高考英語情態(tài)動詞講解及習(xí)題(附答案)

1、情態(tài)動詞常見的情態(tài)動詞有:can 能may 可以will,would (表意愿need 需要dare 敢must 必須have to 不得不shall,should 應(yīng)該(表義務(wù)ought to 應(yīng)該1.can,could 的用法1.1表能力,有“能”、“會”、“能夠”的意思例如:Can you drive a car? 你會開車嗎?-Yes, I can. 我會。-No, I cant. 我不會。1.2表允許,在口語中代替may,有“可以”的意思例如:Can I use your bike?我可以用你的自行車嗎?1.3表示可能性,常用于否定句和疑問句例如:Can it be true?那會是

2、真的嗎?Today is Sunday. He cant be at school.今天是星期天。他不可能在學(xué)校里。1.4過去式could表示的語氣更加委婉、客氣例如:Could I come to see you tomorrow?明天我可以來見你嗎?1.5 can 和be able to 的比較1 can 只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)(could,其他時態(tài)要用be able to的形式例如:I havent been able to get in touch with her.我一直沒能和她聯(lián)系上。2 通常can 和be able to 可以互換例如:He will come if

3、he can.如果可能的話,他一定會來。2.may,might的用法2.1表示許可或征求對方的許可,有“可以”的意思。例如:You may go now.你可以走了。May I use your computer?我用一下你的電腦可以嗎?2.2回答以may開頭的疑問句有如下表達(dá)法:例如:May I smoke here? 我可以在這兒抽煙嗎?-Yes, you may.-Yes, please.-No, you cant.-No, you mustnt.-No, youd better not.2.3表示猜測,通常只用于陳述句例如:You may be right.你可能是對的。2.4過去式m

4、ight表示的語氣更加委婉、客氣例如:Might I use your pen for a while?我能用用你的鋼筆嗎?2.5在口語中can可以代替may表示許可,但can較隨便,may更正式例如:Can I use your bike, John?約翰,我可以用一下你的自行車嗎?May I have a look at your license please, sir?先生,我可以看一下你的執(zhí)照嗎3.must 的用法3.1表義務(wù),“必須”例如:You must talk to them about their study.你必須同他們談?wù)勱P(guān)于他們學(xué)習(xí)的事。3.2在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中表不許、禁止例

5、如:You mustnt leave here.你不能離開這兒。3.3表堅定的建議例如:You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai.一到上海你就得馬上來見我們。3.4表推測,暗含有很大的可能性例如:He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的臉色那么蒼白。注意may 暗含的可能性較小,must 暗含的可能性較大。3.5關(guān)于must的簡短回答:例如:Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必須馬上打掃餐廳嗎?-Yes, you must.-No, yo

6、u neednt.-No, you dont have to.4.have to的用法have to 雖屬于情態(tài)動詞,但它有人稱、數(shù)的變化,它的疑問句否定句的構(gòu)成也和其他情態(tài)動詞有所不同。4.1 have to表客觀的需要和義務(wù),must表主觀認(rèn)識例如:I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.我沒搭上火車,所以我只得打的。4.2在疑問句和否定句中,have to多用助動詞do構(gòu)成, must則直接提前或加not。例如:Did he have to do it?他得做那件事嗎?He didnt have to do it.他不需要做那件事。4.3在

7、否定句中,have to表示不需要,must表不允許。例如:You dont have to go there.你不需要去那兒。You mustnt go there?你不可去那兒。4.4雖然must可以用在過去時態(tài)中,但是have to更能直接了當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)過去時間概念。例如:She must see Hubert that very night.她必須在那個晚上見到休伯特。I had to leave at six yesterday.我得在昨天6點離開。5.need 的用法need既可用作情態(tài)動詞,又可用作實義動詞。作情態(tài)動詞時,沒有數(shù)和人稱的變化,后接動詞原形;作實義動詞時,有數(shù)的變化和人

8、稱的變化,后接帶to的不定式。5.1用于否定句,表“不必”例如:You neednt worry.你不必?fù)?dān)心。I dont think you need worry.我想你不必?fù)?dān)心。5.2用于疑問句,表“需要嗎”例如:Need you go? 你得去嗎?-No, I neednt. 不必。-Yes, I must. 是的,我必須去。5.3 need用作實義動詞時,要注意始終以實義動詞的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫徹到底例如:(正確Do you need to go there?(錯誤Do you need go there?6.will和would的用法6.1 will,用于構(gòu)成將來時是助動詞。用于表示“意志”“決

9、心”“請求”是情態(tài)動詞。would亦同理。例如:Hell be here this afternoon.今天下午他會來這兒。(助動詞Will you tell her that Im here?請您告訴她說我在這兒,好嗎?(情態(tài)動詞6.2用于各種人稱,表示“意志”“決心”“允諾”例如:I will try.我愿一試。6.3在疑問句中用于第二人稱,提出請求或詢問例如:If you want help,let me know, will you?如果你需要幫助,讓我知道,好嗎?Will you type this, please?請打印這個,好嗎?Wont you sit down?請坐下,好嗎?

