否定轉(zhuǎn)移的用法

1、 陽光家教網(wǎng) 高考英語學(xué)習(xí)資料否定轉(zhuǎn)移的用法1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。 I don”t think I know you.我想我并不認(rèn)識你。 I don” t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。 I hope you weren”t ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。 It doesn”t se

2、em that they know where to go. 看來他們不知道往哪去。 It doesn”t appear that we”ll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。3) 有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。 I don”t remember having ever seen such a man. 我記得從未見過這樣一個人。 (not否定動名詞短語 having) It”s not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on

3、the street. 在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)否定轉(zhuǎn)移用法總結(jié)Deep Rising English kenny128 （2006-03-11 12:52）有感于課文中一句話的理解）山東高唐一中 劉長友外研版的新課標(biāo)英語課本第二冊Module 1 “Zhou ai（）p2中有這樣一句話：I think I dont get these things because I take a lot of exercise and am very fit. 不少有學(xué)有基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生，其中包括一些老師，對這一個句子中，該不該用否定轉(zhuǎn)

4、移的句子，展開了激烈討論。下面我們有必要把有關(guān)否定轉(zhuǎn)移的用法深入弄清之后，再來回答這一問題。1在帶賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，如果主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine等表示“觀點、信念、推測”等心理活動的動詞時，否定謂語從句的not往往轉(zhuǎn)移到主句，成為“形式否定主句，意義否定從句”，這種語法現(xiàn)象就叫做否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如：I dont think he will come this afternoon.我認(rèn)為他今天下午不會來。I dont believe I have the pleasure of knowi

5、ng you.很遺憾，我并不認(rèn)識你。I dont guess that they have got married.我猜他們還沒有結(jié)婚。I dont expect they have finished the work.我料想他們還沒有完成工作。I dont suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad.我看他在國外學(xué)習(xí)幾年后不會回家鄉(xiāng)了。I dont feel you should go.我覺得你不應(yīng)該去。I didnt imagine that Tom would help her.我猜想湯

6、姆不會幫助她。2主句中的謂語動詞若與情態(tài)動詞或狀語連用時，不轉(zhuǎn)移否定。I cant believe that they are married.我真不敢相信他們結(jié)婚了。We cant believe that he turns an honest penny.我們不能相信他是用正當(dāng)手段掙錢。You mustnt think hes an honest person.你不可以認(rèn)為他是一個誠實的人。I didnt ever suppose that they were happy.我并不認(rèn)為他們是幸福的。但是，在帶有cant和couldnt的句子中，有時cant和couldnt帶有否定轉(zhuǎn)移的含義。

7、如：She cant seem to do it. (=She seems not to be able to do it.)她似乎不能做這件事。3當(dāng)think用在疑問句中時，不轉(zhuǎn)移否定。Why do you think I cant change your note?你為什么認(rèn)為我換不開你的鈔票呢？4由knew, fear, mean, I am afraid等動詞形式構(gòu)成的賓語從句中，其否定詞not，通常不進行否定轉(zhuǎn)移。當(dāng)然，這并不是說否定詞not不能否定以上動詞形式，而是說否定賓語從句和否定主句謂語動詞的意思不同。試比較：He knew you wouldnt tell on him.他

8、知道你不會出賣他。He didnt know you should tell on him.他沒想到你竟會出賣他。I mean you didnt do it right.我是說你做得不對。I dont mean you did it right.我并不是說你做的對。I am afraid that he wont threaten me with death.恐怕他不會以死來威脅我。I am not afraid that he will threaten me with death.我不怕他以死來威脅我。5動詞hope不可進行否定轉(zhuǎn)移。I hope it wont snow.我希望天不下雨

9、。I hope she doesnt dislike the flowers.我希望他不會討厭（會喜歡）這些花。6在下列幾種情況下，think的賓語從句中的否定詞通常不可前移到主句中：1） 賓語從句中有固定短語，如cant help, not at all, not only but also 等。I think everybody cant help laughing if they see it.我認(rèn)為，人們看到時會禁不住大笑。I think she is not only beautiful but also kind.我認(rèn)為，她不僅漂亮，而且善良。2） 賓語從句中not與just, e

10、nough, quite, much等副詞連用。如：I think you are not quite sure about it.我認(rèn)為，你們對這一點并不能完全肯定。I think shes not much like her mother.我覺得，她不怎么像她的母親。3） 賓語從句中含有no, nothing, never, nobody等。如：I think she has never been there.我認(rèn)為，她從未去過那里。4） think本身有其他詞修飾或與其他動詞構(gòu)成并列謂語。如：I sometimes think he is not an honest man.我有時認(rèn)為她

