LP heater 低壓加熱器疏水及放氣系統(tǒng)課件

1、喀北電站汽機資料喀北電站汽機資料低壓加熱器疏水及放氣系統(tǒng)低壓加熱器疏水及放氣系統(tǒng) LP heater drainage water and air vent system低壓加熱器 LP heatern低壓加熱器介紹n低壓加熱器是在汽輪機回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)中，從汽輪機抽出一定數(shù)量作過部分功的蒸汽來加熱主凝結(jié)水的重要輔助設(shè)備。它是由水室，管系、殼體等組成的表面立式結(jié)構(gòu)。nLP heater is an important auxiliary equipment in steam turbine regenerative system, it heats the main condensate water

2、by extracting some steam that have done partial work in steam turbine. It is surface heating type and vertical structure composed by water chamber, pipeline, shells and other parts, n水室主要由水室筒體、水室封頭、主凝結(jié)水進(jìn)、出水管等組成。nWater chamber mainly consists of cylinder body, water chamber head, inlet and outlet wat

3、er pipes of main condensate water, etc.n殼體由殼體上部、筒體、封頭、水位警報器連接管 、液位計連接管、n壓差形成器連接管以及安全閥連接管等組成。nShell body consists of upper part, cylinder, head, connecting pipe of water level alarm, connecting pipe of level gauge, connecting pipe of differential pressure former and connecting pipe of safety valve, e

4、tc.n管系由管板、分隔板、骨架及長度不等的U型管等組成，冷卻水管材質(zhì)為：TP304不銹鋼管，不銹鋼管用脹焊法固定在管板上，冷卻水管管徑：160.9，管束的脹差因管子呈U型而自行補償。nPipe system consists of tube plate, partition board, U pipe with different frames and lengths and so on. Material of cooling pipe is: TP304 stainless steel pipe which is fixed on tube plate by means of expan

5、ded and welded tube joint. The diameter of cooling water pipe: 160.9, differential expansion of tube bank is compensated by itself because of its U shape.n主凝結(jié)水是由主凝結(jié)水進(jìn)口流入水室，然后進(jìn)入U型管，流經(jīng)幾個流程被蒸汽加熱后由主凝結(jié)水出口流出。蒸汽由殼體上部的蒸汽進(jìn)口流入，借中間管板做曲折流動同時被凝結(jié)成水，再由殼體下部的疏水口流出。少量不凝結(jié)氣體經(jīng)空氣抽出管抽出，排入凝汽器上部。nMain condensate water from

6、its inlet flows into water chamber, and then flows into U tube, then it is heated by steam in several flows, finally flows out from its outlet. Steam from its inlet at upper part of shell flows into middle tube plate in which it is turned into condensate water at the same time, and then flows out fr

7、om drain outlet at bottom of shell body. A little non-condensed air is bled out by air bleeding pipe, and then flows into upper part of condenser.名 稱 title單 位unitJD-200-27 type （JD1）JD-200-28 type（JD2）殼 程shell pass管 程pipe pass殼 程shell pass管 程pipe pass設(shè)計壓力design pressureMPa0.62.70.62.7最高工作壓力highest w

8、ork pressureMPa0.0289(a)2.20.0913(a)2.2設(shè)計溫度design temperature9080150120工作溫度work temperature70.263.399.492.1工作介質(zhì)work media/蒸汽steam水water蒸汽steam水water介質(zhì)流量media flowt/h11.19352.6218.24352.62流程 flow pass/6/6腐蝕裕度corrosion allowancemm1.251.251.251.25焊縫系數(shù)weld joint coefficient/0.850.850.850.85有效容積useful vo

9、lumem34.621.44.621.4傳熱面積heat transfer aream2/200/200 最大充水重量 full water weightt4.621.44.621.4名 稱 title單 位unitJD-200-29型（JD3）JD-200-33型（JD4）殼 程shell process管 程pipe process殼 程shell process管 程pipe process設(shè)計壓力design pressureMPa0.62.70.62.7最高工作壓力highest work pressureMPa0.2197(a)2.20.4223(a)2.2設(shè)計溫度design t

10、emperature200160200160工作溫度work temperature124.9118.2166.8140.6工作介質(zhì)work media/蒸汽steam水water蒸汽steam水water介質(zhì)流量media flowt/h17.39352.6215.47352.62流程pass/6/6腐蝕裕度corrosion allowance mm1.251.251.251.25焊縫系數(shù)weld joint coefficient/0.850.850.850.85有效容積useful volumem34.621.44.621.4傳熱面積heat transfer aream2/200/2

