【KS5U解析】山西省大同市第一中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月網(wǎng)上考試英語(yǔ)試題 Word版含解析

1、2019-2020-2高二年級(jí)5月考試英語(yǔ)試卷(滿分150分，答題時(shí)間100分鐘)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。awelcome to the mercedes-benz museum!discover at first hand what has been moving the world for over 125 years. take a fascinating stroll (閑逛) of automotive history.carried b

2、y lift to a height of 34 meters, you will travel back in time to the year 1886. this is when the mercedes-benz legend was born with the pioneering invention by gottlieb daimler and carl benz the automobile.be fascinated by the history, present and future of mobility on 9 levels and 16,500 square met

3、ers. experience the automotive legends in the legend rooms on level 4 and cross-epochal (劃時(shí)代的) topics in the collection rooms on level 3.both tours will finally take you to the innovations for the future in the “fascination of technology”.enjoy with all your senses: take the mercedes-benz legend hom

4、e. the museum shop in the passage on level 10 offers more than 1,000 products and gifts.try our own home-made museum cake or satisfy yourself with regional dishes at the restaurant before or after your tour through the museum.opening hourstuesday to sunday from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. ticket desk closes

5、at 5 p. m. closed on mondays.contact and reservationsmercedes-benz classic customer centerphone: +49(0)711-17 30 000fax: +49(0)711-17 30 400e-mail: classicdaimler. comaddressmercedes-benz museum, mercedesstraße 100 70372 stuttgart, germanyrestauranttuesday to sunday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. clo

6、sed on mondays.cafébartuesday to sunday from 10 a. m. to 6 p. m. closed on mondays.museum shoptuesday to sunday from 10 a. m. to 6 p. m. closed on mondays.online shoppingyou can shop online in comfort 24 hours a day at www. mercedes-benz-classic. com/store1. what can tourists do in the mercedes

7、-benz museum?a. experience the history on mondays.b. have dinner after 7 oclock p. m.c. watch museum cake making.d. enjoy an automotive collection.2. on which level can you buy gifts?a. level 9.b. level 10.c. level 3.d. level 4.3. where does this passage most probably come from?a. a museum guide.b.

8、a tourist map.c. a science textbook.d. a news report.【答案】1. d 2. b 3. a【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了梅賽德斯奔馳博物館的基本信息，以及開放時(shí)間、飲食、購(gòu)物等相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“experience the automotive legends in the legend rooms on level 4 and cross-epochal (劃時(shí)代的) topics in the collection rooms on level 3.”可在4層的傳奇室體驗(yàn)汽車傳奇，在3層的收藏室體驗(yàn)跨時(shí)

9、代主題?？芍慰驮诓┪镳^可以欣賞汽車收藏品。故選d。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“the museum shop in the passage on level 10 offers more than 1,000 products and gifts.”10樓通道里的博物館商店提供了1000多種產(chǎn)品和禮品?？芍憧梢栽诘?0層買禮物。故選b。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要是梅賽德斯奔馳博物館的基本情況，以及開放時(shí)間、飲食、購(gòu)物等方面的信息。因此最有可能是在博物館導(dǎo)游手冊(cè)之類的地方看到。故選a。bedgar allan poe was an american write

10、r who helped shape the course of american literature. his life was full of tragedies, but he had the great influence on the 19th-century american literature and continues to influence writers to this day.the early life of edgar allan poe was quite unhappy. born in 1809, poe was not yet three years o

11、ld when his parents died. adopted by a wealthy family, he got into trouble at school. he entered the united states military academy at west point, but he dropped out without graduating. his misery (不幸) continued to his adult life. later, because of a failed marriage, he suffered from mental illness.

12、 he was so upset about real life that he turned to writing. expressing himself in an unreal and imaginary world was his only comfort.the tragedies in poes life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing. his stories usually include death, which help build his reputation as a master of “d

13、ark” literature. in his the tell-tale heart, the main character goes crazy and kills his roommate while in the black cat, the main character kills his cat in a fit of madness.poe died at the age of 40 in 1849. his life is short, but his influence is very great. poe is credited with (被譽(yù)為) creating cr

14、ime fiction, and many say he contributed greatly to the appearance of science fiction. fascinated (著迷) by the scientific theories and new inventions of his time, he wrote about imaginary societies in the future. writers such as arthur conan doyle, the author of sherlock holmes, regarded poe as the f

15、ather of detective fiction. jules verne, a french writer who helped popularize science fiction, said poes work had a direct influence on the stories he wrote.4. poe began to write to _.a. earn his livingb. find comfort in writingc. build a good reputationd. create a beautiful world5. it can be learn

