2015年英語四級長篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題(三)

1、2015年英語四級長篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題(3)2015年英語四級長篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題WorldMustAdapttoUnknownClimateFutureA.Thereisstillgreatuncenaintyabouttheimpactsofclnnatechange»accordmgtothelatestreportfromtheIntefgovermnentalPanelonClimateChange,releasedtoday.Soifwearetosurviveandpiospei,fatherthantryingrofendoffspecifictlueatslikecyc

2、lones,wemustbuildflexibleandlesilieiu（有彈性的）socieHes.B.Today'sreportisthesecondofthreeinstalments（分期連載）oftheIPCC'sfifthassessmentofclimatechange.Thefustinstalment,releasedlastyeai,coveredthephysicalscienceofclnnatechange.Itstatedwithmcreasedceitaintythatclunatechangeisliappeiuii9,aiidthatitis

3、theresultofhumanity'sgieenhousegasemissions.Thenewreportfbcusesonthemipactsofcluiiatechangeandhowtoadapttothem.Thetlurdinstalment,onhowtocutgieenliousegasemissionscomesoutinApril.C.ThelatestreportbacksofffromsomeofthepredictionsmadeinthepreviousIPCCreportm2007.Duringthefilialeditingprocess,theau

4、thorsalsoretreatedfiommanyofthemoreconfidentprojectionsfiomdiefilialdraftleakedlastyear.TheIPCCnowsaysitoftencamiotpredictwhichspecificmipactsofclimatechange-suchasdroughtsstormsorfloodswillhitpaniculaiplaces.D.InsteadttheIPCCfocusesonhowpeoplecalladaptinthefaceofuncertamty.aiguingthatwemustbecomere

5、silientagainstdiversechangesintheclimate."Thenatmalhumantendencyistowanttlungstobeclearandsunple."saysthereport'sco-chauChiisFieldoftheCarnegieInstitutionforSciencemStanford.Califbniia."Andoneofthemessagesthatdoesn'tjustcomefromtheIPCC,itcomesfromlustoiyasthatthefuturedoesn

6、9;teverturnoutthewayyoutlunkitwillbe."Thatmeans>Fieldadds,that，beingpreparedfbrawiderangeofpossiblefuturesislustalwayssmart”.E.HereNewScientistbreaksdownwhatisnewinthereport,andwliatitmeansforhumanity'seffortstocopewithachaiigmgclunate.Acompanionarticle,"Howclunatechangewillaffectwh

7、ereyoulive"，highlightssomeofdiekeyimpactstliatdifferentregionsarefacmg.WhathascliangedindienewIPCCreport?F.Inessencetthepredictionsareintentionallyvaguer.Muchofthefuliierlanguagefiomthe2007reportaboutexactlywhatkuidofweathertoexpect,andhowchangeswitlaffectpeople»liasbeenreplacedwithmorecau

8、tiousstatements.Thescaleandtimingofmanyregionalimpacts»andeventheformofsome,nowappearuncertam.G.Forexample»the2007reportpredictedthattheintensityofcyclonesoverAsiawouldincreasebylOto20percent.Thenewreportmakesnosuchclarni.Similarly,thelastreportestimatedthatclimatechangewouldforceuptoaquar

9、terofabillionAfricansin頁12015年英語四級長篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題(3)towatershortagebytheendoftinsdecade.Thenewreportavoidsusingsuchfirmnumbers.H.Thereporthasevenwatereddownmanyofthemoreconfidentpredictionsthatappearedintheleakeddrafts.References""hundredsofmilhonsofpeoplebeingaffectedbylisingsealevelshavebeenre

10、movedfiomthesummary.ashavestatementsabouttheunpactofwarmertemperatiuesoncrops."Itlmikifsgonebackabit,"saysJeanPalutikofofGnffitliUiuveisityinBrisbane>Queensland,Austialia,whowoikedondie2007report.“Thatmaybeagoodtlung.Inthefourthclimateassessmentweuiedtodo(lungsthatweren'treallypossi

11、bleandthefifthhassortofrebalancedthewholething.”Sodoweknowlesstlianwedidbefore?LNotreally.savsAiidvPitmanoftheUmveisitvofNewSouthWalesinSvdnev.AustrJ'J，JJJ'alia.Itisjustmorerigorouslanguage."Pointingtothesignofthechangeratherthanthepreciseniagiutudeofthechangeisscientificallymoredefensi

12、ble"liesays.J.Wealsoknowmoreaboutwhatwedoiftknow,saysDavidKarolyattheUniversityofMelbourne."Thereisnowabetterunderstandingofuncertamtiesmregionalclmiatepiqjectionsatdecadaltimescales(時標(biāo)).”Aiewelessconfidentaboutalltheimpactsofclunatechange?KLNotquite.Thereaiestillplentyofconfidentpredictio

13、nsofimpactsintheleponvatleastmdiediaftchapterstliatwereleakedlastyear.aiidwinchareexpectedtoberouglilydiesamewhentheyarereleasedlatertlusweek.TheseincludemoreraininpartsofAfrica»moreheatwavesinsouthernEurope,andmorefrequentdroughtsmAustralia(see“Howclmiatechangewillaffectwhereyouhven).Italsorem

14、amsclearthattheseasarerising.Howdoweprepareincasesinwluchtliereislowconfidenceabouttheeffectsofclunatechange?L.Thafsexactlywhatthisreportdealswith.Iiimanycases,rheuncertaintyisamatteiofmagnitude,sothechoicesarenothaid,"Itdoesn'treallymatterifthecarhitsthewallat70or80kilometresanhourjsaysKar

15、oly."Youshouldstillwearyourseatbelt."Sowhenitcomestosea.levelriseorheatwaves,theunceitaintydoesnotcliaiigewhatweneedtodo：buildseawalls,useefficientcoolmgandsofbrtli.M.ButinsomecasessuchasAfricanramfalLwhichcouldgoupordownthemodelsarenotgivingusgreatadvice,soallweknowisthattlungswillchange.

