主謂一致和就近就遠(yuǎn)原則

1、創(chuàng)作編號(hào)上GB8878185555334563BT9125XW創(chuàng)作杳：鳳嗚大王”主謂一致和就近就遠(yuǎn)原則就近一致原則也稱“鄰近原則”“就近一致原則“，即：謂語與靠近的名詞、代 詞(有時(shí)不一定是主語)在“人稱、人數(shù)”上一致。一、在正式文體中：1 .由下列詞語連接的并列主語：there be+句型；or either.or;nor;neither.nor;whether.or;not.but;not only.but also 等。Eg.(1) What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行為或言談與我無關(guān)。(2)Neither you no

2、r I am wrong.你和我都沒錯(cuò)。(3)Not you but your father is to blame.不是你，而是你的父親該受責(zé)備。(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong.不僅你錯(cuò)了，他也錯(cuò)了。2 .在倒裝句中，謂語可與后面第一個(gè)主語一致。Eg.(l)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.在遠(yuǎn)處，能聽見鼓掌和人們的呼喊聲。3 2) There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.

3、桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書。非正式文體中：有時(shí)依“就近”和“意義”一致的原則；但語法上，no one”才是主 語，謂語要改成“agiees”。“寫作中”一般要依“語法一致”原則?？偨Y(jié)：英語就近原則短語1. There be 句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk.=There are some pencils and a book on the desk.2. Neither.nor.Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right.3. either.or.Either th

4、ey or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday.4. not only.but also.Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Not only Anns parents but also she stays at home eveiy Sunday.就遠(yuǎn)原則謂語動(dòng)詞與前而主語一致代表詞匯：as well as;(together/along)with;Rat

5、herthan;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from 例子：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.主謂一致 當(dāng)主語后面與 with,as well as,but,except,like,rather than,no less than,besides,including等+名詞或代詞連用時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞 與第一個(gè)主語保持一致。1 . The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her clas

6、s,visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A.was B.were C.had been D.would be2 .A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift.A.is offeredB.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered3 .E-mail,as well as telephone,an important part in daily communication.A.is playing B.have played C.are

7、playing D.play4 .Nobody but Jane the secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known5 . All but one here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were二、either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also.等連接并列主 語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。6 .Either you or the headmaster the prizes to these gifted studentsat the meeting.A.was ha

8、nding out B.are to hand out創(chuàng)作編號(hào)上GB8878185555334563BT9125XW創(chuàng)作杳：鳳嗚大王*C.are handing out D.is to hand out7 .Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having oneexamination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be三、當(dāng)the only one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關(guān)系代詞在定語 從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，當(dāng)“one。計(jì) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，

9、定語 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8 .He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.A.is B.are C.have been D.has been9 .She is one of the few girls who in the kindergarten.A.is well paidB.are well paidC.is paying well D.are paying well四、當(dāng)news,means,maths,plastics,physics等在形式上是復(fù)數(shù)概念, 而在意

10、義上是單數(shù)概念的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。10.Every possible means to prevent the pollution,but the sky isstill not clear.A.is used B.are used C.has been used D.have been used 五、當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)（百分?jǐn)?shù)）+of+名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于 Of后面名詞的數(shù)。11.of the land in that distrcit covered with trees andglass.A.Two fifth;isB.Two fifth;areC.Two fifths;isD.Two fifths;are六、the number of.（的數(shù)目）短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形 式；當(dāng)a number of.（許多）短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形 式。12.The number of people invited fifty,but a number ofthem absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.was;was D.were;were七、當(dāng)，疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作主