初二陽光課程英語第三次課講義代詞

1、初二陽光課程英語第三次課講義代詞一、基本要求1.人稱代詞、物主代詞的用法；2.指示代詞及單復(fù)數(shù)；3.不定代詞的用法；4.反身代詞的人稱和數(shù)的變化；二、能力要求在正確運(yùn)用各種代詞的基礎(chǔ)上、重點(diǎn)掌握物主代詞、不定代詞和反身代詞，并能夠在題干所提示的語境和邏輯關(guān)系中靈活運(yùn)用。三、分類* 人稱代詞 * 物主代詞* 指示代詞 * 反身代詞分類第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞（主格）Iweyouhesheitthey人稱代詞（賓格）meusyouhimheritthem物主代詞(形容詞性myouryourhisheritstheir物主代詞（名詞性）mineoursyourshishersitstheir

2、s反身代詞myselfourselvesyourself/yourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves例題：1. I can't repair the model ship _. Can you help         ?A .me; me B. myself ; myself C .myself ; me D. me ; myself2. Does your brother often wash clothes    

3、  ?A. he B .himself C. herself D .him3. The book on the shelf is _. She wrote      name on its cover         .A .Hers; her; herself B. Her;  hers; herself C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself4. Is this her bike

4、?  No, it isn't. It's _.A. mine B. my C. me D. he's5. _ Li Ping's brother.   A. Her B. His  C. He's  D. She's6.When you see Tom and his sister , tell       that     mother is waiting at the g

5、ate.A. his ; his B. her; hers C. them ; their D. his ; her * 不定代詞（一） some , any, no, all，none some意為“一些”、“若干”，具有名詞和形容詞的作用。 some 作定語時(shí)，可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。 some 通常出現(xiàn)在下列場合：1. 肯定句；2. 含請求和邀請意義的疑問句；3. 表示勸告或建議的肯定句。例如：(1 Some are playing basketball. The others are playing football. (2 Would you like some coffee？(

6、3 Won't you have some more money？any在句中作定語時(shí)，可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。1. 用于否定句、疑問句或條件狀語從句時(shí)，表示“一些”；2. 用于肯定句時(shí)，表示“任何的”、“任何一個(gè)的”。例如：(1 I have some English books，but I haven't any books that you need.(2 Do you have any tickets？(3 The teacher asked us if we had any questions.(4 You can come at any time.no意為“沒有

7、”，作定語用，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，在意義上相當(dāng)于 not a ； no 作定語用，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，在意義上相當(dāng)于 not any .例如：(1 No news is good news.(2 There are no students in the classroom now.all表示“一切”、“全部”、“全體”的意思，可以代替或修飾兩個(gè)以上的人或物，也可以代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 all 指人并單獨(dú)在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式； all 指物并單獨(dú)在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式。使用 all 時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：1. all 后面可以跟 of 短語。若 of 后面的賓語是名

8、詞，則 of 可以省略；若 of 后面的賓語是人稱代詞，則 of 不可省略。2. all 作定語修飾名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該按照“ all+ 定冠詞 / 指示代詞 / 物主代詞名詞”的順序排列。3. all 和否定詞 not 連用，表示“部分否定”，意為“并不是所有的”。例句：（1） All are here. Let's begin our class.（2） That's all for today.（3） All （ of ） the visitors are from America .（4） All of us will go shopping tomorrow.none意為“沒

9、有任何東西（人）”、“中任何一個(gè)都不”。 none 可以指人，也可以指物； none 作主語時(shí)，要與 of 短語連用，若代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞可為單數(shù)形式，也可為復(fù)數(shù)形式，若代替不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。例如：（1） None of us like go swimming.(2 None of the money is yours.(3 I know none of his friends.（二） other, another，oneother表示“另外的（人或物）”、“其他的（人或物）”。如果意思上需要，可用復(fù)數(shù)形式 others .注意：1. 表示某些人 / 物中的“一些另一些”，

10、應(yīng)該用 some others ；2. 表示兩者中的“一個(gè)另一個(gè)”，應(yīng)該用 one the other ；3. 拿一群中的某一個(gè)和這一群體中的其他個(gè)體相比較時(shí)，應(yīng)在名詞前加 other ；4. other 與表示數(shù)量的詞連用時(shí)，必須放在數(shù)量詞之后，表示在原有數(shù)量上又增加了多少。例如：(1 Some will visit the Great Wall， others will visit the Summer Palace.(2 I have two brothers. One is a doctor， the other is a professor. (3 Can you finish yo