11、00 最大充水重量 full water weightt4.621.44.621.4高、低加熱器端差表（加熱器編號及數(shù)量按照抽汽壓力由高到低排列）高、低加熱器端差表（加熱器編號及數(shù)量按照抽汽壓力由高到低排列） ends difference of LP heater and HP heater (the heaters serial number and quantity are arranged according to the bleeding steam pressure from high to low.)加熱器號heater No.JG1JG2JD4JD5JD6JD7下端差（）low

12、er end difference （）005555低壓加熱器的操作 Operation of LP heatern 低壓加熱器投運：n1） 檢查并保證疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥，水位計，水位控制等的功能正常，測量計正常。n2） 檢查主抽汽閥和抽汽管道上的閥門以確保它們在正常的位置上。n3） 檢查蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥和進(jìn)水閥、出水閥，保證它們關(guān)閉。nPut LP heater into operation：n1） Check and ensure the functions of governing valve, water level meter and water level control, etc are no

13、rmal, and the meter is normal. n2） Check main steam bleeding valve and valves on steam bleeding pipes to ensure they are in the right positions .n3） Check steam inlet valve and water inlet and outlet valves to ensure they are closed.n4) 加熱器的啟動是在汽輪機帶一定負(fù)荷后投入運行，按其號數(shù)由低壓至高壓抽汽先后順序進(jìn)行。n5） 緩慢打開進(jìn)水閥門，開啟水室上的放氣閥

14、，待放氣閥向外溢水時將其關(guān)閉，然后緩慢開啟出水閥門。關(guān)閉旁路閥門。n6） 關(guān)閉疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥n7） 打開所有的空氣閥，讓殼體內(nèi)的空氣進(jìn)入凝汽器。n4) Startup of heaters are performed after turbine has a certain load; they are started according to the numerical order of steam bleeding sequence from LP to HP.n5） Slowly open the water inlet valve and open air vent valve on wat

15、er chamber. Close air vent valve after water overflows from it, and then slowly open water outlet valve and close bypass valve.n6） Close water drainage control valve.n7） Open all air valves to allow the air from the shell to enter in condenser.n8） 逐漸打開蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥對管道預(yù)暖，同時，打開疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥。n9） 在管被加熱后打開蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥，調(diào)節(jié)疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥保

16、持水在正常的水位。n10） 聯(lián)系熱工投入低加水位自動。n8） Open steam inlet valve gradually to warm up the heat-exchange pipe, at the same time open drainage control valve.n9） After heat-exchange pipe is heated up, open steam inlet valve, and adjust drainage control valve to maintain water level in the normal position.n10） Con

17、tact I &C personnel to put LP heater water level in auto position.運行期間注意事項 Notices during operation n1） 注意加熱器出口和下一個進(jìn)口之間的凝結(jié)水溫差，溫差表明旁路關(guān)閉是否良好。n2） 注意蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥，確保它完全打開。注意蒸汽進(jìn)口處和排汽分接口之間的差壓，差壓不應(yīng)該超過8%.n1） Pay attention to condensate temperature difference between heater outlet and the next inlet, and the tem

18、perature difference indicates that whether the bypass is closed well. n2） Pay attention to steam inlet valve and make sure it is fully opened. Pay attention to the pressure difference between steam inlet and exhaust sub-interface, and it should not exceed 8%.n3） 在正常的負(fù)載運行過程中，當(dāng)?shù)图又械目諝膺M(jìn)入凝汽器時，適當(dāng)打開閥門防止大量的

19、高壓蒸汽流入凝汽器，這將減少真空度，降低機組的熱效率。n4） 當(dāng)疏水水位上升時，打開疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥。當(dāng)全部打開閥門后水位繼續(xù)上升，緊急疏水閥應(yīng)該自動打開。當(dāng)緊急疏水閥打開后水位繼續(xù)上升，需要找出水位上升的原因。根據(jù)水位上升的原因，切除低加。n3） During the normal load operation, when air in LP heater enters in the condenser, open valve properly to prevent large amount of HP steam from entering condenser, and this will re

20、duce the vacuum degree and the heat efficiency of unit.n4） When drainage water level rises, open drainage governing valve. When the valve is opened widely, water level will rise continuously, and emergency drain valve should be opened automatically. If the emergency drain valve is opened, and the wa

21、ter level still rises, the reasons should be found out. Cut off LP heater according to the reasons that cause water level rising. 低壓加熱器的停用低壓加熱器的停用 Outage of LP heatern加熱器的停運是在汽輪機負(fù)荷降低到一定數(shù)值時，按其號數(shù)由高壓到低壓抽汽先后順序切斷n關(guān)閉低壓加熱器進(jìn)汽電動閥門。 n停水側(cè)。nFor the outage of heater, when turbine load drops to a certain value, c

