(完整版)化工常用英語詞匯

1、化工專業(yè)英語詞匯化學(xué)專業(yè)課程中英文對照一、化工裝置常用詞匯一概論introduction方案 (建議書 )proposal可行性研究feasibility study方案設(shè)計concept design工藝設(shè)計process design基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計basic design詳細(xì)設(shè)計detail design開工會議kick-off meeting審核會議review meeting外商投資foreign investment中外合資joint venture中外合營joint venture補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易compensation trade合同 合同附件contract賣方vendor買方buyer顧客

2、client承包商contractor工程公司company供應(yīng)范圍scope of supply生產(chǎn)范圍production scope生產(chǎn)能力production capacity項目project界區(qū)battery limit裝置plant公用工程utilities工藝流程圖process flow diagram工藝流程方塊圖process block diagram管道及儀表流程圖piping and instrument drawing物料及熱量平衡圖mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡圖steam & condensate bal

3、ance diagram設(shè)備布置圖equipment layout設(shè)備表equipment list成品 (產(chǎn)品 )product(final product)副產(chǎn)品by-product原料raw-material設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)basic data for design技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)technical data數(shù)據(jù)表data sheet設(shè)計文件design document設(shè)計規(guī)定design regulation現(xiàn)場服務(wù)site service項目變更project change用戶變更client change消耗定額consumption quota技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓technical transfer技

4、術(shù)知識technical know-howtechnical knowledge技術(shù)保證technical guarantee咨詢服務(wù)consultative services技術(shù)服務(wù)technical services工作地點location施工現(xiàn)場construction field報價quotation標(biāo)書bidding book公司利潤company profit固定價合同fixed price contract固定單價合同fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同cost plus award fee contract定金mobilization銀行保證書ban

5、k guarantee letter保留金retention所得稅income taxes特別承包人稅special contractor's taxes城市和市政稅city and municipal taxes工作手冊work manual工作流程圖work flow diagram質(zhì)量保證程序QA/QC procedures采購計劃procurement plan施工計劃construction plan施工進(jìn)度construction schedule項目實施計劃project execution plan項目協(xié)調(diào)程序project coordination procedure

6、項目總進(jìn)度計劃project master schedule設(shè)計網(wǎng)絡(luò)計劃engineering network logic項目質(zhì)量保證project quality assurance項目質(zhì)量控制project quality control采購procurement采購周期procurement period會簽the squad check計算書calculation sheets詢價inquiry檢驗inspection運輸transportation開車start up / commission驗收inspection & acceptance校核check審核review審定

7、approve版次version部門department專業(yè)specialty項目號project number圖號drawing number目錄contents序言foreword章chapter節(jié)section項itemMRmaterial requisitionSPECengineering specificationDATA SHEET （技術(shù)表）technical data sheetTBA( 技術(shù)評標(biāo)）technical bid analysisPDPpreliminary design packagePM ( 項目經(jīng)理 )project managerLDE( 專業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人 )l

8、ead discipline engineerMRQ( 材料詢價單 )Material requisition for quotationMRP( 材料采購單 )material requisition for purchaseBEP(基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)計包 )basic engineering packageP&ID( 管道及儀表流程圖 )piping and instrument drawing(diagram)PFDprocess flow diagramNNFnormally no flowFOfailure openFCfailure closeC/S/Acivil/structur

9、e/architectureDDP（詳細(xì)設(shè)計階段）detail design phase二、工藝流程連續(xù)過程間歇過程工藝敘述工藝特點操作反應(yīng)副反應(yīng)絮凝浮洗傾析催化反應(yīng)萃取中和水解過濾干燥還原氧化氫化分解離解合成吸收吸附解吸結(jié)晶continuous processbatch processprocess descriptionprocess featureoperationreactionside reactionflocculationflotationdecantationcatalytical reactionextractionneutralizationhydrolysisfiltra

10、tiondryingreductionoxidationhydrogenationdecompositiondissociationsyntheticsabsorptionadsorptiondesorptioncrystallization溶解solution調(diào)節(jié)modulate控制control懸浮suspension循環(huán)circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation瀝取leaching破碎crushing煅燒caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation氣化gasification冷凍refrigeration固化、結(jié)

