初中英語語法之賓語從句

1、賓語從句一、什么是賓語1. 及物動(dòng)詞后直接接賓語:tell sb. about sth.2. 形容詞后接賓語:surprising news3. 介詞后接賓語:be proud of sth二、賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞1、從屬連詞:that,if, whetherThat引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語從句。Eg: He told me (that he would go to the college the next year.我認(rèn)為他這個(gè)周六不會(huì)來了。_爸爸說他這次不會(huì)幫我了。_If 和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的一般疑問句的賓語從句。Eg: Will there be a bus any more? (

2、I dont knowI dont know if there will be a bus any more.If 和whether 的區(qū)別:If引導(dǎo)賓從,表是否。也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,表如果。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, I will go with you.Whether只能引導(dǎo)賓從,表是否,但可以和or not 連用。Nobody knows whether he could pass the exam or not.2、連接代詞:who, whom, whose, what和連接副詞:when, where, why, how 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句的賓語從句。Eg

3、: What do kind people do? (The book will show youThe book will show you what the kind people do.他沒有告訴我我們什么時(shí)候還能見面。_你能不能告訴我應(yīng)該怎么用這臺(tái)新電腦。_從以上的句子中,我們可以看出,賓語從句中無論主句使用哪種語序,從句都要用_.三、賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)1. 主過從過:The children didnt know who he was.2. 主現(xiàn)從隨便:He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.I dont know when he

4、 will go abroad.3. 客觀真理一般現(xiàn):We all know that light travels faster than sound.地理老師告訴我們,地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。_四、賓語從句的簡化1. 當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是hope, decide, agree等主觀決定有關(guān)的詞,并且賓語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí),賓語從句可以簡化為v. + to do結(jié)構(gòu)Eg. Li Ming hopes that he will come back soon.Li Ming hopes to come back soon.We decided that we would help him.2. 當(dāng)

5、主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等與記憶相關(guān)的詞,并且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時(shí),可簡化為特殊疑問詞+to do結(jié)構(gòu)。Eg: She has forgotten how she can open the window.She has forgotten how to open the window.我還是不知道應(yīng)該讀那本書。_3. 也可以這樣簡化:Could you please tell me how I can get to the station?Could you please tell me how to get to the

6、 station?因此,疑問詞+to do等同于賓語從句。五、賓語從句的分類1、動(dòng)詞的賓語從句大多數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞都可以帶賓語從句Eg: We all know that studying English is good for us.I believe that you will win in the football game.Do you think that maths is difficult for many girls?2、介詞的賓語從句用whether之類引導(dǎo)的介詞賓語從句Eg: We are talking about whether we should choose Tom as

7、 our monitor.The new book is about how we can keep healthy in our daily life.3、形容詞的賓語從句常用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句的形容詞有:sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry等。Eg: I am sure that I will pass the exam.Im sorry that I have troubled you so long.He is glad that his father will come to see him.隨堂測試:一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)

8、合句。1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4.C

9、an they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5.Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.7.How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8.Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her c

10、ar?9.What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10.Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I dont know _ _ at the door so loudly.11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.I don't know _ he still _ in that street.12. What's his na

11、me? I asked him.I asked him what _ _ _.二、選擇填空。( 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next weekB. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring( 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he fromB. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come backD. no

12、t to be so angry( 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the carD. how much I spent on the car( 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will

13、 leave for Paris ( 5. Could you tell me _?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in( 6. I can't understand _the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left( 7. She told me the sun _ in the east.A. riseB.

14、roseC. risesD. had risen( 8.I don't know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he getB. why he getsC. why does he getD. why he got( 9. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter( 10. He asked his father _.A. where it happ

15、ensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen( 11. No one tells us_, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it( 12. Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking ( 13.They don'

16、t know _their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which( 14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set?Sorry, I've no idea.A./, boughtB. has, boughtC. did, buyD. did bought( 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,otherD. what

17、, another三、用合適的連接詞填空。1. Jim told me _ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.(how, why2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today?(who, whom3. She said _ it wouldn't matter much.(that, if4. He always thinks _ he can do better.(how, who5. I really don't know _ the bridge will be

18、finished.(how long, how soon6. They don't know _ to go or wait. (if, whether7. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if8. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, what9. I don't know _ so many people are looking at him. (how, why10. Do you know _ you are studying for? (why, what四、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1. We are sure that he _ (go to school tomorrow.2. Do you know who _ (be the first man to walk on the moon?3. Could you tell me where the post office _ (is?4. Our father said that he _ (will buy a new computer.