狀語從句講解（課堂PPT）

1、1狀語從句講解2在復合句中由在復合句中由從句表示的狀語從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個句子。狀語，或是整個句子。 u 準確掌握每一個準確掌握每一個連詞連詞的含義是掌握狀語的含義是掌握狀語從句的關鍵。從句的關鍵。u 同時要注意主從句的同時要注意主從句的時態(tài)呼應時態(tài)呼應。3狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句狀語從句4狀語從句類型狀語從句類型從屬連詞從屬連詞時間狀語從句時間

2、狀語從句when，whenever，while，as，before，after，since，now that，until，once，the moment，immediately，no soonerthan，the second，instantly， hardly地點狀語從句地點狀語從句Where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere原因狀語從句原因狀語從句because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)結果狀語從句結果狀語從句so that, sothat, suchthat條件狀語從句條件狀語從句if，unless，as l

3、ong as, suppose，supposing，in case，so far as，provided目的狀語從句目的狀語從句so，so that，in order that，for fear that，lest讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句although, though, however (=no matter how), even if, whetheror方式狀語從句方式狀語從句as，as if，as though比較狀語從句比較狀語從句asas，not as as，than5掌握：掌握：1. when / while / as2. before / after 3. till / unt

4、il4. since 5. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 6三者可表示三者可表示“當當時候時候”，區(qū)別如下：，區(qū)別如下：(1) 若若主句主句表示的是一個表示的是一個短暫性動作短暫性動作，從句從句表示的是一個表示的是一個持續(xù)性動作持續(xù)性動作，三者都可用：，三者都可用：He fell asleep when while, as he was reading. (2) 若若主、從句主、從句表示表示兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作，且強調(diào)，且強調(diào)主句表

5、示的動作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間，通常要用主句表示的動作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間，通常要用 while：Dont talk while youre eating. I kept silent while he was writing. 7(3) 若主從句表示的兩個同時進行的動作含有若主從句表示的兩個同時進行的動作含有“一邊一邊一一邊邊”之意思，通常用之意思，通常用 as：She sang as she went along. (4) 若若從句從句是一個是一個短暫短暫性動作，性動作，主句主句是一個是一個持續(xù)性持續(xù)性動作，動作，可用可用 as / when 但不用但不用 while：It was

6、raining hard when as we arrived. (5) 若主從句表示的是若主從句表示的是兩個同時兩個同時(或幾乎同時或幾乎同時)發(fā)生的短暫發(fā)生的短暫性性動作，用動作，用 as / when：I thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要說的時候，我也想到了。就在你要說的時候，我也想到了。8(6) 若要表示兩個正在若要表示兩個正在發(fā)展變化發(fā)展變化的情況，的情況，“隨著隨著”，用，用 as：Things are getting better and better as time goes on. As it gre

7、w darker, it became colder. (7) when 可用作可用作并列連詞并列連詞，表示，表示“這時這時(突然突然)”；while 也可以用作也可以用作并列連詞并列連詞，表示，表示“而而”、“卻卻”(表表示對比示對比)；但；但 as 則沒有類似用法：則沒有類似用法：We were about to start when it began to rain. He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 9當使用連接詞當使用連接詞when表示表示“時候時候”時，它所引導的時，它所引導的從句從句中中謂語謂語動詞用動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時或者一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在

8、時或者一般過去時，不能用，不能用完成時態(tài)；完成時態(tài)；when，while和和as都引導表示時間的狀語從句，它們都引導表示時間的狀語從句，它們的區(qū)別在于的區(qū)別在于動作發(fā)生的時間順序動作發(fā)生的時間順序。用。用when時，從句的時，從句的動作可以與主句的動作可以與主句的同時發(fā)生或先于主句動作發(fā)生同時發(fā)生或先于主句動作發(fā)生；用；用as時從句和主句動作時從句和主句動作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生；用；用while時從句和主句動時從句和主句動作作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生，也可表示，也可表示持續(xù)一段時間持續(xù)一段時間。 10 _ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in. _ they came h

9、ome, I was cooking dinner. I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knock at the door.4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying.5. He is fat _ his brother is thin.6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.用用when, whilewhen, while或或as as 填空填空: :While/ As/ WhenWhenwhenWhilewhileAs11BeforeBefore在在之前；之前；

