2012屆高考英語(yǔ) 考前半個(gè)月玩轉(zhuǎn)高頻語(yǔ)法系列狀語(yǔ)從句

1、2012屆高考英語(yǔ)考前半個(gè)月玩轉(zhuǎn)高頻語(yǔ)法系列狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句是副詞性從句，它在句子中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)，修飾主句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。根據(jù)修飾的方面，狀語(yǔ)從句可以分為以下九種。1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句3、原因狀語(yǔ)從句4、目的狀語(yǔ)從句5、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句6、條件狀語(yǔ)從句7、方式狀語(yǔ)從句8、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句9、比較狀語(yǔ)從句1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句種類(lèi)從屬連詞例 句說(shuō) 明時(shí)whenwheneverWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.當(dāng)我進(jìn)屋時(shí)，他正在寫(xiě)信。We shall go there whenever we are free.我們什么時(shí)間有空，我

2、們就去那里。when指的是“某一具體的時(shí)間”。whenever指的是“在任何一個(gè)不具體的時(shí)間”。間狀whenI was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走著，這時(shí)忽然有人從后面拍我的肩膀。when意為“這時(shí)”或“在那個(gè)時(shí)候”,可以看作是并列句,這種用法的when分句一般位于句末。語(yǔ)whileWhile it was raining, they went out.天下雨的時(shí)候，他們出去了。I stayed while he was away.他不在的

3、時(shí)候我在。while指“在某一段時(shí)間里”，“在期間”，while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的。從asHe hurried home, looking behind as he went.他趕快回家，不時(shí)地一邊走一邊向后看。as引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。句beforeBe a pupil before you become a teacher.先做學(xué)生，再做先生。before譯為在之前afterHe arrived after the game started.比賽開(kāi)始后，他到了。till We waited till (until)he came back .我們一直等到他回來(lái)

4、。如主句動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，常用肯定式，表示“直到為止”種類(lèi)從屬連句例 句說(shuō) 明時(shí)until She didnt stop working until eleven oclock .她到11點(diǎn)鐘才停止工作。Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.她站在那里看著，直到看不見(jiàn)他的身影。如主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，常用否定式，表示“直才”“在以前不”,從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，一般用until間狀since as soon asGreat changes have taken place in China since 1978.自從1978年以來(lái)中國(guó)發(fā)

5、生了巨大的變化。As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.我一到上海就給你寫(xiě)信。狀語(yǔ)從句在主句之前時(shí)一般用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)，如從句在主句之后則不必用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。語(yǔ)從句hardlywhenno soonerthanI had hardly got home when it began to rain.我剛一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.我們剛到車(chē)站，火車(chē)就走

6、了。Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.我們剛開(kāi)始就被叫停。hardlywhen和no soonerthan的意義相當(dāng)于as soon as,但只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句為過(guò)去時(shí)，如hardly或no sooner位于句首時(shí)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，而且主句的謂語(yǔ)要用部分倒裝。every time, by the time, the moment等Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.我每次乘船都暈船。The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerf

7、ul.我一聽(tīng)到這首歌，就感到很愉快。Next time you come ,youll see him.下次你來(lái)的時(shí)候，就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，不能用將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，而要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句wherewhereverWhere there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里就有生命。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去。Wherever you go, you must obey

8、the law.無(wú)論你去哪都要遵守法律。where與wherever意義基本相同，但后者語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。原因狀becauseI came back late yesterday because I was on duty.昨天我回來(lái)晚了，因?yàn)槲抑蛋?。because用來(lái)回答why 的問(wèn)題，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)一般放在主句之后語(yǔ)從句sinceSince everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)。since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首種類(lèi)從屬連句例 句說(shuō) 明原因asAs he didnt know much

9、 English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .由于他英語(yǔ)懂得不多，他在字典中查閱這個(gè)單詞。從句常放在句首，說(shuō)明原因，主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果，常用于口語(yǔ)中。狀語(yǔ)從句now that, seeing thatNow (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.鑒于天氣已經(jīng)晴朗，我們可以啟程了。Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鑒于他病情嚴(yán)重，我們派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生去了。seeing (that), now t