16、t that poes works often reflect _.a. soldiers lifeb. his own life storiesc. a sense of peaced. some political problems6. which can best show poes influence on literature according to the last paragraph?a. his creation of crime fiction.b. his unique writing experience.c. his creation of scientific th

17、eories.d. his contribution to new inventions.7. whats the best title of the text?a. american literature and writersb. escape from real life and find comfortc. edgar allan poe: a misunderstood poetd. edgar allan poe：a tragic yet talented writer【答案】4. b 5. b 6. a 7. d【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了美國(guó)作家埃德加·愛(ài)倫&#

18、183;坡，他的一生生活悲苦，英年早逝，但他對(duì)19世紀(jì)的美國(guó)文學(xué)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，這個(gè)號(hào)影響并一直持續(xù)到今天。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“he was so upset about real life that he turned to writing. expressing himself in an unreal and imaginary world was his only comfort”可知，他對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活很不滿，于是轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)懽鳌?在一個(gè)虛幻的世界里表達(dá)自己是他唯一的安慰。所以埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡開始寫作是為了在文學(xué)世界里找到安慰。故選b?！?題詳解】推理判

19、斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“the tragedies in poes life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing”可知，坡一生的悲劇影響了他的寫作基調(diào)、風(fēng)格和內(nèi)容。由此判斷出埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡的作品反映了他自己的故事。故選b。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵句“poe is credited with (被譽(yù)為) creating crime fiction，and many say he contributed greatly to the appearance of science

20、fiction”可知，埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡被譽(yù)為是偵探小說(shuō)的創(chuàng)始人，許多人說(shuō)他對(duì)科幻小說(shuō)的出現(xiàn)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。故選a?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“edgar allan poe was an american writer who helped shape the course of american literature. his life was full of tragedies, but he had the great influence on the 19th-century american literature and continues to infl

21、uence writers to this day.”可知，埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡是美國(guó)作家，他推動(dòng)了美國(guó)文學(xué)的發(fā)展。他的一生充滿了悲劇，但他對(duì)19世紀(jì)的美國(guó)文學(xué)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，并一直持續(xù)到今天。所以本文主要講述了埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡悲慘的人生經(jīng)歷及他對(duì)19世紀(jì)文學(xué)的影響。故短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡:一個(gè)悲劇的天才作家”。故選d。cby the end of the century，if not sooner，the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warmin

22、g climate，according to a new study.at the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on th

23、e type and concentration of phytoplankton. climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off

24、 oxygen. when these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. but phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need

25、 not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.stephanie dutkiewicz，a scientist in mit's center for global change science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. in a world that warms up by 3，it found that multiple changes to the colour

26、 of the oceans would occur. the model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. but in some waters，such as those of the arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener. “not only are the quantities of phytopl

27、ankton in the ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”8. what are the first two paragraphs mainly about?a. the various patterns at the ocean surface.b. the cause of the changes in ocean colour.c. the way light reflects off marine organisms.d. the efforts to fuel the gr

28、owth of phytoplankton.9. what does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 probably mean?a. sensitive.b. beneficialc. significantd. unnoticeable10. what can we learn from the passage?a. phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.b. dutkiewicz's model aims to project phyt

29、oplankton changesc. phytoplankton have been used to control global climated. oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.11. what is the main purpose of the passage？a. to assess the consequences of ocean colour changesb. to analyse the composition of the ocean food chainc. to explain the effec

30、ts of climate change on oceansd. to introduce a new method to study phytoplankton【答案】8. b 9. a 10. d 11. c【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)最新研究表明，由于氣候變暖，世界海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。這一現(xiàn)象是因?yàn)橐环N叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因?yàn)楣饩€反射的作用，它們?cè)诤Ｑ蟊砻嫘纬闪宋孱伭膱D案。但是浮游植物很容易受到海洋變暖趨勢(shì)的影響。氣候變暖會(huì)改變海洋的主要特征，并影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段“by the end of the century. if not soon

31、er, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知，到本世紀(jì)末，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，由于氣候變暖，如果不盡快的話，世界上的海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。結(jié)合第二段“at the heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton. becaust of the way light reflects off the organisms ,these p

32、hytoplanktons create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration”可知，這種現(xiàn)象的核心是一種叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光線的作用下在海洋表面形成了五顏六色的圖案。海洋的顏色從綠色到藍(lán)色不等，這取決于海洋的類型和浮游植物濃度。由此可推斷出這兩段主要敘述了海洋生物是海洋顏色變化的原因。分析選項(xiàng)可知b符合題意，故選b?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的“warming cha