10、AfterAfter在在之后之后表示主從句的動作先后發(fā)生表示主從句的動作先后發(fā)生1.1.當當主句主句用用將來時將來時，從句從句總是用總是用現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在時；2.2.如果如果beforebefore引導的引導的從句從句謂語用的是謂語用的是過去時過去時，則，則主句主句動動詞多用詞多用過去完成過去完成時；時；3.After3.After表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關系正好與句的動作的時間關系正好與beforebefore引導的從句相反。引導的從句相反。121. It 1. It be four days be four days they

11、 they back. back. 2. My father 2. My father for Canada just for Canada just the the letter letter . .3. 3. you you it over, please it over, please me know me know what you decide.what you decide. 4. 4. we we finished the work, we finished the work, we home home13Before 與與 afterFinish your homework _

12、 you go out to play.He had walked three days _ he found water.It was not long _ he left his hometown.14Before 與與 after4. I played football _ I (had) finished my homework5. Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping.6. It will not be long _ we meat each other again.15tilltill和和untiluntil一般情況下兩者可以互

13、換，但是在一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調(diào)句型強調(diào)句型中多用中多用untiluntil。注意：如果注意：如果主句主句中的謂語動詞是中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞瞬時動詞時，必須用時，必須用否否定形式定形式；如果；如果主句主句中的謂語動詞是中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。 I didI didntnt go to bed go to bed untiluntil（tilltill） my father came my father came back.back.ItIt was was not untilno

14、t until the meeting was over the meeting was over thatthat he he began to teach me English.began to teach me English.I I workedworked untiluntil he came back. he came back.我工作到他回來為止。我工作到他回來為止。 I didI didntnt workwork untiluntil he came back. he came back.他回來我這才開始他回來我這才開始工作。工作。 16till 與與 until1. He l

15、ived with his parents _ he graduated from college.2. The children wont come home _ its dark.3. _ you told me I had no idea of it.4. Not _ he told me did I know the truth.5. It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.17sincesince引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性延續(xù)性的動詞，又的動詞，又可以是可以是瞬時瞬時動詞。一般情況下

16、，動詞。一般情況下，從句從句謂語動詞用謂語動詞用一般過一般過去時去時，而，而主句主句的謂語動詞用的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時。I have been in Beijing I have been in Beijing sincesince you left. you left.區(qū)別：區(qū)別： 1. It is since1. It is since從從以來多長時間了以來多長時間了It is five years It is five years sincesince we met last time. we met last time.2. It is before(2. It is bef

17、ore(才才) )It was a long time It was a long time beforebefore I went to sleep again. I went to sleep again.18as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news,

18、I hastened to the spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點。我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點。 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就給你來電話。我一到加拿大，就給你來電話。 19hardly(scarcely, rarely)when, no soonerthanhardly(scarcely, rarely)when, no soonerthan主句主句用用過去完成時過去完成時，從句從句用用一般過去時一般過去時。當。當hardly, hardly, scarcely, rarelyscarcely,

19、 rarely和和no soonerno sooner位于位于句首句首時，時，主句應用主句應用倒裝語序倒裝語序。 He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 20 I _ (be) at his bedside since he _ (become) ill. It _ (be) two years since we _ (be) u

20、niversity students. _ (一一就就) he saw the monster, he turned pale.填空214. The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country.5. We had _ returned home when it rained.6. _ had we begun when we were told to stop.填空22(1) (1) 當主句為將來時態(tài)或具有將來意義時，時間狀語當主句為將來時態(tài)或具有將來意義時，時間狀語從句通常要用從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將

21、來意義一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。Turn off the lights Turn off the lights beforebefore you you leaveleave. . I will tell him I will tell him as soon asas soon as he he arrivesarrives. . (2) (2) 與與sincesince 從句搭配的主句的時態(tài)通常是從句搭配的主句的時態(tài)通常是現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。時態(tài)。He He has livedhas lived here here sincesince 1999. 1999. Where Where ha

22、ve youhave you been been sincesince I last saw you? I last saw you? 23改錯題改錯題: She was walking on the street while the accident happened. _2. I will call you as soon as I will finish my homework. _3. After the queen knows it is I that help you run away, she will kill me . _ 4. I have finished the com

