路基施工工藝-三分部.

1、一、 路基施工 Earthwork construction11.1 施工準備 construction preparation 路基工程開工前，進行路基邊線的測量放樣工作，確定路基用地范圍及路基邊樁。Before the beginning of earthworks construction, survey the road edge line and set sample to assure the range of land as well as the foundation edge pile. 待清表完后，與工程師對管段內進行斷面復測。After clearing and grub

2、bing, conduct the re-survey on section of length with the attendance of engineer. 為了保證施工方便，行車安全和路基穩(wěn)定，在正式施工前，根據測量人員放樣的路基邊樁，做好清理原地面的工作。清理工作內容包括：砍伐和收集林木，拔掉樹墩及樹根、小樹木、灌木叢、清除基底表面雜草、植被和腐蝕土、淤泥、疏松土壤。清表、砍樹挖根后要及時通知監(jiān)理工程師進行收方。For the construction convenient, traffic safety, and foundation steady, cleaning the gr

3、ound shall be carried out urgently based on the edge pile set down by surveyors just before the construction official starting. Cleaning work shall be composed of logging and timber collection, cleaning stump, root, young trees, bush, cutting foundation surface grass, vegetation, and removing corros

4、ive soil, mire, loose earth. Inform the supervising engineer to collect earth cubic immediately after surface cleaning and logging work. 修筑臨時排水溝，疏干場內積水，使周邊水不再進人場內，雨水、滲水隨時排出。Build temporary ditch to dredge water within construction worksite and prevent water from worksite. And expel rain water and se

5、epage water timely.1.2 路堤施工 Embankment construction1.2.1 工藝流程 construction processes1.2.2 工序步驟 working procedures 填土 fillinga 根據松鋪厚度和運土車輛容積，計算卸土間距，卸土點宜按梅花形分布。Figure out the distance between dump piles based on the thickness of earth paving and capacity of transporting truck and dump the earth pile i

6、n the ground.b 應沿橫斷面全寬、縱向分層填筑。當原地面高低不平時，應先從低處開始分層填筑，由兩邊向中部填筑，路基橫斷面寬度每側宜超填30-50cm。Pave the earth in the vertical layers along the full width of section. In the case of evenness of ground, it shall be backfilled by layers starting from the low level and then from two sides to central location. On the

7、location of horizontal section width, it shall be over paved 30-50cm at both sides. c現場設專人指揮車輛按照布置的卸土點卸土。填土時，當前一填層面過干時應灑水，保持填前土面的濕潤。保證填層間的結合。均勻的卸土，可以減小推土機攤鋪工作量和整平難度。Appoint someone at worksite to arrange the dump pile according to the agreed dump point. While backfilling is conducting, water the con

8、structing road surface if it is too dry for a wet road surface before earth paving to ensure a great bonding between backfilling layers. A good distribution uniformity of dump pile shall decrease the scale of bulldozer operating work and difficulty of bulldozer leveling work. 攤鋪、初平 paving and leveli

9、ng用推土機將填筑的土鋪平，邊部厚度以所掛的邊線為準，中間各部位厚度用鋼尺測量，同時人工鋪填邊部，對凸凹處鏟平；清除填料中的草皮、樹根等雜物。攤鋪過程應控制橫坡以滿足排水要求。Level the paved earth with bulldozer. At the edge, the paving thickness shall be depended on the edge line; while on the middle location, take the steel ruler to measure the thickness and arrange workers to pave

10、the edge and handle the even location. Pick out the turf and roots among backfilling material and control horizontal slope for the requirements on dewatering during paving construction. 灑水 wateringa 每一層填筑過程中，應確認填料含水率、松鋪厚度符合工藝試驗確定的標準后，再進行碾壓。最佳含水量通過試驗確定。While filling every layer, it shall be ascertain

11、ed before compacting as the moisture content and paving thickness complied with the standard stated by the technical test. The best moisture content shall be decided by the test.b 灑水作業(yè)分三步進行，填土前灑水，潤濕底層；初平前按計算的需要量灑足；密實碾壓前再補灑1次，防止表面水分過度散失而松散。Watering should be divided into three steps: water before bac