33、nges key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.”可知，氣候變暖會(huì)改變海洋的主要特征，并會(huì)影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)。由此可判斷“but phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans wamning trend”可知，浮游植物對(duì)海洋變暖很敏感。故劃線部分單詞意思為“敏感的；靈敏的”可知a項(xiàng)正確。【10題

34、詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“the model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. but in some waters ,such as those of the arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener”可知，dutkiewicz的模型預(yù)測(cè)，目前只有少量浮游植物的藍(lán)色區(qū)域可能會(huì)變得更藍(lán)。但是在一些水域，

35、比如北極，氣候變暖會(huì)使浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)條件更加成熟，而這些水域會(huì)變得更綠了”。由此可推斷，浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)條件更加成熟，浮游動(dòng)植物就更多了，這些水域會(huì)變得更綠了。分析選項(xiàng)可知d項(xiàng)符合題意?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段提出文章的主旨“by the end of the century. if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知，到本世紀(jì)末。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，由于氣候變暖，如果不盡快的話，世界上的海

36、洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。再結(jié)合第三段“but phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warning trendwarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, ”可知，“浮游植物很容易受到海洋警告趨勢(shì)的影響，變暖改變了海洋的關(guān)鍵特征，并能影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)”，可知本文主要解釋氣候變化對(duì)海洋的影響。故選c。din 1941, science fiction writer isaac asimov stated the three

37、laws of robotics. these laws come from the world of science fiction, but the real world is catching up. a law firm gave pittsburghs carnegie mellon university $10 million to explore artificial intelligence. peter kalis, chairman of the law firm, k&l gates, said the development of technology had

38、led to questions that were never taken seriously before. what will happen when you make robots that are smart, independent thinkers and then try to limit their freedom?researcher kalis said, “one expert said well be at a point when we give an instruction to our robot to go to work in the morning and

39、 it turns around and says, id rather go to the beach.” he said that one day we would want laws to keep our free-thinking robots from running wild.with the law firms gift, the university will be able to explore problems now appearing within automated industries. “take driverless cars for example,” ka

40、lis said. “if theres an accident concerned with a driverless car, what policies do we have in place? what kind of insurance policies do they have?” in fact, people can take a ride in a driverless car in pittsburgh where an american online transportation network company uses the city as a testing gro

41、und for the companys driverless cars.the problems go beyond self-driving cars and robots. think about the next generation of smartphones, those chips fixed in televisions, computers, fridges, etc., and the ever-expanding collection of personal data being stored in the “cloud”. so can asimovs three l

42、aws of robotics be used in reality? is it necessary to have a moral guideline that everyone can understand? whatever it is, doing no harm should be the very first one.12. what can we learn from the first paragraph?a. robot should have more freedom.b. technology is running ahead of laws.c. the three

43、laws of robotics are practical.d. peter wants to explore artificial intelligence.13. what makes humans worry about robots?a. robots may be out of control.b. robots can do something illegal.c. robots can become angry easily.d. robots may have many requests.14. what is the third paragraph intended to

44、tell us?a. its hard for robots to obey rules.b. a law on robotics is really a must.c. driverless cars can cause accidents.d. driverless cars are being tested out now.15. what should the basic law on robotics be according to the text?a. robots should be cautiously used in life.b. robots should obey a

45、simovs three laws.c. robots should be easy for people to operate.d. robots should help with peoples life and work.【答案】12. b 13. a 14. b 15. d【解析】這是一篇議論文。機(jī)器人廣泛運(yùn)用于人們的工作和生活中，出現(xiàn)了許多與機(jī)器人有關(guān)的問(wèn)題，急需解決?？苹眯≌f(shuō)作家艾薩克·阿西莫夫曾在科幻小說(shuō)里陳述了機(jī)器人學(xué)的三條定律是否適用于現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)？但無(wú)論怎樣，機(jī)器人的運(yùn)用應(yīng)該是對(duì)人們無(wú)害只能有益?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段“in 1941, science fi

46、ction writer isaac asimov stated the three laws of robotics. these laws come from the world of science fiction, but the real world is catching up. the development of technology had led to questions that were never taken seriously before.”可知，機(jī)器人三條定律來(lái)處于科幻小說(shuō)，但現(xiàn)實(shí)世界正在迎頭趕上。技術(shù)的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了以前從未認(rèn)真考慮過(guò)的問(wèn)題。第二段“one day

47、 we would want laws to keep our free-thinking robots from running wild.” 總有一天我們會(huì)想要法律來(lái)阻止我們的自由思考機(jī)器人的失控?？芍萍嫉某霈F(xiàn)，才導(dǎo)致了問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn)，才會(huì)想要有法律來(lái)制約。由此判斷出科技走在法律的前頭了。故選b項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段researcher kalis said, “one expert said well be at a point when we give an instruction to our robot to go to work in the morning a