23、position when the bell rang. _ 241. I got in touch with Charles _ I received his letter. A. when immediatelyB. soonC. immediatelyD. suddenly2. We were just _ calling you up _ you came in. A. about; whenB. on the point of; whileC. on the point of; whenD. on the point of; as253. Most of his great nove

24、ls and plays were not published or known to the public _ his tragic death in 1786. A. even beforeB. ever sinceC. until afterD. until before4. Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less _ they grow older. A. whileB. asC. whenD. after265. Did you remember to return the book to

25、our English teacher? Yes. I gave it to him _ I saw him. A. onceB. whileC. ifD. the moment6. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are _ they leave the Arab world forever. A. even thoughB. in caseC. wheneverD. until277. It will

26、be five years _ we meet again. A. sinceB. untilC. beforeD. when8. How can they learn anything _ they spend all their spare time watching TV?A. whereB. whenC. whileD. but28要點要點: : 由連詞由連詞wherewhere和復合關系詞和復合關系詞whereverwherever (=no (=no matter where )matter where )引導引導. .句型句型1 1：WhereWhere地點從句，（地點從句，（t

27、herethere）主句）主句。 【注意注意】此句型通常譯成此句型通常譯成“哪里哪里哪里就哪里就”；主；主句在從句后面時，句在從句后面時，therethere可用可不用；如果主句在從句可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用的前面時，一般都不用therethere。例如：。例如： WhereWhere there is no rain, farming is difficult or there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.impossible.You should have put the book You should

28、 have put the book wherewhere you found it. you found it. 29句型句型2 2：Anywhere/ whereverAnywhere/ wherever地點從句，主句。地點從句，主句。 【注意注意】anywhereanywhere本身是個副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑谋旧硎莻€副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑木?，相當于連詞，意思相似于句，相當于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywherewherever, anywhere引導引導的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而而whereverwherev

29、er本身就是個連詞，表示本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處在何處，無論何處”。WhereverWherever the sea is , you will find seamen. the sea is , you will find seamen.1.Where1.Where there is a will , there is a way. there is a will , there is a way. 2.Wherever2.Wherever you go , I go too. you go , I go too.30判斷下列句子類型判斷下列句子類型1. You would l

30、et your children play where you can see them.2. You would let your children play in the place where you can see them.311. I have been keeping the portrait _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. A. sinceB. whereC. asD. if2. “_ I live there are plenty of sheep.”, s

31、aid the boy _ pride. A. Where; with B. When; inC. That; inD. Why; with323. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat _ he would see me _ waking. A. whether; whenB. that；whenC. which；whereD. where；when4. You can still find bones of the birds _ they used to live. A. in whichB. in the p

32、laceC. whereD. that335. “_ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope.” said the captain. A. WhereB. Even ifC. WhileD. Although34主要連詞：主要連詞：because, as, since, forseeing (that), now (that)considering (that) 351.I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill.2. Since everybody is h

33、ere, lets begin our meeting.3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.4.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.361）because語勢最強最強，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而易見顯而易見的或已已為人們所知為人們所知，就用as或 since。 I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we h

34、ave to delay our journey. 372）如果不是說明直接原因不是說明直接原因，起補充說明的作用，用for。 He is absent today, for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today.383) as和for的區(qū)別：通常情況下，as引導的從句在主句前從句在主句前，for引導的從句在主句后從句在主句后。例：As the weather is cold, I stay at home.I stay at home, for the weather is cold.39用用because, as, since

35、與與for填空填空: - Why are you crying, meg? - _ Ive broken your necklace, mom.2. I went to bed early _ I was tired.3. I was not kind to him, _ he was rude.4. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school.5. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, _ he was a doctor.6. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.401.

36、May I go now? _ youve finished your work, you may go. A. AfterB. AlthoughC. Now thatD. As soon as2. _ it happened to be a nice day, we decided to go to the beach. A. WhenB. BeforeC. If D. Since41主要的連詞：主要的連詞：so that, sothat, suchthatso that, sothat, suchthatHe studied hard He studied hard he passed t

37、he he passed the exam. exam. He was He was angry angry he couldnt speak. he couldnt speak. He shut the window with He shut the window with force force the glass broke.the glass broke. 42正：正：He is He is clever a child clever a child we all like we all like him. him. 這小孩很聰明，我們都喜歡他。這小孩很聰明，我們都喜歡他。正：正：They are They are cle