16、"Wearenotcertamabouttheprecisenatureofregionalchange,butweareabsolutelycertaintherearegoingtobeprofoundcliangesinmanyregions»”saysPitman.Eventhen,therearethmgswecandotliatwillalwayshelp.Abigoneisgettingpeopleoutofpoverty.Thereportsayspovertymakesothermipactswoiseaiidmanysuggestedadaptation

17、sareaboutalleviatingit.TheIPCCsuggestsgivingdisadvantagedgroupsmoreofavoice.helpingthemmovewhentheyneedtoandstiengthemngsocialsafetynets.NWliafsmore,allcountriesshoulddiversifytheireconomiesratherthanrelyrngonafewmainsourcesofmcomethatcouldfloodorblowovelCountriesshouldalsofindwaystobecomelessvulnei

18、abletothecurrentclimatevariability.Thatmeansmiprovmgthewaytheygovernresourceslikewaterjhereportsays.O.Inshorttwemustbecomemorelesilient.Thatwouldbewiseeveniftheclimatewasstable.Ourcurrentinfiasuucnueoftencannotdealwiththecunentclimate,saysKaioly.pomtmgtoeventsliketherecentUKfloods.uWedon'thavear

19、esilientsystemnow,evenmextremelywelldevelopedcountries.”46. Focusmgontheclueofclimatechangemsteadoftheseverityofclimateeffectsisscientificallymorereasonable.47. IPCC'snewreporthasremovedsomeofthepredictionsthatappearedmtheformeronereleasedin2007.48. OneofthelessonsbothIPCCandlustoryhastaughtusis

20、tliatftitureneverappearsasyouexpectittobe.49. TheIPCC'slatestreporthasweakenedmanyfirnierprojectionswrittenintheleakeddiafts.50. ThefirstofIPCC'sthreeinstalmentshasfocusedondiecunentclimateconditionsanddiemamreasonfbrthoseconditions.51. Themostiniportaiitthmgforustodoistogetpeoplerich.52. So

21、metimestheuncertaintyisjustabouttheextentofclmiateeffectsthusthechoices.ofwhatweshoulddoisquiteeasy.53. CountliesmustmaketheirecononuesvariedandimprovethewayofcontrollmgtheiecoursesinoldertobeRerdealwithclmiatechange.54. ThenewIPCCreporthasreplacedsomemoreconfidentstatementsfromtlie2007reportwithmor

22、ecaiefiilexpiessions.55. Therearestillmanyoffilmstatementsabouttheclmiateeffectsmthenewiepon>whichaiegeneiallythesameastheywereindiediaftchapters.46. Focusmgontheclueofclimatechangemsteadoftheseverityofclimateeffectsisscientificallymorereasonable.主要集中于氣候變化的跡象而不是氣候變化帶來的影響的嚴(yán)重性，在科學(xué)上更有說服力。I解析】1).由本段可

23、知，新的報告中使用了更加嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)恼Z百.重點也集中在氣候變化的遽象而不是氣候變化的影響會有多產(chǎn)重上,這樣使得報告更加目學(xué)且具有說收力.本題是嫉句的同義特?fù)Q.故透I).47. IPCC'snewreporthasremovedsomeofthepredictionstliatappearedintheformeronereleasedm2007.IPCC的最新報告中去掉了一些出現(xiàn)在2007年發(fā)布的報告中的預(yù)測。【解析】C).由嫉段可知，IPCC的最新報告中胴捧了一些較有把握的預(yù)測，IPCC也不能第頸測具體第料氣候變化會影響事些地區(qū).本題是該句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換.故選C).48. Oneofthele

24、ssonsbothIPCCandhistoryhastaughtUSisthatfutureneverappearsasyouexpectittobe.IPCC和歷史都曾教給我們的教訓(xùn)是，未來絕不會是你想象的那樣。I解析】D).根據(jù)來段茅爾,所說的話可知，IPCC和歷史收蛤我的的眾多知火之一就是未來從不會得是我們所期的那個樣子.本題是嫉句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換.故選D).49. TheIPCC'slatestreporthasweakenedmanyfirmerprojectionswrittenindieleakeddrafts.IPCC的最新報告淡化了許多在泄露的草案中出現(xiàn)的比較肯定的預(yù)測?！?/p>

25、集析】H),根據(jù)本段話可知，蕩的報告將泄露的草案中許多較為確定的港宮都淡化掉了,許多具體的影響也都翻掉了.本是對該句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換.故選H).50. TliefirstofIPCC'sthreeinstalmentshasfocusedonthecurrentclimateconditionsandthemainreasonfbithoseconditions.IPCC三期連載報告中的第一份主要講述當(dāng)前的氣候狀況以及出現(xiàn)這些情況的主要原因。1析】B).由讀段第二句和第三句可知.IPCC發(fā)布的第一份連0報告中主鬟涉及的是目的氣候狀況以及引起氣候變化的主要原因,即人類的溫室氣體排放.本也是對這兩句話的概括.故選B).51. Themostmipoitantthingfbrustodoistogetpeoplerich.我們要做的最重要的事情就是讓人們變得富有。I解析】M).由該段可知，由于貧困會使其催的影響變得更加怒劣，所以對我們耒說直要的事情是建出婁困.本題是對該句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換.故選M).«52. Sometimestheuncertaintyisjustabouttheextentofclimateeff