11、ur homework without others' help？(4 He studied harder than any other student in his class.(5 You'd better stay in the hotel for five other days.another表示“（三個(gè)以上不定數(shù)目中的）另一個(gè)”。1. another 表示“另一個(gè)”、“再一個(gè)”時(shí)，一般只能用于代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；2. another 表示“外加一個(gè)”、“再來一個(gè)”時(shí)，通常位于“基數(shù)詞或 few + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”之前。例如：(1 Would you like anot

12、her cup of tea？(2 I don't like this apple. Please give me another.(3 They asked us to stay for another few days.(4 I ate an apple, I want Another two (apples.one 用來泛指任何人時(shí)，其所有格形式為 one's ，反身代詞為 oneself ； one 也可用來代替上下文中出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式為 ones ，這時(shí)它的前后都可用其他限定詞語加以修飾。 it 指代同一事物， that 代替不可數(shù)名詞。例如： (1 One

13、 should be strict with oneself.(2 Something is wrong with one of the machines. (3 This apple is too small. Please give me a big one.(4 This park is more beautiful than that one.(5 The population of China is larger than that of Japan. (下學(xué)期重點(diǎn)講解（三） many / much few /a few little /a littlemany / much 除可用

14、在肯定句中作主語或修飾主語外，還可用在否定句和疑問句中。例如：（1） Many of the boys in our class like music.（2） Much has been done to stop pollution.（3） There isn't much food left，is there？few 與 a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞； little 與 a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞；few 與 little 含否定意義； a few 與 a little 含肯定意義。例如： (1 His lecture is very difficult, but a few pe

15、ople can understand it. (2 His lecture is very difficult, and few people can understand it. (3 There is still a little water in the bottle. (4 There is little water in the bottle. Please go and get some.（三） both與 neither，either，eachboth意為“兩者都”，與 not 連用時(shí)表示“并非兩者都”，為部分否定。 both 在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： (1

16、Both of the stories are interesting.(2 There are trees and flowers on both sides of the street.neither意為“兩者都不”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。例如：(1 Do you like apples or pears？ No，I like neither of them.(2 Neither of the boys is my son.(3 He gave me two apples but neither of them is sweet.either意為“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”，作主語時(shí)，謂

17、語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。 either or 意為“要么要么”。例如：(1 You can eat either of the apples， but you can't eat them both.(2 Do you want an apple or a pear？ Either will do.(3 There are many new buildings on either side of the streets.each 指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物中的一個(gè)，側(cè)重于個(gè)體； every 則更強(qiáng)調(diào)全體或全部。 every 為形容詞，只能作定語； each 可作形容詞用，也可單獨(dú)作名詞時(shí)，而

18、且還可與 of 短語連用。例如：(1 There are many trees on each side of the road.(2 Every one of them has his own shortcomings.(3 Each of them should try his best to do the work well.四、試題演練1. The bowls are on the table .There are some eggs in      .A. the B. them C. it D. he 2. Let 

19、60;    have a meeting .A. me B. you C. us D. me 3. Your mother is kindness _. A .itself B. herself C. oneself D .himself4. I don't think we can do it all _.A. by ourselves B. by myself C. by  ourself D .by yourselves5. I don't want this shirt. Please show me _.A

20、 .others B .the others C .another D .the other6. We study Chinese, English , maths  and some         subjects.A .the other B. one C .other D .another7.I have two sisters.      of them are doctors.A. Both B. All C .Either D. Neithe

21、r8.You may come to my house _ this week _ next week.A .neither; or B .from; to C .either; or D. either; nor9.They are _ the same size , so you may take _ half of the cake.A. at; each B. in; both C .at; neither D .in; either 10. "Don't worry . There's   

22、0;   much wrong with you." said the doctor.A. nothing  B .everything C. something D .very 11. These shoes are too small. You may buy some _ shoes.A .another B .other C .the .others D. others 12. I asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner , but _ of them came .A

23、.another B. other C .the others D .others 13. Betty and John have come back , but _ students in the class aren't here yet.A. the other  B others  C. another  D. the others14. She stayed there longer than _.A. anyone B .anything else C. anybody D .anybody else15.What

24、's this?        . A. It's a bread B. It is a bread C. It's bread D. This's bread16. Mother often sees       on Sunday .A. her all friends   B. all her friend  C. her friends  D. her all friend.17.He

25、wants you to talk      about China.A .anything B .nothing C. thing D .something18.Granny seems ill . Are you sure it's       ?A .nothing serious B. anything serious C. serious nothing D. serious anything 五、課后作業(yè)（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.Her friend is honest b

26、oy.Aa Bthe Can D/2The artist said he hoped drawing the picture soon.Ahis son to finish Bto finish Cfinishing Dhis son will finish3I think Chinese is as as Maths.Auseful Bmore useful Cmost useful Dthe most useful4The Changjiang River is in the world.Athe longer river Bthe long riverCone of the longes