10、6.4 would比will客氣委婉例如:Would you help us, please?請您幫助我們,好嗎?(表請求Id go there with you.我要和你一塊到那兒去。(表意愿 Dad wouldnt allow it.爸爸不會允許這件事。(表許可 7.shall和should的用法7.1 shall用于構(gòu)成將來時是助動詞,shall用于征求對方的意見,表示“決心”是情態(tài)動詞例如:Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我會去英國觀光。(構(gòu)成一般將來時,助動詞Shall I turn on the li

11、ght, Mom?媽媽,我把燈打開好嗎? (用于征求對方的意見,情態(tài)動詞I shall be there.我會到那兒去的。(表“決心”,情態(tài)動詞7.2 should用于構(gòu)成將來時是助動詞。should用于表示“應(yīng)當(dāng)”“猜測”是情態(tài)動詞例如:We thought we should never see you again.我們以為再也見不到你了。(構(gòu)成一般過去將來時,助動詞 I should write some letters tonight.今晚我得寫幾封信。(表“應(yīng)當(dāng)”,情態(tài)動詞They should be there by now.他們現(xiàn)在可能到了。(表“猜測”,情態(tài)動詞8.ought

12、to的用法ought to 表示應(yīng)該、理應(yīng)做什么例如:You ought to clean the classroom , for it is your turn today.你應(yīng)該把教室打掃了,因為今天是你值日。9.情態(tài)動詞表示“推測”的用法情態(tài)動詞表示“推測”時,要記住以下兩種推測和形式推測:對過去發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài)的推測;對現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)的推測。兩種形式:用情態(tài)動詞加完成時態(tài)表示對過去發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài)的推測;用情態(tài)動詞加動詞原型表示對現(xiàn)在發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài)的推測。具體用法如下:9.1 must have done表示過去一定做了什么,語氣十分肯定例如:You must have finished you

13、r work.你一定完成了你的工作。9.2 cant have done表示過去不可能做了什么,語氣也比較肯定(是上面的否定形式例如:He cant have gone to Beijing, for I had a talk with him just now.他不可能去過北京,因為我剛和他交談過。9.3 neednt have done表示過去沒有必要做什么但已經(jīng)做了。例如:You neednt have come earlier. 你不需要來這么早的。9.4 should have done過去該做什么但沒有做。(含有責(zé)備的意思。例如:You should have started ea

14、rlier.你本應(yīng)該早點開始的。9.5 shouldnt have done表示過去不該做什么但做了。(含有責(zé)備的意思例如:You shouldnt have helped him, he could do it himself.你本不該幫助他的,他能自己做。9.6 ought to have done表示過去該做什么而沒有做。(是職責(zé)和義務(wù)例如:You ought to have helped him. (but you didnt.你應(yīng)該幫助他的。9.7 can/could do sth.表示對現(xiàn)在情況的猜測,常用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。例如:This news cant be tru

15、e.這消息不可能是真的。9.8 may/might do sth. 表示對現(xiàn)在情況的猜測,常用于肯定句中。例如:Mr.Wang may know Professor Lis telephone number.王先生也許知道李教授的電話號碼。針對性練習(xí):1 You_ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thingA neednt have washed B shouldnt have washedC must not have washed D can not have washed2 Johns sco

16、re on the test is the highest in the class; he_ last night.A should study B should have studied C must have studied D must have to study3 The room is in a terrible mess; it _cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6A cant have been B shouldnt have been C mustnt have been D wouldnt have been4 Nobody knows how people f

17、irst came to these islands. They _ from South America on rafts.A must have sailed B can sail C might have sailed D should have sailed5 Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She _ in her classroom.A should have been B must have been C must be D should be6 Bob said he was going to join our

18、club but he didnt. He _ his mind.A cant have changed B wouldnt have changedC must have changed D shouldnt have changed7 You_ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.A neednt go B had better not go C should not go D neednt have gone8 We_ the letter yesterday, but it didnt arrive.A

19、 must receive B ought to receive C must have received D ought to have received9 With all the work on hand, he_ to the cinema last night.A mustnt go B shouldnt have gone C could not go D couldnt have gone10 Eve was late for class again. She _earlier.A should get up B must get up C need to get up D sh

20、ould have got up11 I am feeling sick. I_ so much chocolate.A neednt have eaten B couldnt have eatenC mustnt have eaten D shouldnt have eaten12 I didnt send out my application form last week, but I _.A had B would do C should have D might have to13 Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scar

