finish與complete以及語法

1、finish與complete的用法辨析i.兩者都可表示“完成,有時可作為同義詞通用.如：The writer has completed finished his novel.這個作家已寫完了他的小說.The pupil completed finished his homework early in the morning.這學(xué)生一大早把家庭作業(yè)做完了.2. complete 除表示一般性的“完成外,還強調(diào)一切完備,沒有欠缺的地方,尤其指通 過填補失掉或缺陷的局部來配齊或完成(此時不能用finish 代之).如：I need one more stamp before my collect

2、ion is completed.我再需一張郵票就可以把我的郵票配齊了.She completed her set of dishes by buying the cups and saucers.她買了些杯碟把她的一套碗盞配齊了.3. finish在用于以下場合時,一般不用 complete 代替：(1)后接動名詞,表示“結(jié)束或“做完某事時：Have you not finished speaking?你還沒講完嗎？注：當(dāng)finish之后的動名詞帶有賓語時,有時可省去動名詞(如果意義清楚的話).如:He has finished (doing) his work.他把工作做完了.(2)用作不

3、及物動詞,表示“結(jié)束或“完成時：He didn ' t finish in time.他沒有及時完成.The meeting will finish at 3 o ' clock. 會議 3 點結(jié)束.(3)用過去分詞作表語,表示“準(zhǔn)備好了、“做完了時：At last she is finished too.最后她也做完了.(4)表示消極性的完成時finish a meal 吃完飯(比擬 complete a meal做好頓飯)finish a book 讀完一本書(比擬complete a book 寫完一本書)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的概念及構(gòu)成1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的概念現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

4、表示現(xiàn)在某一時刻或某一階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作,經(jīng)常和時間狀語now連用或用在look, listen at present. 等引出的句子中.二、.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成和運用：表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的事件或動作.也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作.句子的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：be am -is + 動詞 ing - are如：1. I am listening to the music now.2. The students are drawing pictures now.3. Listen! She is singing .4. Look! Mr Li is riding a bike.動詞現(xiàn)在

5、分詞構(gòu)成：1正常變化是在動詞原型后加ing如：read-reading ;drink-drinking ;eat-eating ;2以e結(jié)尾的動詞,去掉e再加ing如：write -writing ;make- making ;ride-riding ;3.重讀閉音節(jié)只有一個元音字母,而其后跟有一個輔音字母時要雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字 母再加ingsit-sitting ;swim-swimming ; put-putting ;run running4以ie結(jié)尾的動詞-ie+y+ing :lie - lying die - dying下面以talk為例來說明其各種句式.稱國Ah句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句及其

6、答語弟II ' m talking.I' m not talking.Am I talking?Yes, you are.人稱No, you aren ' t.weWe are talking.We aren' t talking.Are we talking?Yes, we are.No, we aren ' t.第 二 人 稱youYou are talking.You aren' t talking.Are you talking?Yes, I am.No, I am not.youYou are talking.You aren'

7、 t talking.Are you talking?Yes, we are.No, we aren ' t.蟲 弟三人稱heHe is talking.He isn ' t talking.Is he talking?Yes, he is.No, he isn ' t.sheShe is talking.She isn ' t talkingIs she talking?Yes, she is.No, she isn ' t.itIt is talking.It isn ' t talking.Is it talking?Yes, it isn

8、 ' t.No, it isn ' t.theyThey are talking.They aren ' t talking.Are they talking?Yes, they are.No, they aren ' t.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的其他用法1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時代替一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時有時可以代替一般現(xiàn)在時,表示一個經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài),表示一種感情或強 調(diào)某種情況的暫時性.例如：You are doing a good job.你干得不錯嘛.贊揚How are you feeling these days?這幾天感覺如何？關(guān)心2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時還可以表示禮貌,常

9、用于口頭交際I ' m hoping to meet you. 我真心希望見到你.We re looking forward to your coming.我們正盼著您的到來.四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與一般現(xiàn)在時的用法區(qū)別1 .從時間長度來看一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性,而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示短暫性,強調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行.如：I do my homework every day.我每天都做作業(yè).Do you usually go to school at seven?你通常7點鐘去上學(xué)嗎？We are reading the text now.我們現(xiàn)在正在讀課文.They are waiting for a bus. 他們正在等車.2 .從進(jìn)行的動作來看一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài),而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示短暫的非持久性的動作.如：五、沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài)的動詞1 .表示感覺的感官動詞沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài)如see看見,hear聽見,feel感到,taste嘗起來,sound聽起來,notice注意 到,watch觀察,巾nd發(fā)現(xiàn)等.2 .表示存在狀態(tài)的動詞沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài)如 have有,own擁有,seem似乎,be是,stay保持,remain仍然是等.3 .表示人物的心理活動、態(tài)度情感等的描述性動詞沒有