高三英語課件：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞--用法之異同

1、動(dòng)詞 -ed 形式的功能 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法異同歷來是學(xué)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法異同歷來是學(xué)習(xí)中的難點(diǎn)和高考測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)。眾所周知，兩習(xí)中的難點(diǎn)和高考測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)。眾所周知，兩種分詞的區(qū)別很多，但它們之間的根本區(qū)別是：種分詞的區(qū)別很多，但它們之間的根本區(qū)別是： 這種根本的區(qū)別具體體現(xiàn)在兩種分詞分別這種根本的區(qū)別具體體現(xiàn)在兩種分詞分別充當(dāng)?shù)母鞣N句子成份中充當(dāng)?shù)母鞣N句子成份中。1.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being f

2、ollowed2.The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing3.Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak4.Most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B

3、. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 5.The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 6.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be wr

4、itten C. being written D. written 分詞作定語時(shí)，如果分詞只是一分詞作定語時(shí)，如果分詞只是一個(gè)單詞，那么，該分詞就位于其所修飾的名詞個(gè)單詞，那么，該分詞就位于其所修飾的名詞之前；如果是分詞短語，那么，該短語就位于之前；如果是分詞短語，那么，該短語就位于其所修飾的名詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定其所修飾的名詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。語從句?，F(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞分詞與邏輯主語之間是與邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)主動(dòng)關(guān)系關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生同時(shí)發(fā)生；而；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系系

5、，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。發(fā)生。1.This news sounds _. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 2. -How did Bob do in the exams this time? -Well, his father seems _ with his results. A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please3. -How did the audience receive the new pla

6、y? -They got very _. A . excite B . excited C . excitedly D . exciting 分詞作表語時(shí)，它起著形容詞的作用。分詞作表語時(shí)，它起著形容詞的作用。現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主分詞作表語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系動(dòng)關(guān)系，意味著，意味著“起這種作用起這種作用” ；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系關(guān)系，意味著，意味著“受這種影響受這種影響”。 1.The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. layi

7、ng 2. -Good morning. Can I help you? -Id like to have the package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed3.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air _ against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move4. The murderer was brought in, with his han

8、ds _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 分詞在復(fù)合賓語中可作賓語補(bǔ)足語，對(duì)句子的賓語分詞在復(fù)合賓語中可作賓語補(bǔ)足語，對(duì)句子的賓語起補(bǔ)充或說明作用。起補(bǔ)充或說明作用。分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，句子的賓語就是該分詞的邏句子的賓語就是該分詞的邏輯主語輯主語。但。但現(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系現(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系示被動(dòng)關(guān)

9、系，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。1.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make2._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received3.The visi

10、ting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added4. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 分詞作狀語時(shí)，一般在句子中作時(shí)間、原因、分詞作狀語時(shí)，一般在句

11、子中作時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨等狀語。方式或伴隨等狀語。分詞作狀語時(shí)，句子的主語就是該分詞的邏輯分詞作狀語時(shí)，句子的主語就是該分詞的邏輯主語。但現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，主語。但現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生謂語動(dòng)詞之而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。 如果作如果作狀語的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前狀語的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，且和句子，且和句子的邏輯主語構(gòu)成的邏輯主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)

12、關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用，用 having been done 的形式，也的形式，也可以直接用可以直接用 過去分詞過去分詞 done. 1.I cannot understand _ such a well-paid job. A. him to give up B. him to have given up C. his giving up D. his being given up2.Janes summer vacation in England led to _ an Englishman. A. her marry B. her to marry C. her being married D

13、. her marrying 3.She was sad because of _ any chance left. A. there being not B. there not being C. not there being D. there was not4.If you think a letter is too slow, why not _ a telegram? A. try to have sent B. trying to send C. to try to send D. try sending 5.There is no chance _ him today. A. i

14、n seeing B. to seeing C. of seeing D. about seeing 6.I know you like _ . Would you like _ with me now? A. swim, to swim B. swimming, swimmingC. swimming, to swim D. to swim, swimming7.Before _, the machine must be checked. A. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using 8.To give up _ means _ .

15、A. smoking, stopping smoking B. smoking, to stop smoking C. to smoke, to stop to smoke D. to smoke, stopping to smoke9. What do you think of the book? Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time.A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. being read 10. “What has made you so upset?” “_ my new bike.”A. Lost

16、B. Because of losing C. Since I lost D. Losing 11. I still remember _ to Beijing when I was six.A. to take B. taking C. having taking D. having been taken 12. Some foreigner used to _ on the left in their own countries, but now they have got used to _ on the right in our country.A. driving, drive B.

17、 drive, drive C. drive, driving D. driving, driving13. He remained _ there, for he grew _ in many things there.A. staying, interesting B. staying, interested C. to stay, interest D. stayed, interested14. It is important for parents and young people to learn how to get through to each other and devel

18、op skill in understanding and _.A. being understood B. to be understood C. understand D. understood15. _ more trees is good for health and it is also important to stop waste from factories _ our surroundings. A. To plant, pollute B. Planting, to pollute C. Plant, polluting D. Planting, polluting 16.

19、 I would appreciate _ back this afternoon.A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling 17. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking18. “The light in the office is still on.” “Oh, I forgot _ .”A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to t

20、urn it off D. having turned it off19. “I must apologize for _ ahead of time.” “Thats all right.”A. letting you not know B. not letting you knowC. letting you know not D. letting not you know20. It happened _ when I left the station, so I had to wait until the rain stopped.A. to be raining B. to have

21、 rained C. to rain D. raining 21. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A . Given B . To give C . Giving D . Having given22. Climbing mountains was _, so we all felt _. A. tiring ; tired B. tired ; tiring C. tiring ; tiring D. tired ; tired23. The _ morning, the father came into the l

22、onely house , _ by his naughty boy . A. following ; following B. followed ; followed C. following ; followed D. followed ; following24. _ these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. A. S

23、eeing ; seen B. Seen ; seeing C. Seeing ; seeing D. Seen ; seen25. Mrs White was glad to see the nurse _ after her son and her daughter and was also pleased to see children well _ care of in the nursery. A. looked ; taken B. looking ; taken C. looked ; took D. looking ; taking 26. I was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way home, but unfortunately for m