22、ut off heaters according to the numerical order of steam bleeding sequence from HP to LP.nClose the steam admission motor-operated valve of LP heater nStop water side valve.n加熱器切斷后關(guān)閉抽氣管道上的閥門。n關(guān)閉加熱器凝結(jié)水疏水管道上的閥門。n若停下加熱器檢修時，應(yīng)開啟主凝結(jié)水管道上的旁路閥門，然后關(guān)閉加熱器的進(jìn)口和出口閥門。nAfter cutting off the heater, close the valves

23、on steam bleeding pipe.nClose the valves on condensate drainage pipe of heater.nWhen the heater is stopped for maintenance, open the bypass valve of main condensate pipe, and then close inlet and outlet valve of heater.低加的維護(hù)與保養(yǎng) Maintenance for LP heater n低壓加熱器運行中的檢查與維護(hù)n1） 應(yīng)經(jīng)常注意低加水位的變化，防止無水位或高水位運行。對筒

24、體為下部法蘭連接的低加，更應(yīng)特別注意防止水位在法蘭結(jié)合面附近大幅度波動。n2） 定期記錄或監(jiān)視低加的下述儀表指示：nA 水位計水位；nInspection and maintenance during the running of LP heater n1） Notice the water level change of LP heater frequently to avoid running without water level or with high water level. As for the shell of LP heater which connected by lowe

25、r flange, the water level should be paid special attention so as to prevent water level from violent fluctuation near the connection surface of flange. n2） Monitor and record the readings of the following instruments periodically. A.Water level of water level gauge nB 凝結(jié)水進(jìn)、出口溫度；nC 抽汽壓力、溫度、低加內(nèi)部汽壓nD 疏

26、水溫度nE 疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥開度。n3） 應(yīng)注意監(jiān)視處于關(guān)閉狀態(tài)的凝結(jié)水旁路閥是否泄漏。當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)由于凝結(jié)水旁路閥不嚴(yán)而使低加出口水溫下降時，應(yīng)及時消除旁路閥的泄漏。n4） 應(yīng)注意監(jiān)視和核對低加的端差（進(jìn)汽壓力下相應(yīng)的飽和溫度與出口水溫之差）當(dāng)端差增大時，應(yīng)及時分析原因，加以處理。nInlet and outlet temperatures of condensate water nBleed steam pressure and temperature; inner steam pressure of LP heater nDrain water temperature nOpening degree

27、 of drain water control valve nMonitor and check whether the closed condensate bypass valve leaks or not. If the outlet water temperature of LP heater is decreasing because of leakage of condensate bypass valve, the leakage should be stopped immediately. nMonitor and check up the terminal temperatur

28、e difference of LP heater (under pressure of inlet steam, temperature difference of saturated temperature and outlet water temperature). When terminal difference increases, find the reason and solve the problem. n5） 定期檢查并試驗疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥、危急疏水閥和抽汽逆止閥、進(jìn)汽閥的聯(lián)鎖裝置。n6） 定期沖洗水位計。檢查上下小閥門的通向是否正確，防止出現(xiàn)假水位。n5） Do periodic

29、al inspection and test for drain water control valve, emergency drain valve, bleed steam non-return valve and the interlock device of steam admission valve. n6） Flush water gauge periodically. Check whether the upper/lower flow directions of small valves are correct or not so as to prevent false wat

30、er level.n低壓加熱器的巡回檢查頻率n正常運行中，應(yīng)對高壓加熱器的水位，汽側(cè)壓力、溫度，水側(cè)壓力、溫度，疏水溫度、疏水閥的開度等，每1h或2h進(jìn)行檢查并作好記錄；其余項目應(yīng)做不定期檢查和維護(hù)n低壓加熱器停運后的維護(hù)與保養(yǎng)n1） 在運行中發(fā)現(xiàn)低加水位不正常而停用后，可采用向管束注水、汽側(cè)用水或空氣打壓等辦法來判斷管束是否泄露，并確定泄露部位。nPatrol inspection frequency for LP heater nDuring normal running, check and record the following parameters once per 1h or 2

31、 hours: water level of HP heater, steam side pressure and temperature, water side pressure and temperature, drain water temperature and opening degree of drain valve, etc. The rest parameters are not necessary for periodical inspection and maintenance. n Maintenance after the shutdown of LP heater n1） During running, if LP heater is stopped due to abnormal water level, judge whether