11、晶solidification包裝package升華sublimation燃燒combustion引燒ignition蒸餾distillation碳化carbonization壓縮compression三、化學(xué)物質(zhì)及特性固體solid液體liquid氣體gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片狀粉未flake小粒結(jié)晶乳化物氧化物還原劑有機(jī)物真空母液富液貧液萃出物萃余物絮凝劑冷凍鹽水酸度濃度堿度溶解度凝固點沸點熔點蒸發(fā)率粘度吸水的無水的外觀無色的透明的半透明的密度granulecrystalemulsionoxidizing agentreducing agentorga

12、nic materialvacuummaster liquorrich liquorlean liquorextractraffinateflocculantsbrineacidityconcentrationalkalinitysolubilitysolidificalion pointboiling pointmelting pointevaporation rateviscositywater absorbent(a)anhydrous(a)appearancecolorless(a)transparent(a)translucentdensity比重specific gravity催化

13、劑catalyst燃燒combustion引燃ignition自然點self-ignition temperature可燃?xì)怏wcombustible gas可燃液體inflammable liquid易燃液體volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性環(huán)境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸極限explosive concentration limit廢水waste water廢液waste liquid廢氣off-gas噪聲noise pollution成分composition撓度deflection力和力矩force

14、and moment彎矩bending moment應(yīng)力 -應(yīng)變曲線stress-strain diagram百分比percentage環(huán)境溫度ambient temperature工作溫度operating設(shè)計溫度design temperature(pressure)相對濕度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge雜質(zhì)impurity四、化工設(shè)備泵pump軸流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump渦輪泵turbine pump渦流泵vortex pump離心泵centrifugal pum

15、p噴射泵jet pump轉(zhuǎn)子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump雙作用往復(fù)泵double action reciprocating pump計量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齒輪泵gear pump手搖泵hand(wobble) pump螺桿泵screw (spiral) pump潛水泵submersible pump斜轉(zhuǎn)子泵inclined rotor pump封閉式電磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump氣升泵air-lift-pump軸承bearing葉輪impeller虹吸管siphon高壓容器

16、high pressure vessel焚化爐incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工業(yè)爐furnace燒嘴burner鍋爐boiler回轉(zhuǎn)窯rotary kiln加熱器heater電加熱器electric heater冷卻器cooler冷凝器condenser換熱器heat exchanger反應(yīng)器reactor蒸餾釜still攪拌器agitator混合器mixer靜態(tài)混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎機(jī)crusher磨碎機(jī)grinder研磨機(jī)pulverizer球磨機(jī)ballmill過濾器filter分離

17、器separator干燥器drier翅片fins煙囪stack火炬flare篩子screen煅燒窯calciner傾析器decanter蒸發(fā)器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor離心機(jī)centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber結(jié)晶器crystallizer電解槽electrolyzer電除塵器electric precipitator洗滌器scrubber消石灰器slaker料倉bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分級器classifier浮洗器flocculator廢液池sump噴射器ejector噴頭

18、sprayer成套設(shè)備package unit儀器設(shè)備apparatus附屬設(shè)備accessory旋轉(zhuǎn)式壓縮機(jī)rotary compressor往復(fù)式壓縮機(jī)reciprocating compressor水環(huán)式壓縮機(jī)nash compressor螺桿式壓縮機(jī)helical screw compressor離心式壓縮機(jī)centrifugal compressor多級壓縮機(jī)mutiple stages compressor固定床反應(yīng)器fixed bed reactor流化床反應(yīng)器fluidized bed reactor管式反應(yīng)器tubular reactor列管式換熱器tubular heat

19、exchanger螺旋板式換熱器spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗滌塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷卻塔cooling tower精餾塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液體分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升氣管chimney頂( 底) 層塔盤top

20、 (bottom) tray擋板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap篩板sieve plate浮閥float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt橢圓封頭elliptical head高位槽head tank中間槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank補(bǔ)給槽make-up tank計量槽measuring tank電解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分離器knockout drum稀釋罐thinning tank緩沖罐surge drum回流罐r(nóng)eflux drum閃蒸罐flash

21、 drum浮頂罐floating roof tank內(nèi)浮頂罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid氣柜gas holder濕式氣柜wet gas-holder干式氣柜dry gas-holder螺旋式氣柜helical gas-holder星型放料器 ,旋轉(zhuǎn)閥rotary valve抽濾器mutche filter壓濾器filter press壓濾機(jī)pressure filter板框壓濾器plate-and-fram filter press轉(zhuǎn)鼓過濾器rotary drum filter帶式過濾器belt filter翻盤式過濾器袋濾器bag filter旋風(fēng)