27、t rivers Done of the long river5Must I finish my homework now? .ANo ,you mustnt. BNo ,you neednt. CNo ,you couldnt. DNo ,you dont.6We didnt find in the picture.Aunusual anything Bnothing unusual Canything unusual Dunusual something7Hurry up .Theres time left.Aa little Blittle Ca few Dfew8Playing foo

28、tball and climbing are than watching TV.Amore healthy Bmore healthier Cmuch more healthier Dmuch healthier9I heard her in the next room yesterday evening.Acrying Bcried Cto cry Dwas crying10Cant you see a boat in the picture? . It is beautiful.AYes, I cant BNo, I cant CYes, I can DNo, I can 11 do yo

29、u go to school , Bill?Five days a week.AHow long BHow soon CHow far Dhow often12I it everywhere ,but I couldnt it .Afound, look for Blooked for, findClooked for, find out Dlooked at,find out13This morning I my umbrella on the bus.Aleft Bforgot Cput Dthrew14Jim is a very person and we are in his stor

30、ies.Ainteresting , interesting Binterested , interested Cinterested , interesting Dinteresting , interested.15The cake is so delicious. Would you like ?No ,thanks.Amore some Bsome more Cany more Dsome much16. Timmy goes to school _ every day. Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school. A. in a bus B

31、. by planeC. on footD. by boat17. - Excuse me，_ is the nearest bookshop? - Go down the street and turn left at the second corner.A. how B. what C. where D. who18. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a littleB. littleC. a few D. few19. My clock doesnt _.Can you me

32、nd it for me? A. useB. moveC. walkD. work20. Which team _ the next football match? A. wins B. won C. will win D. win（二）完形填空Now machines are_21_ used all over the world. Why are machines so important and necessary(必要的 _22_ us? Because they can _23_ us do things faster and _24_.A washing machine helps

33、 us to wash clothes. A printing machine(印刷機(jī) helps us to print a lot of books，newspapers，magazine and many_25_ things _26_. Bicycles，cars，trains and planes are all machines. They help us to travel faster than _27_ foot.The computer is a wonderful machine. It _28_ not long ago. It _29_ stores informat

34、ion but also computes numbers millions of times as _30_as a scientist does.Let's study hard and try to use all kinds of machines to build China into a modern country.21. A. wider B. more wide C. widely D. wide22. A. with B. of C. for D. to23. A. be helped B. help C. helping D. to help24. A. bett

35、er B. well C. best D. good25. A. others B. the other C. other D. another26. A. faster B. quickly C. slowly D. quick27. A. on B. by C. in D. with28. A. invents B. is invented C. was invented D. invented29. A. not at all B. not only C. both D. either30. A. quick B. fastest C. faster D. fast（三）閱讀理解（A）N

36、o.4 Middle SchoolKunming ,YunnanApril 2nd，2004Dear editor，I live in a beautiful city .Many visitors come to my city .There are so many colorful peacocks here .The peacocks mostly live on the grass land of Dongfeng Square.They are given food freely by visitors .They usually throw food to them, and do

37、nt think about at all whether the food is right or not .Some of the peacocks become ill ,some even died after eating the bad food given by the visitors .Im sure most of the visitors who throw food to the peacocks really like the birds ,but dont realize that they may be doing them harm .The visitors

38、should be told that what have done is very harmful to the birds ,and this kind of thing must be stopped from happening .Perhaps we can build some small shops beside Dongfeng Square to sell peacock food .For us every person ,its our duty to give more love to these beautiful birds and to look after th

39、em carefully.Yours,Sun Yan（ ）1Many visitors come to the writers city to .Ado some shoppingBsee beautiful peacocksCplay on Dongfeng SquareDeat nice food（ ）2Some peacocks became ill and died because some visitors .Adidnt give them any foodBgave them too much foodCthrew them some bad foodDloved them an

40、d played with them（ ）3Some shops can be built beside Dongfeng Square so that they may .Asell food for visitorsBsell food for peacocksCmake the square more beautifulDhave the beautiful birds（ ）4From the passage we know people should .Alive and play with the birdsBstop the birds from eating too much C

41、give right food to the birdsDgive more food to the birds（ ）5We can guess the writer of the letter ,Sun Yan ,may be a .Avisitor Bshopkeeper Csquare keeper Dstudent(BA man made a nice talking machine .It could weigh peoples weight .The man wanted to try the machine before he could make a lot of machines.He put the machine into the waiting room of a station .There were always lots of people in and out .The first one who used the machine was an Indian woman. She stood on the mach