10、hat 和since, as 意義相似，他們都有“鑒于某個(gè)事實(shí)”的意思，that可以省去。目的狀語(yǔ)從句thatso thatin order thatlest = for fear thatI shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.我要把你的電話(huà)號(hào)碼記下來(lái)，以免忘記。Well tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真實(shí)情況告訴你，使你能自己作出判斷。They worked harder than usual in order that t

11、hey could finish the work ahead of time .他們比往常更加努力工作，為了能提前完成工作。Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.多穿點(diǎn)衣服，以免患感冒。目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在動(dòng)詞之前，從句往往放在主句之后，主從句之間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)結(jié)果狀so that sothatWe turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.我們把收音機(jī)的音量

12、放大，大家都聽(tīng)到了新聞。He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.他十分激動(dòng)，以致一句話(huà)都說(shuō)不出來(lái)。so that前有逗號(hào)為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。sothat的so后面跟形容詞或副詞。語(yǔ)從句suchthatHe gave such important reasons that he was excused.他說(shuō)出了這么重要的理由，得到大家的諒解。It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. It is so interesting a novel that all of u

13、s want to read it.這是一本十分有意思的書(shū)，大家都想看。suchthat的such后面跟名詞，如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用such a /anthat還可以轉(zhuǎn)換用sothat，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)種類(lèi)從屬連句例 句說(shuō) 明條件狀語(yǔ) 從 句if unlessas/so long asin case so far asDifficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.如果我們不怕困難，困難就算不了什么了。We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下雨，我們明天就去那里。= We shall go t

14、here tomorrow if it doesnt rain.So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。In case I forget, please remind me about it .萬(wàn)一我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐乙幌?。So far as I know, the book will be published next month.據(jù)我所知，那本書(shū)下月出版。unless從句的謂語(yǔ)只能用肯定式。unless和ifnot同義，unless是書(shū)面語(yǔ)，ifnot是口語(yǔ)，通常二者可以換用。條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般

15、要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 方 式 狀 語(yǔ) 從 句as as ifas thoughDraw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的畫(huà)一只貓。Do as you are told.按照人家告訴你做的去做。She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好象是生病了。He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的行動(dòng)就好象什么也沒(méi)有發(fā)生。They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.他們對(duì)待這黑孩子仿佛他是一頭牲口。此處as譯

16、為，按照或正如as if或as though的意義和用法基本一樣。從句中可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示可能符合事實(shí)，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 讓 步 狀 語(yǔ)thoughalthoughAlthough (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.雖然他六十多歲了，但仍開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ) 。We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.雖然我們干了一天活，但并不累。在句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以與yet或still連用。though / althoug

17、h意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語(yǔ)化，后者正式多放主句的前面。 從 句even ifeven thoughIll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。even if 和even though的意思為“即使”“縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。種類(lèi)從屬連詞例 句說(shuō) 明 讓 步as Child as he is , he knows a lot .雖然他是一個(gè)孩子，但他懂得很多。Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.雖然天氣冷，但孩

18、子們?nèi)栽趹?hù)外玩。as引出的狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，它比用though或although引導(dǎo)的從句，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語(yǔ)序部分倒裝。 狀 語(yǔ) 從no matter (who, what when, where which, how)Do it no matter what others say.不管別人怎么說(shuō),盡管干。No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.不管他多忙，他都每天堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very gr

19、ateful.不管誰(shuí)為我處理這件事，我都將非常感激。no matter與 who-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意義基本一 樣，no matter引導(dǎo)的從句可是以位于主句前或主句后。 句whever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however)Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，我們都不要失去信心。Whoever comes, he will be welcome.無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)，都會(huì)受到歡迎。whever從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以和may連用。判斷whever引導(dǎo)的是狀語(yǔ)從