21、ed. He thought he_ Tom to go with him.A might have asked B should asked C must have asked D should have asked14 When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I_ there earlier.A ought to get B ought to have got C must have got D must get15 The road was muddy. It_ last night.A must rained B

22、must have rained C must be rained D could have rained16 She can speak quite fluent English. She_.17 You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he_.A was used to be B used to be C was used to D use to18- “We didnt see him at the exhibition yesterday.” - “He _it.”A mustnt visit B cant have vi

23、sited C should have gone to see D may see19 Mary _my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.A should have received B has receivedC Couldnt have received D ought to have received20 I _ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.A would have liked to give B liked t

24、o giveC have liked to give D would like to give21- “Where _ my umbrella?” - “Somebody _ it away by mistake.”A is, must have taken B is, must take C have been, must take D is, takes22 What _ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?A will you suppose B you suppose C do you suppose D you wo

25、uld suppose23 Two eyes _see more than one.A can B may C will D should24 _ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.A Would B Will C May D Should25 We ought to help each other in our work, _?A oughtnt we B should we C shouldnt weD ought to we26 Tom _ better than to ask Dick

26、for help.A shall know B shouldnt know C has known D should have known27 You _ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.A had better got B had to get better C had better to get D had better get28 When we got to the cinema, the film hasnt started yet, so we _.A neednt hurry B didnt need hurry C

27、neednt to hurry D neednt have hurried 29 It was really very dangerous; you _ him seriously.A might have injured B could injure C should have injured D must injure30 As he had heart attack, he was told that he _ continue the work.A neednt B may not C mustnt D cant31 An Englishman who _not speak Itali

28、an was once traveling in Italy.A must B could C may D might32 I _like to make a suggestion.A could B would C must D might33 I know things are hard with you, but you _try to get over the difficulties.A can B may C must D ought34 I cant find the recorder in the room. It _ by somebody.A may have been t

29、aken away B may leave C may take away D must have taken away35 He _the 9:20 train because he didnt leave home till 9:25.A can reach B could catch C may not catch D couldnt have caught情態(tài)動詞部分練習(xí)題答案1A 2C 3A 4C 5B 6C 7D 8D 9D 10D 11D 12C 13D 14B 15B 16B 17B 18C 19C 20A 21A 22C 23A 24C 25A 26D 27D 28D 29A

30、 30C 31B 32B 33C 34A 35D1. You _angry with her, for she is very young.A. need not to beB. dont need toC. need not beD. need not2. “It _Mary who is in the office.”“Im sure it _her. I saw her off at the airport just twenty minutes ago.”A. cant be, cant beB. must be, mustnt beC. must be, cant beD. cant

31、 be, mustnt be3. You look pale. You _ill.A. can beB. must beC. should beD. has to be4. You _in your exercises in time so that you canget them back now.A. should handB. shall handC. Shall have handedD. should have handed5. He saw her only a minute ago, so he said that she_ not have gone to Tibet.A. m

32、ustB. couldC. mightD. need6. “Wont you tell me more about your problems?”“I _talk about it any more.”A. would rather not toB. wouldnt ratherC. would rather notD. wouldnt rather to7. “My goodness I just missed the train.”“Thats too bad. I am sure you _ it, if you had hurried.”A. could have caughtB. h

33、ad caughtC. would catchD. could catch8. I _ tell her the truth.A. cannot helpB. cannot butC. may not helpD. could but9. It was so dark outside that he didnt _.A. dare to go out to fetch some waterB. darefetch some waterC. dare to go out bring some waterD. to dare to fetch some water10. He left yeste

34、rday, so he _ in Beijing.A. may arriveB. may have arrivedC. must arriveD. arrived11. Comrade Li _ be in Beijing because I saw him intown only a few minutes ago.A. mustntB. cantC. may notD. isnt able to12. You _ go now. Its getting late.A. had ratherB. would ratherC. had betterD. would better13. Sinc

35、e she is angry, we _.A. had better to leave her aloneB. should leave her aloneC. might as well leave her aloneD. must leave her alone14. Look, what youve done! Yo u _ more careful.A. may beB. had toC. should have beenD. would be15. She _ for what she has done.A. ought to praiseB. ought be praisedC.

36、ought to praisedD. ought to be praised16. I _ get this done immediately or it will be toolate.A. canB. shallC. mayD. must17. _ I ask your name, please?A. WillB. ShallC. MayD. Must18. Why _ you always interrupt me?A. canB. willC. mayD. must19. He _ blind not to see that car coming.A. can have beenB.