48、nd it turns around and says, id rather go to the beach.” he said that one day we would want laws to keep our free-thinking robots from running wild.研究員kalis說(shuō)：“一位專家說(shuō)，我們將會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情形，當(dāng)我們指示我們的機(jī)器人早上去上班時(shí)，它轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)說(shuō)：我寧愿去海灘?！彼f(shuō)，總有一天我們會(huì)想要法律來(lái)阻止我們的自由思考的機(jī)器人失控。第三、四段用無(wú)人駕駛的汽車及機(jī)器人為例來(lái)說(shuō)明我們制造了聰明的獨(dú)立行為的機(jī)器人時(shí)，如果失控可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題?？芍?，我們使用機(jī)

49、器人做事時(shí)，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的這種不可控制性，為此很擔(dān)憂。故選a?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。第二段內(nèi)容講述以后機(jī)器人可能會(huì)失控。根據(jù)第三段with the law firms gift, the university will be able to explore problems now appearing within automated industries. “take driverless cars for example,” kalis said. “if theres an accident concerned with a driverless car, what policies

50、do we have in place?可知，大學(xué)能探索到自動(dòng)化產(chǎn)業(yè)目前出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。其中以無(wú)人駕駛的汽車發(fā)生事故，我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)為例。由此判斷第三段想告訴我們關(guān)于機(jī)器人的法律是迫在眉睫的。故選b項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“so can asimovs three laws of robotics be used in reality? is it necessary to have a moral guideline that everyone can understand? whatever it is, doing no harm should be the very

51、 first one.”阿西莫夫的三條機(jī)器人定律能在現(xiàn)實(shí)中使用嗎？是否有必要有一個(gè)人人都能理解的道德準(zhǔn)則？有關(guān)存機(jī)器人的法律不管是什么，無(wú)害的應(yīng)該是第一（即最基本的就是無(wú)害）。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，項(xiàng)（機(jī)器人應(yīng)對(duì)人們的生活及工作有幫助），是符合無(wú)害的，可知是正確，b項(xiàng)（機(jī)器人應(yīng)遵循阿西莫夫的三大定律）是不對(duì)的。a項(xiàng)（機(jī)器人在生活中應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎使用）和c項(xiàng)（機(jī)器人應(yīng)該便于人們操作）沒(méi)有提及。故項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題3分，滿分15分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。imagine a child standing on a diving board

52、four feet high and asking himself the question: “should i jump?” this is what motivation or the lack of it can do. motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. _16_ like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided._17_ more than that, how should you stay motivated to achiev

53、e the goal? first, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. only then should you set your goals.you also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. this is quite important, because it is directly related to your c

54、ommitment. there are times when your heart is not in your work. _18_ so, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives keeping in mind your beli

55、efs, values and strengths. remember that goals are flexible. _19_ they also need to be measurable. you must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.your personal circumstances are equally important. for example, you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not g

56、ood enough. _20_you should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.you will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. you cannot overcome them without ample motivation. make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting you

57、r goals.a. this can affect your work.b. so how should you motivate yourself?c. however, this should not discourage you.d. so why should we try to set specific goals?e. they can change according to circumstances.f. motivation is what you need most to do a good job.g. without motivation, you can neith

58、er set a goal nor reach it.【答案】16. g 17. b 18. a 19. e 20. c【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系以及如何激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)并設(shè)定切實(shí)可行的目標(biāo)?！?6題詳解】上文說(shuō)“動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面”，下文說(shuō)“就像孩子在跳水臺(tái)，你會(huì)猶豫不決?！保摽粘猩蠁⑾?，g選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有動(dòng)力，你就既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)它”切題，故選g?！?7題詳解】上一段闡述了動(dòng)機(jī)和設(shè)定目標(biāo)的關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)了動(dòng)機(jī)的重要性，本隊(duì)進(jìn)一步講如何激勵(lì)自己并保持動(dòng)力來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。b選項(xiàng)“那么你應(yīng)該如何激勵(lì)自己呢？”承上啟下，故選b?！?8題詳解】上文說(shuō)“有時(shí)候你心不在工作上”，下文說(shuō)“所以，減慢速度，想一想那時(shí)候，你到底想干什么”。該空承上啟下，a選項(xiàng)“這會(huì)影響你的工作”切題，故選a。【19題詳解】上文說(shuō)“記得，目標(biāo)是靈活的”。該空承接上文，e選項(xiàng)“它們會(huì)根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變”切題，故選e。【20題詳解】上文說(shuō)“你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因?yàn)槟愕囊暳Σ?/p>