20、句還是名詞性從句的一點(diǎn)是，名詞性從句，主句中一定有一個(gè)成分要在從句擔(dān)任，一般從句與主句之間沒(méi)有逗號(hào)。不可將no matter與whever連用 比 較 狀 語(yǔ)asas not so/as asthe same assuchasMary is as old as my sister.瑪利和我姐姐一樣大。He doesnt run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那樣快。His book is the same as mine.他的書(shū)和我的一樣。Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .享利這個(gè)工人不如彼得那樣好。連詞

21、表示同程度級(jí)的比較，肯定句用asas否定句可用not asas 或not soas 從 句thanShe has made greater progress this year than she did last year.她今年比去年進(jìn)步更大。He bought fewer books than I (did).他買(mǎi)的書(shū)比我買(mǎi)的少。表示不同程度之比較，主句中用比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞。種類(lèi)從屬連句例 句說(shuō) 明比較狀語(yǔ)從句the more the moreThe more you read, the better you understand.你看的書(shū)越多，你懂得的就越多。The more tic

22、kets you sell, the more money you will get.你賣(mài)的票越多，你的收入也越多。 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的進(jìn)步就越大。The sooner, the better.越快越好。The warmer, the better.越暖和越好。 the morethe more 意思為越越，通常的語(yǔ)序?yàn)閺木湓谇爸骶湓诤?，這兩個(gè)the都是表示程度的副詞，用在比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞前面。句子意思明顯，句子的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞都可省略。特殊形式的狀語(yǔ)從句that We are

23、sure (that )the four modernization will be realized in China .我們相信四化一定會(huì)在中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)。Im sorry (that) I didnt have time to write you sooner.很抱歉，我沒(méi)有抽出時(shí)間早點(diǎn)給你寫(xiě)信。I am afraid that I cant go with you.恐怕我不能同你一起去了。that 引導(dǎo)的從句，往往跟在一個(gè)做表語(yǔ)的形容詞后面，從句概念上看是賓語(yǔ)，所以有的語(yǔ)法家把它看做是賓語(yǔ)從句，但結(jié)構(gòu)上看，也可以把它看作是一個(gè)特殊的狀語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾表語(yǔ)的形容詞。這種從句的連詞常常被省略。【

24、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練】：、選擇填空：1、You like sports Id like to read.AwhenBwhileCbutDyet2、 we were singing, the teacher came in.ABeforeBafterCAsDUntil 3、I was about to leave my house the phone rang.AwhileB whenCasDafter4、They did not stop fighting there was no enemy left.AuntilBafterCwhenDsince5、I have not seen him he wen

25、t to college.Awhen BbeforeCasDsince 6、It is five days we came here.AwhenBbeforeCasDsince 7、It was not long he got to know it.AwhenBbeforeCafterDuntil 8、We shall go we are free.AwheneverBwhateverCwhereverDhowever 9、 I live I must serve the people heart and soul.AWhenBSo long asCAs soon asDOn conditio

26、n 10、I was reading a novel he was watchingTV.AwhenBwhileCbeforeDas11、Put the medicine you can easily get it.Aso that BwhereCwhichDthere12、We will go the Party wants us to go.AwhereverBthereCto the placeDwhich13、 there is a will there is a way.AWhenBWhereCWhetherDHow 14、I am going you went last week.

27、AwhereBwhereverCwhenDthe place15、 you go , you should bear the motherland in your mind.AWhereBWhereverCWhateverDHowever 16、 weather permits, well have an outing.AFor BThoughCWhileDIf17、You wont succeed harder.Aunless you will workBunless you workCunless you dont workDif you wont work18、I wonder if h

28、e us, and I think if he us well be able to complete the task ahead of time.Ahelps, helpsBwill help, helpsChelps, will helpDwill help, will help 19、I dont like to be interrupted if I .Aspeak Bwill speakCam speakingDspoke 20、If you this experiment you will understand the theory better.Awill be doingBh

29、ave doneCwill have doneD would do21、I would like to do it I like it.AsinceBbecauseCbecause of Dnow that 22、 everybody is here, Lets set off.ASinceBBecauseCForDAfter 23、It was he was ill that he was absent yesterday.AbecauseBasCsinceDnow that 24、 it is raining, we had better take a taxi.AForBAsCBecau