37、will have beenC. may have beenD. must have been20. He was a good swimmer so he _ swim to theriver bank when the boat sank.A. couldB. mightC. succeeded toD. was able to21. _ repeat the question?A. Shall IB. Will IC. Would you like thatI D. Do you want that I22. Since the ground is wet, it _ last nigh

38、t.A. should have rainedB. has rainedC. must rainD. must have rained23._open the door for you?A. Would you like meB. Do you want meC. Will you mind meD. Shall I24.Professor Li, many students want to see you. _they wait here or outside?A. DoB. WillC. ShallD. Are25.I wasnt sure whether I _offer to help

39、 or not.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. could26. “I havent felt well for a week.”“You_ see a door.”A. had ought toB. had betterC. should have toD. had rather27.You _read that book if you dont want t o.A. haventB. cantC. mustntD. neednt28.Although he tried he_ not make it.A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. coul

40、d29.I have neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats whyI _wait until the rain stops.A. mustB. shouldC. ought toD. have to30.He ought _have done so even if possible.A. not toB. to notC. notD. never31.It _be difficult to learn Tibetan.A. shallB. mustC. shouldD. need32.He promised he _not do it any mo

41、re.A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. could33.I _ have been here, but I_ not find the time.A. should, wouldB. should, couldC. might, couldD. could, could34.I want to go the doctor, but you _with me.A. need not to goB. do not need goC. need not goD. need go not35.I dont believe him. He _ be serious.A. needn

42、tB. cantC. mayntD. mustnt36.Would you like to see the movie tonight? I _ meet you at the gate of the Student Center.A. mayB. willC. mustD. ought to37.I _ not get away any sooner although I had planned to leave earlier.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might38. She quickened her pace in order that she _ wi

43、ththe others.A. may catch upB. might catch upC. could have caught upD. might havecaught up39. The boy stood there without _ a word.A. dare to sayB. daring to sayC. dared to sayD.dare say40. _ you rather sit at the back?A. WontB. WouldntC. DontD. Will41. You _ yourself about money.A. need not worryB.

44、 have worryC. are not being worriedD. need not beworried42. How _ so?A. dare you to sayB. dare you sayC. do you daresay D. dare to say43. The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given44. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurriedB. c

45、ouldnt havehurriedC. mustnt hurryD. neednt havehurried45. “They have changed the program without notice.”“Thats a pity; _ yesterdays football match.”A. I like to watchB. I liked watchingC. Id like watchingD. Id like to havewatched46. “Would you like to join us in the game?”“ _.”A. Much obligedB. You

46、 are welcomeC. Id loveto D. If you please47. I think that you had better _ earlier.A. start getting upB. to get upC. to start to getup D. started getting up48. To learn to swim well, _.A. much practice is needed by oneB. one is needed much practiceC. much practice is neededD. one needs much practice

47、49. The streets are all dry. It _ during the night.A. cant have rainedB. mustnt have rainedC. couldnt rainD. shouldnt have rained50. - “Did you blame him for his mistakes?” - “Yes, but _ it.”A. I shouldnt have doneB. I shouldnt doC. I should have doneD. I should do15 CCBDB 610 CABAB 1115 BCCCD 1620

48、DCDDD2125ADDCA 2630BDDDA 3135 BABCB 3640BCBBB4145ABDDD 4650 CADAA1. “ Must we do it now?” “ No, you _.”A. wontB. needntC. cantD.dont2. He said he would rather not _ it right now.A. doingB. to doC. doD. to be doing3. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you havesomething important to do.A. neednt t

49、o comeB. dont need comeC. dont need comingD. neednt come4. “ May I pick a flower in the garden?” “ _.”A. No, you needntB. Not, pleaseC. No, you mustntD. No, you wont5. Youd better _ late next time.A. dontB. not beC. not beingD. wont be6. “ Can I leave this door open at night?”“ You _ better not.”A.

50、shouldB. couldC. wouldD. must7. Put on more clothes. You _ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.A. canB. couldC. wouldD. must8. I thought you _ like something to read, so I havebrought you some books.A. mayB. mightC. couldD. must9. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurriedB. couldnt hav

51、e hurriedC. must not hurryD. neednt have hurried10. The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given11. Its freezing outside. You _ put on your overcoat.A. had better toB. had betterC. would betterD. would better to12. You _ return the book now. Yo

52、u can keepit till next week if you like.A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. may not 13. Where is my pen? I _ it.A. might loseB. would have lostC. should have lostD. must have lost14. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep.A. must beB. must have beenC. should beD. should have been15. He _ you more help, even thou

53、gh he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give16. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do.A. cantB. couldntC. may notD. might not17.-Could I borrow your dictionary?- Yes, of course you _.A. mightB. willC. canD. should18. - Shall we go skating or stay at home?- Which _ do yourself?A. do you ratherB. would you ratherC. will you ratherD. should you rather19. Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have toldB. tellC. be tell