12、kfilling for wet ground foundation; water enough water of the quantity demonstrated by statues calculation before primary leveling; water again just before closely compacting in case of backfilling material loosing because of the loss of surface water.碾壓 rolling compacting a 碾壓順序應按先兩側后中間，先靜壓后弱振、再強振的

13、操作程序進行碾壓。應遵循的原則是適度重壓，嚴格掌握碾壓遍數，禁止反復輕碾。用重型壓路機振動碾壓，各遍碾壓采用不同的振動頻率和振幅，振動頻率先低后高，振幅先大后小。碾壓中，檢查是否出現松散和橡皮（彈簧）現象，人工及時將壓松或變軟的點位挖除，補填好土。Rolling compacting work shall be conducted from two sides to middle separately in the position of non-vibrate, weak vibrate, and strong vibrate. The basic principle for rolling

14、 compacting is the appropriate heavy compacting instead of repeatedly light compacting and control rolling rounds strictly. Chose the kind of heavy roller to roll respectively in different vibrate frequency and amplitude, and the vibrate frequency shall be changed from the low to the high, while the

15、 amplitude from the large to the small. Check any loosing and abounding case happened or no during rolling and appoint workers to remove the loose or soft part and backfill again. b各區(qū)段交接處，應進行重疊壓實，縱向搭接長度不應小于2m，沿線路縱向行與行之間壓實重疊不應小于40cm，上下兩層填筑接頭應錯開不小于3.0m。As for the joint part between sections, compactin

16、g shall be done repeatedly and vertical lap length shall be no less than 2m and over 40cm about the compacting lap part between horizontal lines along the road direction and distance more than 3m shall be set between the joints of upper and bottom paving layer.c對于橋涵等結構物邊部的碾壓應控制壓力和振動力，保證結構物安全。一般可采用小型

17、壓實設備進行結構物邊部的壓實，如輕型或中型壓路機、振動沖擊夯、振動平板夯、手扶振動壓路機等。Control the rolling pressure and vibrate forces while rolling the edge of the bridge, culvert or any other structures for the safety of structures. Generally speaking, small compacting machines can be used for rolling and compacting of structural edge li

18、ke light or mediate roller, vibrate ram, plate vibrator, handling vibrate roller etc. d碾壓達到壓實標準后用光輪壓路機進行收面碾壓，消除輪跡。 As the compacting work met the relevant standards, operate the smooth-wheel roller to eliminate previous rolling traces for smooth clean surface. 檢測與報驗 inspecting and testing壓實完成后，通知監(jiān)理工

19、程師與實驗工程師進行現場檢測，標高、橫坡、平整度、壓實度等均需要滿足要求，待監(jiān)理工程師檢測通過后，方可進行下一步施工。With the accomplishment of the rolling and compacting, inform the supervising engineer and testing engineer to inspect at worksite on level, horizontal slope, and evenness, compactness that shall meet the related requirements and move to the

20、 next construction step after the approval from supervising engineer on inspection. 1.3 路塹施工 cutting construction1.3.1 工藝流程 technical process1.3.2 工序步驟 construction procedures 路塹開挖前應首先做好塹頂截水溝、天溝，路塹開挖過程要始終保證排水暢通。Before cutting construction, should make the ditch on cut area, to make sure the water ca

21、n flow. 路塹開挖選用多層橫向挖掘法進行施工，從開挖路塹的一端或兩端按橫斷面分層開挖至設計標高，逐漸向縱深挖掘。Cutting excavation shall be done by the method of multi-layers horizontal digging construction started with one end of excavated cutting or two ends, that means digging work shall be promoted layer by layer of cross section until reach the design vertical level. 邊坡修整 slope amendment a 正確測出路塹邊坡位置，經常檢查邊坡開挖坡度，糾正偏差。 Figure out the cutting slope location correct