11、并不誠實。I do think you shouldnt hurt her.我的確認(rèn)為你不該傷害她。I think and hope that Im not disturbing you so much.我認(rèn)為，也希望，我不太打擾你。5）think以過去時、完成時等出現(xiàn)，則不一定要求否定前移。如：I was thinking that he wouldnt succeed.我在想他不會成功。I thought you didnt marry her.我原以為你不會與她結(jié)婚。I had thought he wouldnt come.我愿意為他不會來呢。但是，在現(xiàn)代英語中，為了使語氣柔和，過去時

12、態(tài)的句子中偶爾也可見到這種否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如：I dont think this man would want to hurt me.我想，這個人不會傷害我。6）think的主語不是I或we，而是其它人稱。如：They think she will not come.他們認(rèn)為她不會來。7在現(xiàn)代英語中，下面兩句都可以說：I dont think he will succeed.I think he wont succeed.我認(rèn)為他不會成功。我想，我們探討完有關(guān)否定轉(zhuǎn)移的用法之后，師生就可為這句話的爭議也該就此為止了吧。因為語言現(xiàn)象是變化多樣的，我們沒有必要把所有的語言現(xiàn)象都要從語法的角度去衡量，而是

13、應(yīng)該從發(fā)展的角度對待現(xiàn)代語言，只要在現(xiàn)實生活中真實再現(xiàn)語言情景的句子，不管它是否符合語法，那都是合乎情理的。畢竟語法是為語言服務(wù)的，現(xiàn)實的句子是無法用全部語法來解釋的分類歸納1not+think，believe，suppose，imagine+thatclause（that 從句）在這種句式中，not從賓語從句的謂語動詞的前面，轉(zhuǎn)移到了主句謂語動詞think，believe，suppose等的前面。即（否定前移）例如：e.g.：I'm sorry，but I don't think I know you對不起，我想我并不認(rèn)識你。e.g.：I don't believe

14、he'll come我想他是不會來的。這類句子后面的反意疑問句更能準(zhǔn)確地說明not的否定范圍。如：I don't think you've met Xiao Xin，have you？我想你沒遇見小新，對嗎？在初中范疇，做這類否定轉(zhuǎn)移的反義疑問句的竅門：例句：I don't think you've met Xiao Xin（改成反義疑問句）步驟1：將否定轉(zhuǎn)移掉，原句變?yōu)椋篒 think you haven't met Xiao Xin.步驟2：把I think 無視掉，原句變?yōu)椋篩ou haven't met Xiao Xin .步驟3

15、：按照一般方法，后面加上：have you ?上述做題方法在初中范圍內(nèi)95%是能用的。2notbecause（of）這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的 not否定的是后面 because引導(dǎo)的從句或 because of引起的介詞短語。也就是說，not從because（of）的前面轉(zhuǎn)移到了主句或整個句子的謂語動詞的前面。例如：He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so他并不只是因為亞里士多德說過某事如何如何，就輕易相信它。I didn't take a raincoat because it was raining

16、我不是因為下著雨才帶雨衣的。3not+動詞不定式或介詞短語在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們實際上是將否定后面不定式的not轉(zhuǎn)移到了謂語動詞上。如：Jack does not seem to like you（= Jack seems not to like you）杰克看來不喜歡你。He didn't take the boy from the tracks to safety to win his own famebut to be nefit the boy's parents他把男孩從鐵軌上抱到安全地帶，不是為了獲得個人的名譽，而是為了孩子的父母。He didn't come

17、here by train他不是乘火車來的。4.never know.You never know how indebted I am for your kindest care and your warmest support.我非常感激你對我無微不至的關(guān)心和最強大的支持。形式與用法謂語的否定轉(zhuǎn)移形式上否定主句的謂語，實際上是否定從句的謂語當(dāng)動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel的主語是第一人稱、謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時，它們的否定式實際上是對賓語從句的否定。表示說話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。如：I think tha

18、t he will help us. I dont think that he will help us. 我認(rèn)為它不會幫助我們。I believe that he is right. I dont believe that he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對。I suppose that he likes it. I dont suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜歡它。2. 形式上否定謂語動詞，實際上否定復(fù)合賓語當(dāng)動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel, find的主語是第一人稱、謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修

19、飾的一般現(xiàn)在時，它們前面的否定式實際上是對復(fù)合賓語的否定。表示說話者所提出的一種委婉的看法或主張。如：I think math difficult. I dont think math difficult. 我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)不難。I find the story interesting. I dont find the story interesting. 我認(rèn)為這個故事沒有趣。I expect so. I dont expect so. 我認(rèn)為不會。狀語的否定轉(zhuǎn)移有些句子形式上否定謂語動詞，實際上是對句子后面狀語進行否定。如：Lets not talk about it here. 我們別在這里談

