(完整版)喬布斯演講：大智若愚,求知若渴

1、Stay hungry, stay foolish.Thank you. I'm honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, I never graduated from college and this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.Today I want to tell you three stories

2、from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots.I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months but then stayed around as a drop-in for another eighteen months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I w

3、as born. My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife, except that when I popped out, they de

4、cided at the last minute that theyreallywanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, "We've got an unexpected baby boy. Do you want him?" They said, "Of course." My biological mother found out later that my mother had

5、 never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would go to college.This was the start in my life. And seventeen years later, I did go to college

6、, but I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea of how college was goin

7、g to help me figure it out, and here I was, spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back, it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out, I co

8、uld stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting.It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms. I returned Coke bottles for the five-cent deposits to buy food

9、 with, and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example .Reed College at that t

10、ime offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer was第 1頁總 7頁beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how

11、to do this. I learned about serif and sans-serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.None of

12、this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me, and we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in

13、college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts, and since Windows just copied the Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them.If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class and personals computers might

14、not have the wonderful typography that they do.Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college, but it was very, very clear looking backwards 10 years later. Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward. You can only connect them looking backwards, so y

15、ou have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something-your gut, destiny, life, karma,whatever-because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and

16、that will make all the difference.My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky. I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents' garage when I was twenty. We worked hard and in ten years, Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion

17、 company with over 4,000 employees. We'd just released our finest creation, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and I'd just turned thirty, and then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew, we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the comp

18、any with me, and for the first year or so, things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge, and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our board of directors sided with him, and so at thirty, I was out, and very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult li

19、fe was gone, and it was devastating. I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down, that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so

20、badly. I was a very public failure and I even thought about running away from the Valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me. I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I'd been rejected but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.第 2頁總

21、7頁I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative per

22、iods in my life. During the next five years I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world's first computer-animated feature film, "Toy Story," and is now the most successful

23、 animation studio in the world.In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT and I returned to Apple and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance, and Lorene and I have a wonderful family together.I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened

24、if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful-tasting medicine but I guess the patient needed it.Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find wh

25、at you love, and that is as true for work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep lo

26、oking, and don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it, and like any great relationship it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don't settle.My third story is about death. When I was 17 I read a quote that went something like

27、 "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I

28、 am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "no" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important thing I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life, because almost everything-

29、all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure-these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already na

30、ked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.About a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurab

31、le, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors' code for "prepare to die." It means to try and tell your kids everything you thought you'd have第 3頁總 7頁the next ten years to tell

32、them, in just a few months. It means to make sure that everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stoma

33、ch into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope, the doctor started crying, because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable

34、with surgery. I had the surgery and, thankfully, I am fine now.This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intell

35、ectual concept. No one wants to die, even people who want to go to Heaven don't want to die to get there, and yet, death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. It's life's c

36、hange agent; it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now, the new is you. But someday, not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it's quite true. Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's li

37、fe. Don't be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice, heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.When I was yo

38、ung, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalogue, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stuart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late Sixties, before personal computer

39、s and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. it was sort of like Google in paperback form thirty-five years before Google came along. It was idealistic, overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stuart and his team put out several issues of the

40、The Whole Earth Catalogue, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-Seventies and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurou

41、s. Beneath were the words, "Stay hungry, stay foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. "Stay hungry, stay foolish." And I have always wished that for myself, and now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. Stay hungry, stay foolish.Thank you all, v

42、ery much.第 4頁總 7頁大智若愚，求知若渴謝謝大家。很榮幸能和你們， 來自世界最好大學(xué)之一的畢業(yè)生們， 一塊兒參加畢業(yè)典禮。 老實說，我大學(xué)沒有畢業(yè)， 今天恐怕是我一生中離大學(xué)畢業(yè)最近的一次了。今天我想告訴大家來自我生活的三個故事。 沒什么大不了的， 只是三個故事而已。第一個故事，如何串連生命中的點滴。我在里得大學(xué)讀了六個月就退學(xué)了，但是在十八個月之后 - 我真正退學(xué)之前，我還常去學(xué)校。 為何我要選擇退學(xué)呢？這還得從我出生之前說起。 我的生母是一個年輕、未婚的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生， 她決定讓別人收養(yǎng)我。 她有一個很強烈的信仰，認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該被一個大學(xué)畢業(yè)生家庭收養(yǎng)。于是，一對律師夫婦說好了要領(lǐng)養(yǎng)我

43、，然而最后一秒鐘， 他們改變了主意， 決定要個女孩兒。 然后我的排在收養(yǎng)人名單中的養(yǎng)父母在一個深夜接到電話，“很意外，我們多了一個男嬰，你們要嗎？”“當(dāng)然要！ ”但是我的生母后來又發(fā)現(xiàn)我的養(yǎng)母沒有大學(xué)畢業(yè)， 養(yǎng)父連高中都沒有畢業(yè)。 她拒絕在領(lǐng)養(yǎng)書上簽字。 幾個月后，我的養(yǎng)父母保證會讓我上大學(xué)，她妥協(xié)了。這是我生命的開端。 十七年后，我上大學(xué)了， 但是我很無知地選了一所差不多和斯坦福一樣貴的學(xué)校， 幾乎花掉我那藍(lán)領(lǐng)階層養(yǎng)父母一生的積蓄。 六個月后，我覺得不值得。我看不出自己以后要做什么， 也不曉得大學(xué)會怎樣幫我指點迷津，而我卻在花銷父母一生的積蓄。 所以我決定退學(xué)， 并且相信沒有做錯。 一開始非