22、分離器cyclone separator盤式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回轉(zhuǎn)干燥器rotary drier穿流循環(huán)干燥器through circulation drier噴霧干燥器spray drier氣流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圓盤式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder顎式破碎機(jī)jaw crusher回轉(zhuǎn)破碎機(jī)gyratory crusher滾洞破碎機(jī)roll crusher錘式破碎機(jī)hammer crusher沖擊破碎機(jī)rotor impac

23、t breaker氣流噴射粉碎機(jī)jet pulverizer棍磨機(jī)rod mill雷蒙機(jī)raymond mill錘磨機(jī)hammer mill輥磨機(jī)roller mill振動篩vibrating screen回轉(zhuǎn)篩rotary screen風(fēng)機(jī)fan羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)root's blower起重機(jī)crane橋式起重機(jī)bridge crane電動葫蘆motor hoist發(fā)電機(jī)generator電動機(jī)motor汽輪機(jī)steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering1 閥門valve閥桿stem內(nèi)螺紋閥桿inside screw閥座valve seat (body sea

24、t)閥座環(huán)、密封圈sealing ring閥芯 (包括密封圈 ,桿等 )trim閥盤disc閥體body閥蓋bonnet手輪hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)壓蓋gland閘閥gate valve平行雙閘板double disc parallel seat楔形單閘板split wedge截止閥globe valve節(jié)流閥throttle valve針閥needle valve角閥 (角式截止閥)angle valveY 型閥 (截止閥)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球閥ball valve三通球閥3-way ball valve蝶閥butte

25、rfly valve對夾式 (薄片型 )wafer type偏心閥板蝶閥offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜閥盤蝶閥canted disc butterfly valve連桿式蝶閥link butterfly valve止回式蝶閥combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞閥piston type valve旋塞閥plug valve三通旋塞閥three-way plug valve四通旋塞閥four-way plug valve旋塞cock襯套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜閥diaphragm valve橡膠襯里隔膜閥

26、rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜閥straight way diaphragm valve夾緊式膠管閥pinch valve止回閥check valve升降式止回閥lift check valve旋啟式止回閥swing check valve落球式止回閥ball check valve彈簧球式止回閥spring ball check valve底閥foot valve切斷式止回閥stop check valve活塞式止回閥piston check valve翻板止回閥flap check valve蝶式止回閥butterfly check valve安全泄氣閥

27、safetySV安全泄放閥relief valveRV安全泄壓閥safety relief valve杠桿重錘式lever and weight type罐底排污閥flush-bottom tank valve波紋管密封閥bellow sealed valve電磁閥solenoid (operated) valve電動閥electrically(electric-motor)operated valve氣動閥pneumatic operated valve低溫用閥cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水閥steam trap機(jī)械式疏水閥mechanical trap浮桶式疏水閥o

28、pen (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水閥float trap倒吊桶式疏水閥inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水閥loose float trap恒溫式疏水閥thermostatic trap壓力平衡式恒溫疏水閥balanced pressure thermostatic trap熱動力式疏水閥thermodynamic trap脈沖式蒸汽疏水閥impulse steam trap放汽閥 (自動放汽閥)(automatic) air vent valve換向閥diverting (reversing) valve呼吸閥breather valve減壓閥pressu

29、re reducing valve控制閥control valve執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)actuator差壓調(diào)節(jié)閥differential pressure regulating valve切斷閥block (shut-off, stop) valve調(diào)節(jié)閥regulating valve快開閥quick opening valve快閉閥quick closing valve隔斷閥isolating valve三通閥three way valve夾套閥jacketed valve非旋轉(zhuǎn)式閥non-rotary valve2 管子 ,管件 ,法蘭管子pipe(按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制造的配管用管)tube(不按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格制造的

30、其它用管)鋼管steel pipe鑄鐵管cast iron pipe襯里管lined pipe復(fù)合管clad pipe碳鋼管carbon steelC.S.pipe合金鋼管alloy steel pipe不銹鋼管stainless steelS.S.pipe奧氏體不銹鋼管austenitic stainless steel pipe鐵合金鋼管ferritic alloy steel pipe軋制鋼管wrought-steel pipe鍛鐵管wrought-iron pipe無縫鋼管seamlessSMLS steel pipe焊接鋼管welded steel pipe電阻焊鋼管electric