30、se of DWhen 25、“Why cant you do it now?”“ Im too busy.”ASinceBAsCBecauseDFor 26、He must have passed this way, here are his footprints.AsinceBbecause of Cnow thatDfor 27、 everybody is here, Lets begin our meeting.ANow thatBBecauseCForDWhen28、His speech made deep impression on the audience that they c

31、ould hardly forget it.Asuch a Bso a CsoDsuch29、They worked hard they finished their work ahead of time.AsoBso thatCsuch thatDso as to30、He was weak he couldnt stand up.Asuch, thatBso, thatCvery, thatDso, as to31、The foreigner spoke his interpreter could hardly catch his words.Asuch fast that Bso fas

32、tCso fast thatDso fastly that32、The book is it gives a wrong idea of the facts. Aso writing that Bsuch written thatCsuch writing thatDso written that33、The house cost we didnt buy it.Aso much money thatBso many money thatCsuch much money thatDsuch many money that 34、It is all of us can do it.Aso eas

33、y exercise thatBsuch easy an exerciseCsuch easy exerciseDso easy an exercise that35、She has she remembers all the names of the students she has taught.Aso good memory thatBsuch a good memory thatCsuch good memory thatDgood memory36、They stopped at Tianjing they might visit the TV tower.Aso BbecauseC

34、so thatDin order37、We all got up early we might start at six.Ain order that Bin order toCso Dso as to38、Let the dog loose so that it have a run.Ashould BmustCcouldDneed39、 clearly so that your teacher you correctly.AWrite, can understandBHaving written, can understandCTo write, could understandDWrit

35、ing, will understand40、He started early so that he there in time.Acould getBgotChad gotDwould have got41、 it was late , she went on working.AThoughBBecauseCSinceDWhether42、 we fail , we trying.AEven if , dont stopBEven though, wont stopCEven, will not stopDEven although, shall never stop43、 the pain

36、 was bad, he did not complain.AAlthough, butBThough, butCThough, yetDEven, still44、 physics, he likes maths better.AAs he much likes BMuch as he likes CMuch likes as he DLikes much as he 45、 telephones, tell him Im out.ANo matter whoeverBWhoCWhoeverDAnyone46、Well carry the reform to the end happens.

37、Ano matter howBwhateverCanythingDno matter which47、It takes time to go there by plane than by ship.Afar fewerBfar lessCmuch fewerDmore less48、He is taller than in his class.AothersBall the students Cany other one Dthe other49、 it was finished in time.AAs the work was difficultBDifficult as the work

38、wasCDifficult as was the workDAs was the work difficult50、I am sorry I have caused so much trouble.Athat BforCasDsince 51、 he came, he would bring us a lot of flowers.AEvery times Bone timeCEvery time DOnce a time 52、Ill tell him about it I see him.Aas soon asBso soon asCwhile Das 53、I had hardly sa

39、t down the telephone rangAthan BwhenCas Dafter 54、Sit you like.AwhereBat the placeCas Dwherever 55、 he wasnt ready in time, we went without him.ASince BAsCForDBecause of 56、All plants need air they need water.Alike Bas if Cas Dso 57、Work hard you can succeed.Ain order to Bso thatCfor fear thatDin ca

40、se 58、If you I will go with you.Ago to Bwent CwillDshould go 59、The hard he works, he will make.Athe greater Bthe greater progressCand the moreDmore 60、 we have thought it over , well take steps.ATill, not BWhen , noCUntil, any DUntil, no 、改錯(cuò)1、It wont matter even he refuses.2、Jim imagined that the w

41、hole world knew of his achievements, when in fact only a few people had heard of it .3、He realized that his house must have been broken into the minute he got home and saw that everything was in a mess.4、He was looking for the dictionary whenever he thought he might have put it .5、No matter if he is free, he must go to the library.6、I have not missed a play or a concert when I was seventeen years old.7、Next time that I plan to travel in London, Im going to take a plane.8、Im not going to talk on the point any further, though it is neither importan