44、常嚇人，但回憶起來， 這卻是我一生中作的最好的決定之一。 從我退學(xué)的那一刻起，我可以停止一切不感興趣的必修課，開始旁聽那些有意思得多的課。事情并不那么美好。我沒有宿舍可住，睡在朋友房間的地上。為了吃飯，我收集五分一個的舊可樂瓶，每個星期天晚上步行七英里到哈爾 - 克里什納廟里改善一下一周的伙食。 我喜歡這種生活方式。 能夠遵循自己的好奇和直覺前行后來被證明是多么的珍貴。讓我來給你們舉個例子吧。當(dāng)時的里得大學(xué)提供可能是全國最好的書法指導(dǎo)。 校園中每一張海報， 抽屜上的每一張標(biāo)簽，都是漂亮的手寫體。由于我已退學(xué)，不用修那些必修課，我決定選一門書法課上上。在這門課上，我學(xué)會了“ serif ”和 &

45、quot;sans-serif" 兩種字體、學(xué)會了怎樣在不同的字母組合中改變字間距、學(xué)會了怎樣寫出好的字來。這是一種科學(xué)無法捕捉的微妙， 楚楚動人、 充滿歷史底蘊和藝術(shù)性， 我覺得自己被完全吸引了。當(dāng)時我并不指望書法在以后的生活中能有什么實用價值。 但是，十年之后，我們在設(shè)計第一臺 Macintosh 計算機時，它一下子浮現(xiàn)在我眼前。于是，我們把這些東西全都設(shè)計進了計算機中。這是第一臺有這么漂亮的文字版式的計算機。要不是我當(dāng)初在大學(xué)里偶然選了這么一門課， Macintosh 計算機絕不會有那么多種印刷字體或間距安排合理的字號。要不是 Windows 照搬了 Macintosh ，個人

46、電腦可能不會有這些字體和字號。要不是退了學(xué)， 我決不會碰巧選了這門書法課， 個人電腦也可能不會有現(xiàn)在這些漂亮的版式了。第 5頁總 7頁當(dāng)然，我在大學(xué)里不可能從這一點上看到它與將來的關(guān)系。 十年之后再回頭看，兩者之間關(guān)系就非常、 非常清楚了。 你們同樣不可能從現(xiàn)在這個點上看到將來；只有回頭看時，才會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間的關(guān)系。所以你必須相信，那些點點滴滴，會在你未來的生命里， 以某種方式串聯(lián)起來。 你必須相信一些東西 - 你的勇氣、宿命、生活、因緣，隨便什么 - 因為相信這些點滴能夠一路連接會給你帶來循從本覺的自信，它使你走離平凡，變得與眾不同。第二個故事是關(guān)于愛與失的。 我很幸運。很早就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡做

47、的事情。 我二十歲的時候就和沃茨在父母的車庫里開創(chuàng)了蘋果公司。 我們工作得很努力， 十年后，蘋果公司成長為擁有四千名員工， 價值二十億的大公司。 我們只是推出了最好的創(chuàng)意， Macintosh 操作系統(tǒng)，在這之前的一年，也就是我剛過三十歲，我被解雇了。你怎么可能被一個親手創(chuàng)立的公司解雇？事情是這樣的， 在公司成長期間，雇傭了一個我們認(rèn)為非常聰明，可以和我一起經(jīng)營公司的人。一年后，我們對公司未來的看法產(chǎn)生分歧，董事會站在了他的一邊。 于是，在我三十歲的時候，我出局了，很公開地出局了。我整個成年生活的焦點沒了，這很要命。一開始的幾個月我真的不知道該干什么。我覺得我讓公司的前一代創(chuàng)建者們失望了，我把

48、傳給我的權(quán)杖給弄丟了。 我與戴維德 - 帕珂德和鮑勃 - 諾埃斯見面，試圖為這徹頭徹尾的失敗道歉。 我敗得如此之慘以至于我想要逃離這兒。有個東西在慢慢地叫醒我。我還愛著我從事的行業(yè)。 這次失敗一點兒都沒有改變這一點。我被逐了，但我仍愛著。我決定重新開始。當(dāng)時我沒有看出來，但事實證明“被蘋果開除”是發(fā)生在我身上最好的事。成功的重?fù)?dān)被重新起步的輕松替代， 對任何事情都不再特別看重。 這讓我感覺如此自由，進入一生中最有創(chuàng)造力的階段。接下來的五年，我創(chuàng)立了一個叫 NeXT 的公司，接著又建立了 Pixar ，然后與后來成為我妻子的女人相愛。 Pixar 出品了世界第一個電腦動畫電影： “玩具總動員”， 現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)是世界最成功的動畫制作工作室了。在一系列的成功運轉(zhuǎn)后， 蘋果收購了 NeXT，我又回到了蘋果。 我們在 NeXT 開發(fā)的技術(shù)在蘋果的復(fù)興中起了核心作用，另外勞琳和我組建了一個幸福