31、-resistance-welded steel pipe電熔 (弧 )焊鋼板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接鋼管spiral welded steel pipe鍍鋅鋼管galvanized steel pipe排污閥blowdown valve集液排放閥drip valve排液閥drain valve放空閥vent valve卸載閥unloading valve排出閥discharge valve吸入閥suction valve取樣閥sampling valve手動閥hand operated(manually-operat

32、ed) valve(水)龍頭bibb;bib;faucet抽出液閥 (小閥 )bleed valve旁路閥by-pass valve軟管閥hose valve混合閥mixing valve破真空閥vacuum breaker沖洗閥flush valve根部閥root (primary, header) valve水煤氣鋼管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡膠管rubber tube壁厚wall thicknessWT壁厚系列號schedule numberSCH.NO.加厚的 ,加強(qiáng)的extra heavy (strong)雙倍加

33、厚的 ,雙倍加強(qiáng)的double extra heavy (strong)彎頭elbow異徑彎頭reducing elbow長半徑彎頭long radius elbow短半徑彎頭short radius elbow長半徑 180°彎頭long radius return短半徑 180°彎頭short radius return三通tee異徑三通reducing tee等徑三通straight tee帶支座三通base tee45°斜三通45 lateral°Y 型三通true"Y"四通cross異徑管reducer同心異徑管concen

34、tric reducer偏心異徑管eccentric reducer管接頭coupling;full coupling活接頭union短管nipple預(yù)制彎管fabricated pipe bendU 型彎管"U"bend法蘭端flanged end萬向接頭universal joint對焊的butt weldedBW螺紋的threadedTHD承插焊的socket weldedSW法蘭flangeFLG整體管法蘭integral pipe flange鋼管法蘭steel pipe flange螺紋法蘭threaded flange滑套法蘭slip-on flange平焊法

35、蘭slip-on-welding flange承插焊法蘭socket welding flange松套法蘭lap joint flangeLJF對焊法蘭weld neck flangeWNF法蘭蓋blind flange;blind異徑法蘭reducing flange壓力級pressure rating(class)突面raised faceRF凸面male face凹面female face全平面 ;滿平面flat face;full faceFF3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗濾器strainer過濾器filter臨時過濾器temporary strainer(cone

36、 type)Y 型過濾器Y-type strainerT 型過濾器T-type strainer永久過濾器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower視鏡sight glass阻火器flame arrester噴咀 ;噴頭spray nozzle噴射器ejector取樣冷卻器sample cooler消音器silencer膨脹節(jié)expansion joint波紋膨脹節(jié)bellow補(bǔ)償器compensator軟管接頭hose connectionHC快速接頭quick coupling金屬軟管metal hose橡膠管rubber hose撓性管fle

37、xible tube特殊法蘭special flange漏斗funnel8 字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素鋼carbon steel C.S.不銹鋼stainless steelS.S.鑄鐵cast ironC.I.鋁aluminum銅,紫銅copper鈦titanium抗拉強(qiáng)度tensile strength非金屬材料non-metallic material塑料陶瓷搪瓷玻璃橡膠墊片plasticceramicporcelain enamelglassrubbergasketGSKT平墊片flat gasket填料pa

38、cking型鋼shaped steel角鋼angle steel槽鋼channel工字鋼I-beam寬緣工字鋼或H 鋼wide flanged beam扁鋼flat bar圓鋼round steel; rod鋼帶strap steel網(wǎng)絡(luò)鋼板checkered plate材料表bill of materialBOM材料統(tǒng)計material take-offMTO散裝材料bulk material綜合管道材料表consolidated piping material summarysheetCPMSS匯總表summary sheet5.設(shè)備布置及管道設(shè)計中心線center line裝置邊界bou

39、ndary limitBL區(qū)界area limit設(shè)備布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan標(biāo)高 ,立面elevationEL支撐點point of supportPOS工廠北向plant north方位orientation危險區(qū)hazardous area classification凈正吸入壓頭net positive suction head絕對標(biāo)高absolute elevation坐標(biāo)coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement planPAP管道布置piping assembly

40、; layout詳圖detail"X" 視圖view "X""A-A"剖視section "A-A"軸測圖isometric drawing索引圖key plan管道及儀表流程圖piping and instrument diagramP&ID管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管線號line number總管header; manifold旁路by pass常開normally open常閉normally closed取樣接口sampling connection伴熱管tracing pipe蒸汽伴熱steam tracing熱水伴熱hot-water tracing電伴熱el