20、吧。Dont read in the sun. 不要在陽光下看書。Dont talk with your mouth full of food. 不要口里含著食物說話。2注意動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel在下列情況下，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移：(1) 這些動詞跟其他另一個動詞一起做并列謂語時，如：I believe and hope he wont do that. 我相信并且也希望他將不會那樣做。I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我覺得并且也承認(rèn)我們并不愚蠢。(2) 用于疑問句時，如：Do

21、you think it is not going to rain? 你認(rèn)為天不會下雨嗎？Dont you believe that he has done a good thing? 難道你不相信他做了一件好事？(3) 用作插入語時，如：Li Lei, I think, wont be angry with you. 我想李蕾不會生你的氣。Tom, I suppose, wont be against it. 我猜想湯姆不會反對。Mike, I believe, hasnt seen the film. 我認(rèn)為邁克沒有看這場電影。(4) 動詞前有其他副詞修飾時，如：I really thin

22、k its not necessary for us to go there now. 我的確不認(rèn)為我們有必要去那兒。I feel strongly that he shouldnt do such a thing. 我強烈地認(rèn)為他不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。(5) 動詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時或主語不是第一人稱時，如：I thought that he wouldnt come back soon. 我原以為他不會回來得這么快。She didnt believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信他變成了一個好孩子。He thinks that he isnt fit for the

23、 job. 他認(rèn)為他不適合這件工作。He doesnt believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我們告訴他的事是真的。(6) 當(dāng)賓語從句中含的否定為notat all, not a little, not a few, not enough, cant help等固定搭配時，如：I think that he doesnt know it at all. 我想他對那一點也不知道。I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the languag

24、e well. 我認(rèn)為如果你想把這門語言學(xué)好，那么只記單詞是不夠的。I believe that you cant help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信當(dāng)你在奧運會上獲得第一名時你會情不自禁地唱起國歌來。(7) 當(dāng)賓語從句中含no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few等否定詞或半否詞時，如：I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想

25、任何事情也不能使我放棄。I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我認(rèn)為如果這艘船沉入海底的話，那么誰也逃不掉。I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一個言語不多的人。經(jīng)典例句1在帶賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，如果主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine等表示“觀點、信念、推測”等心理活動的動詞時，否定謂語從句的not往往轉(zhuǎn)移到主句，成為“形式否定主句，意義否定從句”，這種語

26、法現(xiàn)象就叫做否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如：I dont think he will come this afternoon.我認(rèn)為他今天下午不會來。I dont believe I have the pleasure of knowing you.很遺憾，我并不認(rèn)識你。I dont guess that they have got married.我猜他們還沒有結(jié)婚。I dont expect they have finished the work.我料想他們還沒有完成工作。I dont suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of s

27、tudy abroad.我看他在國外學(xué)習(xí)幾年后不會回家鄉(xiāng)了。I dont feel you should go.我覺得你不應(yīng)該去。I didnt imagine that Tom would help her.我猜想湯姆不會幫助她。2主句中的謂語動詞若與情態(tài)動詞或狀語連用時，不轉(zhuǎn)移否定。I cant believe that they are married.我真不敢相信他們結(jié)婚了。We cant believe that he turns an honest penny.我們不能相信他是用正當(dāng)手段掙錢。You mustnt think hes an honest person.你不可以認(rèn)為他

28、是一個誠實的人。I didnt ever suppose that they were happy.我并不認(rèn)為他們是幸福的。但是，在帶有cant和couldnt的句子中，有時cant和couldnt帶有否定轉(zhuǎn)移的含義。如：She cant seem to do it. (=She seems not to be able to do it.)她似乎不能做這件事。3當(dāng)think用在疑問句中時，不轉(zhuǎn)移否定。Why do you think I cant change your note?你為什么認(rèn)為我換不開你的鈔票呢？4由knew, fear, mean, I am afraid等動詞形式構(gòu)成的賓

29、語從句中，其否定詞not，通常不進行否定轉(zhuǎn)移。當(dāng)然，這并不是說否定詞not不能否定以上動詞形式，而是說否定賓語從句和否定主句謂語動詞的意思不同。試比較：He knew you wouldnt tell on him.他知道你不會出賣他。He didnt know you should tell on him.他沒想到你竟會出賣他。I mean you didnt do it right.我是說你做得不對。I dont mean you did it right.我并不是說你做的對。I am afraid that he wont threaten me with death.恐怕他不會以死來威脅我。I am not afraid that he will threaten me with death.我不怕他以死來威脅我。5動詞hope不可進行否定轉(zhuǎn)移。I hope it wont snow.我希望天不下雨。I hope she doesnt dislike the flowers.我希望她不會討厭（會喜歡）這些花。6在下列幾種情況下，think的賓語從句中的否定詞通常不可前移到主句中：1） 賓語從句中有固定短語，如cant help, not at al