津）time,the staff were working at weekends.B.HavingD.ToA.Completing completed C.To have completed complete16. （2009 遼寧）When we visited my oldfamily home,memory cameback.B.toA. floodingfloodC.floodD.flooded17. （2009 遼

43、寧）,you need to give allyou have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC.Be a winnerD.Having been awinner18. （2009 江蘇Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pre

44、ssures.A.helpB.to havehelped C.to helpD.having helped19. （2009 浙江）There is a great deal ofevidence that music activitiesengage different parts of the brains.A.indicateB.indicatingC. to indicateD.to be indicating20. （2009 浙江）, the pay isn ' tattractive enough,though the job itself isquite interes

45、ting.A.Generally speakingB.On thecontrary Cn particularD.To behonest21. （2009四川）He told us whether a picnic was still under discussion.A. to haveB. havingC.haveD. had22. （2009四川兒adies andgentlemen,please remain beforethe plane has come to a complete stop.A.seatedB.seatingC. to seatD.seat23. （2009四川）

46、many times,hefinally understood.A.ToldB.TellingC.Having toldD.Having beentold24. （2009 江西）the right kind oftraining,these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars.A.GivingB.Havinggiven C.To giveD.Given25. （2009 江西）The government plans tobring in new laws parents totake more

47、responsibility for the educationof their children.A.forcedB. forcingC. to be forcedD.having forced26. （ 2008 全國(guó) 1）1 like getting up very earlyin summer.The morning air is sogood .A.to be breathedB.to breatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed27 . （2008 江蘇）一They arequiet,aren ' t they?Yes.Theyare accustom

48、edatmeals.A.to talkC.to talkingB. to not talkD. to nottalking28.（2008 江 蘇）To learn English well,weshould find opportunities to hear Englishas much as we can.A. speakC.spokenB. speakingD.to speak29. （2008 湖南）the project as planned,weII have to worktwo more hours a day.A.CompletingB. CompletedC. Compl

49、etedD. To complete30. （2008 遼寧）Please remain ;theB.seatedD.to bewinner of the prize will be announced soon.A.seatingC. to seat seated31. （2008 山東）Lucy ' s new job paid twice as much as she had made in therestaurant.A. workingB. workC.to workD. worked32. （2008 上海Something as simple as some cold w

50、ater may clear your mind and relieve pressure.A.to drinkB.drinkingC.to be drinkingD.drunk33. （2008 上海）ldeallyfor Broadwaythe theatres and Fifth Avenue,theNewYork Park hotel is afavorite with manyguests.Ao catingB.being locatedC.having been locatedDo cated34.（2008 浙江）that he was ingreat danger,Eric w

51、alked deeper intotheforest.A.Not realizedB.Not to realizeC.Not realizingD.Not to have realize35.（2008 陜西）around the WaterCube,we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.B.To beA.Having shownshownC.Having been shownD. To show36. （2008 福建）in the queue for half anhour,the old m

52、an suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A.WaitingB.To waitC. Having waitedD.To havewaited37. （2008 福建）Can those at the backof the classroom hear me.A.seatB.sitC. seatedD.sat答案解析：1. C本題主要考查“with +名詞/代詞+過(guò)去分詞”的用法。不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表 示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。2. B 本題主要考查 “不定式作狀語(yǔ)” 。不定式作狀 語(yǔ)主要是表示目的、條件、原因和結(jié)果，可位于 句

53、首或句末，但句首時(shí)通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。3. D 本題主要考查 “現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)” 。后面常接 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞(五看二聽(tīng)一 感覺(jué) see,look at,watch,observe,notice/hear,listen to/feel )使讓動(dòng)詞( have,get )以及其他類動(dòng) 詞 leave,keep,catch,set 等。表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn) 行。4. A 本題主要考查”過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)” .過(guò)去分詞 短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在后，表示完成或被動(dòng)概念。5. B 本題主要考查 “過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)” 。過(guò)去分詞 在句中作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。它 和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。它在句中作原因狀

54、語(yǔ)。6. D 本題主要考查 “不定式作形式賓語(yǔ)” 。不定式 較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，作賓語(yǔ)，可用 it 代替，放在后面。7. D 本題主要考查 “只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)” 。常只用 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： admit,avoid,appreciate,consider （考慮） dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine ,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,su-gg est 等。8. D 本題主要考查 “過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)” 。過(guò)去分詞 在句中作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。它 和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。它在句中作方式狀 語(yǔ)。9. C

55、本題主要考查 “不定式作定語(yǔ)” 。不定式作定 語(yǔ)常放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。不定式與被修 飾名詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。10. A 本題主要考查“不定式作定語(yǔ)” 。不定式作 定語(yǔ)常放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。不定式與被 修飾名詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。11. B 本題主要考查“過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)” 。過(guò)去分 詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。 它和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。它在句中作原因 狀語(yǔ)。12. A 本題主要考查” 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)” 。動(dòng)詞 -ing 或其短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。13. C 本題主要考查“不定式作后置定語(yǔ)” 。不定 式作定語(yǔ)常放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。表目的 或?qū)?lái)。14. C 本題主要考查“過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)”